1. The Origin and Evolution of Pen

Pen originated in Europe, and gradually became popular after17th century, becoming the main tool of hard pen calligraphy. Modern pens have undergone many improvements and evolution, and there are different types in nib, ink and pen holder.

2. The characteristics of hard pen calligraphy

Hard-pen calligraphy refers to the art of calligraphy with strokes with high nib hardness as the main body. Different from writing brush, hard pen calligraphy has a more regular font, which can show clear straight lines and obvious stroke changes. On the other hand, a pen is finer than a brush and can present extremely fine lines.

3. Different kinds of pens

Pen is widely used in hard pen calligraphy. Common pens are woodpecker pen and clip pen. A woodpecker pen refers to a pen with an inclined tip. Because the protruding degree of the pen tip can be adjusted, it is very suitable for hard pen calligraphy teaching and practice. A clamp pen widely used in the field of hard pen calligraphy, the pen tip is adjusted by a steel bar clamped on the pen holder.

A pen is a writing tool that uses a metal nib and ink. Because of its thin tip and high hardness, it can show regular and clear lines, so it is widely used in hard pen calligraphy, signature, drawing and other fields.

1. Pen classification

According to the different storage methods of nib and ink, pens can be divided into fountain pens, ink-absorbing pens and clip pens. Among them, fountain pen is suitable for writing occasions with a large amount of ink, and ink absorption pen is suitable for writing with a small amount. The pen clamping structure is simple and easy to clean.

2. Pen maintenance

The service life of a pen is directly related to its maintenance. Common maintenance methods include cleaning, drainage and storage. Clean the nib in time after use, swing the tail of the pen to make the ink flow out, so as not to damage the nib when the ink is dry, and store it in a ventilated and dry place.

3. Use of pens

Pen has the advantages of simple, smooth and regular writing, so it is widely used in formal occasions such as signature, official document writing and letter writing. In addition, pens are also used in some artistic fields, such as comic painting and illustration making.

4. Comparison between pen and other writing tools

Compared with the writing brush, the pen is easy to carry, can produce clearer lines and is relatively simple to use. Compared with ballpoint pens, pens can show more natural and smooth lines, and at the same time, extra attention and stroke changes are needed when writing cursive and running scripts.

Conclusion: Hard-pen calligraphy plays an important role in the art of calligraphy in China. As the main tool of hard-pen calligraphy, pen is widely used in teaching and practice.