The so-called imitation is to select a famous work of the ancients, study the layout, decoration, charm and other skills, and then imitate this article and make an article. Imitation writing is a way of writing that imitates and simulates according to the structure, expression, language and conception of an article or paragraph.
Objective: The purpose of this section is to understand the characteristics, types and essentials of parody, so as to improve the writing level through parody training. Imitation is not a mechanical copy, but a handy use after self-digestion.
The model essay is just an example, from which I get inspiration and enlightenment, and finally go to innovation and draw my own gourd. This is the purpose. Theory: Since ancient times, many scholars have attached great importance to imitation. If there is a sentence in someone's article that is not like the ancients, it will be reprimanded as the evil way of the wild fox; Some people who are extremely opposed to imitation think that imitation is the murderer who stifles literary life; In addition, there are some scholars who take the golden mean.
It can really be said that each family is different and there is no agreement. I think the rise and prevalence of every theory must have its reasons, but it is a pity that later generations are often possessed, which has aroused the anger of many people, but this theory itself is not wrong.
We just need to pull it back to the right path, stop obsessing and obsessing. We know that there are some ways to learn calligraphy, such as painting red, copying, moving, aligning and reciting.
If a beginner in calligraphy does not start from copying and create his own works from scratch, then his calligraphy will definitely not be good. Of course, copying also has shortcomings. People who have been copying will never reach the peak in calligraphy.
The same is true of mathematics. If the teacher doesn't teach some basic mathematical concepts and isn't on the blackboard, then do some topics for demonstration. Don't give some questions as homework and give instructions for correcting them; In the exam, can students learn without giving them some questions about the test level? Among them, the teacher does it once and the students do it again when they go home, which is called imitation in the composition. Beginners of photography should first look at the works of famous artists, understand their skills, and then follow the trend, and over time, they will create their own quite good articles.
The same is true for studying art. Similarly, if you don't start writing articles by copying ancient masterpieces, you will certainly not be able to appreciate the beauty of ancient temples and the wealth of hundreds of officials.
Let's see, in ancient times, Yang Xiong made The Book of Changes, The Analects of Confucius and Er Ya too mysterious, French and dialect. Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, etc. They are not familiar with ancient Chinese, so they plan to imitate it, let themselves master it, innovate and prosper, and form their own family.
So imitation should be a very important method. Imitation is a way to learn articles, but it is very hard to imitate articles.
Students may reject it, because it used to be "I use my handwriting mouth" and write whatever comes to mind. This is so simple, but now it is controlled by the ancient rules of China, and you can't do whatever you want. Under the psychological factors of easy refuge, it will naturally be rejected.
There are also ancient people's opinions against imitation that can be used. Naturally, it is more reasonable to completely deny it. We should understand the value of imitation as a wonderful way to reply, and we should persuade these weak people to face the reality bravely instead of avoiding difficulties.
4. Principle: (1) Imitate forms and methods, feel and understand your own, so you should have your own opinions and speak your own words; (2) Imitation should be targeted and pay attention to imitating those things that inspire you; (3) Imitation should be gradual, combining point with surface. Methods: Since imitation is necessary, it also has great defects.
What should I do to make the article progress without being possessed? As mentioned above, there are red tracing, copying, transfer printing, temporary pasting and back pasting in calligraphy. There are also dead imitation and live imitation methods in the imitation of articles.
Beginners of composition are short of vocabulary, ideas and information, so they can draw up some superficial articles. After the knowledge has increased, we can imitate some high-level works.
At the beginning of imitation, it is natural to be completely similar. If there is no way to be completely similar, there is naturally no need to cut the foot and fit the shoes.
Cutting feet and fitting shoes is harmful because of imitation, that is, the act of possessing. The ancients imitated articles and even gave up the use of contemporary literary words, and chose ancient literary words. Anyone who insists on using ancient literary words, official system, place names, etc. Not the modern one, but also possessed.
As for those with high learning ability, they can imitate abstract and brilliant laws such as style, momentum, divinity and artistic conception. On a higher level, it will be the point to create your own style. If you can't create your own style, you will never reach the peak, just like a bee picking flowers to make honey, but you can't see flowers in honey; It's also like brewing rice to make wine. After the wine is made, the bad must be removed.
Han Yu learned Mencius' writing skills, but Mencius was no longer visible in Han Yu's articles. Another example is Ouyang Xiu's study of Han Yu's articles, but Owen can't see Korean, which is a complete change. If later generations learned ancient prose, but could not thoroughly remould themselves, China's literary world would certainly not have made great progress today. Therefore, if they just imitate and never innovate all their lives, it is also a common phenomenon of computer addiction.
Before imitating, we should make a thorough analysis of the article to be imitated. If you don't have this skill, you should consult the opinions of ancient and modern analysis and comments, or consult people who know composition and decoration, otherwise you can't imitate it properly. In addition, you must collect enough writing materials to use them freely.
Imitation is an essential process of composition. When you are a beginner, you should imitate it in time and learn a considerable level. If you still want to imitate, you will have a deeper understanding, just like some masters who are good at calligraphy often copy. So we must not ignore its value.
Lu. Classification: including structural imitation, expression imitation, language imitation and intention imitation.
2. Imitating an article is a way to imitate a model essay. Imitation is an important means of combining reading and writing, and it is also an effective way to master writing quickly. Imitation is to read, digest and absorb the model essay as a composition, and then imitate the helpful content in the model essay according to the specific requirements of your own practice. When we do imitation writing exercises, we can start from the following aspects: First, imitate the topic of the composition. The topic is the eyes of the article, and a good composition topic itself is very attractive. Second, imitate the genre of the article. The articles we have read include fairy tales, fables, narratives, expositions, thoughts after reading, poems, letters, diaries and various practical articles. Different genres have different ways of writing through imitation. Imitate narrative methods. Common narrative methods include time sequence, event sequence, orientation sequence and so on. And sequence, flashback and interpolation, which can be imitated according to your own practice needs. Fourth, imitate the structural method. Some articles are total score structure, others are total score structure, including the details of the article, the methods of beginning and ending, etc. , can be appropriately imitated. Fifth, imitate the expression. Composition. Such as metaphor, personification, symbol, dynamic and static combination, scene description and so on. Can be imitated. Of course, there are many aspects that can be imitated. As long as you read more books at ordinary times, you can do it according to your work needs. But imitation is not the ultimate goal, the purpose is to use it flexibly through imitation practice. .
3. What should I imitate in imitating writing? Imitation writing 1. Definition: Imitation is called imitation in ancient Chinese.
The so-called imitation is to select a famous work of the ancients, study the layout, decoration, charm and other skills, and then imitate this article and make an article. Imitation writing is a way of writing that imitates and simulates according to the structure, expression, language and conception of an article or paragraph.
Objective: The purpose of this section is to understand the characteristics, types and essentials of parody, so as to improve the writing level through parody training. Imitation is not a mechanical copy, but a handy use after self-digestion.
The model essay is just an example, from which I get inspiration and enlightenment, and finally go to innovation and draw my own gourd. This is the purpose. Theory: Since ancient times, many scholars have attached great importance to imitation. If there is a sentence in someone's article that is not like the ancients, it will be reprimanded as the evil way of the wild fox; Some people who are extremely opposed to imitation think that imitation is the murderer who stifles literary life; In addition, there are some scholars who take the golden mean.
It can really be said that each family is different and there is no agreement. I think the rise and prevalence of every theory must have its reasons, but it is a pity that later generations are often possessed, which has aroused the anger of many people, but this theory itself is not wrong.
We just need to pull it back to the right path, stop obsessing and obsessing. We know that there are some ways to learn calligraphy, such as painting red, copying, moving, aligning and reciting.
If a beginner in calligraphy does not start from copying and create his own works from scratch, then his calligraphy will definitely not be good. Of course, copying also has shortcomings. People who have been copying will never reach the peak in calligraphy.
The same is true of mathematics. If the teacher doesn't teach some basic mathematical concepts and isn't on the blackboard, then do some topics for demonstration. Don't give some questions as homework and give instructions for correcting them; In the exam, can students learn without giving them some questions about the test level? Among them, the teacher does it once and the students do it again when they go home, which is called imitation in the composition. Beginners of photography should first look at the works of famous artists, understand their skills, and then follow the trend, and over time, they will create their own quite good articles.
The same is true for studying art. Similarly, if you don't start writing articles by copying ancient masterpieces, you will certainly not be able to appreciate the beauty of ancient temples and the wealth of hundreds of officials.
Let's see, in ancient times, Yang Xiong made The Book of Changes, The Analects of Confucius and Er Ya too mysterious, with French and dialects. Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, etc. They are not familiar with ancient Chinese, so they plan to imitate it, let themselves master it, innovate and prosper, and form their own family.
So imitation should be a very important method. Imitation is a way to learn articles, but it is very hard to imitate articles.
Students may reject it, because it used to be "I use my handwriting mouth" and write whatever comes to mind. This is so simple, but now it is controlled by the ancient rules of China, and you can't do whatever you want. Under the psychological factors of easy refuge, it will naturally be rejected.
There are also ancient people's opinions against imitation that can be used. Naturally, it is more reasonable to completely deny it. We should understand the value of imitation as a wonderful way to reply, and we should persuade these weak people to face the reality bravely instead of avoiding difficulties.
4. Principle: (1) Imitate forms and methods, feel and understand your own, so you should have your own opinions and speak your own words; (2) Imitation should be targeted and pay attention to imitating those things that inspire you; (3) Imitation should be gradual, combining point with surface. Methods: Since imitation is necessary, it also has great defects.
What should I do to make the article progress without being possessed? As mentioned above, there are red tracing, copying, transfer printing, temporary pasting and back pasting in calligraphy. There are also dead imitation and live imitation methods in the imitation of articles.
Beginners of composition are short of vocabulary, ideas and information, so they can draw up some superficial articles. After the knowledge has increased, we can imitate some high-level works.
At the beginning of imitation, it is natural to be completely similar. If there is no way to be completely similar, there is naturally no need to cut the foot and fit the shoes.
Cutting feet and fitting shoes is harmful because of imitation, that is, the act of possessing. The ancients imitated articles and even gave up the use of contemporary literary words, and chose ancient literary words. Anyone who insists on using ancient literary words, official system, place names, etc. Not the modern one, but also possessed.
As for those with high learning ability, they can imitate abstract and brilliant laws such as style, momentum, divinity and artistic conception. On a higher level, it will be the point to create your own style. If you can't create your own style, you will never reach the peak, just like a bee picking flowers to make honey, but you can't see flowers in honey; It's also like brewing rice to make wine. After the wine is made, the bad must be removed.
Han Yu learned Mencius' writing skills, but Mencius was no longer visible in Han Yu's articles. Another example is Ouyang Xiu's study of Han Yu's articles, but Owen can't see Korean, which is a complete change. If later generations learned ancient prose, but could not thoroughly remould themselves, China's literary world would certainly not have made great progress today. Therefore, if they just imitate and never innovate all their lives, it is also a common phenomenon of computer addiction.
Before imitating, we should make a thorough analysis of the article to be imitated. If you don't have this skill, you should consult the opinions of ancient and modern analysis and comments, or consult people who know composition and decoration, otherwise you can't imitate it properly. In addition, you must collect enough writing materials to use them freely.
Imitation is an essential process of composition. When you are a beginner, you should imitate it in time and learn a considerable level. If you still want to imitate, you will have a deeper understanding, just like some masters who are good at calligraphy often copy. So we must not ignore its value.
Lu. Classification: including structural imitation, expression imitation, language imitation and intention imitation.
4. What does parody imitate? I think parody can imitate three aspects: 1 is the form, including the structure of the article, the rhetorical devices used, such as metaphor, personification, beautiful sentence characteristics and so on.
Imitating composition can start with imitating the form of the original text. The second is the writing method, that is, the writing techniques used in the whole article, such as expressing the meaning of things, expressing the will of the dead, and expressing feelings by borrowing scenery. The third is the content, which can be the theme of writing, the intention of writing and so on. , such as imitating the central idea of objects, scenery and articles.
Another version is Baidu's.
A little wordy, you can also refer to: how to imitate writing is to write a composition like an example. Generally speaking, a composition can never be written. From poor to good, it has to go through the process from imitation to creation.
Students all know that extensive reading can accumulate a lot of writing materials, and writing will be handy. On the other hand, if the basic reading skills are not solid, it is impossible to write high-quality and high-level compositions.
Therefore, students should attach great importance to reading analysis in Chinese class, so as to master certain writing methods and skills and imitate compositions in a targeted manner. Learning example: When learning each text, we should not only understand what is written in the text and express the author's thoughts and feelings, but more importantly, we should know which words and phrases the author used, in what order and in what way. Specifically, when reading and analyzing the text, students can start from the following seven aspects: 1) understanding the theme; 2) Understand profound words; 3) Correctly divide paragraph levels and summarize the meaning of paragraphs or levels; 4) Distinguish the primary and secondary contents of the article and the details; 5) Find and understand the central sentence and summarize the central idea; 6) Pay attention to the connection and transition between paragraphs; 7) Find out the order in which the author observes and narrates things.
Inference: After understanding the above problems, students can also choose appropriate topics in combination with the guidance tips of this unit and practice composition fragments by using the writing methods learned in textbooks, so as to understand, apply and consolidate the selected materials and learning writing methods. In other words, when writing a composition, students can contact this unit or some texts they have learned before and learn from the expression; You can also read the materials related to the theme of this composition, enrich the writing materials, improve your cognitive ability, and lay the foundation for completing the composition independently.
For example, we will learn the writing method of this article and write a composition about this writer after learning "Young Runtu". In order to write this composition well, please first recall how the author describes the characteristics of juvenile leap soil. By reading the original text, students can easily see that the author not only grasped the appearance of the young leap soil (purple round face, wearing a small felt hat and a bright silver collar around his neck. )
, behavior, language and other external characteristics, but also selected typical events (catching birds, watching melons and thorns, picking shells, watching jumping fish) to reveal the internal characteristics of young leap soil: rich knowledge, smart and capable, lively and lovely. Then let the students think about how to write about the people they want to write about. According to the writing of the lesson "Young Runner", the students clearly stated: 1) Describe the mother's external characteristics, but don't grab her eyebrows and beard, pay attention to the key points, and must serve to highlight the central idea; 2) Reveal the inherent characteristics of mothers with typical examples: a, the little things in life-meanness; B, educating people and helping others-generous ... In addition, students can also collect a series of materials according to their own life experience, but they should choose the materials that can highlight the characteristics of the characters according to their own needs.
Review the new work: after selecting the materials, students should strike while the iron is hot and use the self-study class to complete the first draft. And submit the first draft to the teacher for review in time. The teacher classifies the students' exercises according to their contents and puts forward preliminary opinions: 1) Meet the requirements and describe the details; 2) It meets the requirements and the description is more specific; 3) basically meets the requirements, and the description is not specific; 4) Do not meet the requirements, and the description is not specific.
In this way, students can re-examine the composition requirements, make a positive or negative ruling, and make clear whether their articles should be revised or re-selected. In short, when reading and analyzing the text, students should not only master the main content of each article, but more importantly, while reading and analyzing the text content, they should also focus on learning the writing method of this article, and flexibly apply it to their own compositions, and learn and appreciate each text in the textbook as an "example exercise" to tap the uniqueness of the writing method. Such long-term accumulation will surely lead to excellent exercises. It should be noted that: 1) writing mainly imitates the writing structure, order or method of writing examples, and it is absolutely impossible to copy the content or make a makeover. You should re-select the topic of the article yourself.
2) Before writing, carefully study the sample, understand the content, summarize the writing structure and method of the sample, and then consider your own material selection, typesetting and expression after imitation. 3) The theme of parody must be familiar to you, and you must not copy it mechanically.
In order to conform to the example in narrative order or expression, other aspects can be bold and innovative. Student Example 1 "Digging" Mom (150024) Class 2, Grade 6, Harbin No.3 Power Generation Co., Ltd., Heilongjiang Province: Ji Haidong, which mother doesn't love her children, but my mother "digs" like hell.
(Cut to the chase and highlight the uniqueness of the mother by contrast-"digging". ) I remember one weekend, my mother and I went shopping. The first time I saw the mutton skewers sold at the door of the store. Looking at the brown mutton kebabs, I almost drool.
So, I quietly begged my mother: "Mom, can you ..." Finally, I couldn't say it. The language features are in line with the children's age characteristics. )
"Can't what?" Mom said angrily. "Can you buy a kebab and try it?" I summon up courage to say.
"No, you can't get into the bad habit of eating snacks. Besides, eating that kind of thing will ruin your stomach! " Mom said firmly. My mother made an excuse not to buy me mutton kebabs, so that I could form a good habit. )
I knew it wouldn't work if I kept fighting, so I didn't say anything more. I kept saying in my heart, "Mom is so embarrassed!" (Take care of the beginning and highlight the mother's "excavation". )
Yes
I want to imitate a composition. What can I imitate? I walked into an antique shop and picked up a glittering and translucent gem.
Take this treasure jade in your hand and study it quietly. Wow, what a beautiful sculpture! Danhong is reflected in transparency, while smoothness is touched by smoothness; Almost flawless in all aspects, people can't put it down. But when I carefully rubbed the corner of it, my keen eyes suddenly locked a tiny gap.
I am a little disappointed that there is still no real perfection in the world; Even the small path of corner details that human ability can't cover. I began to get lost in thought. Do you really need to pay attention to details in life? What if you care? What if you don't care? We may really need to care about the details.
Everything in the universe is made up of atoms, electrons and quarks. If we don't pay attention to these details, we can't touch the deeper essence of things; This is not only reflected in the word "science" written by prohibiting theory and accurate calculation. The majestic Great Wall is inseparable from the accumulation of countless bricks, and the towering ancient trees are the extension and spread of details.
It is these impenetrable details that constitute the vigorous sense of history and the magnificent beauty of life. Everything in the universe has no details to accumulate; Will be illusory and blank.
A great event is often only superficial, but the real essence is hidden in the details. For example, a person's seemingly unfathomable personality can be clearly expressed in an out-of-control words and deeds, because camouflage is afraid of being discovered by seemingly trivial things.
Not only human beings with extremely complicated inner world, but also inanimate substances. Although the energy level of the electron sublayer is very small and can't be observed under a nano-scale microscope, these orbits are extremely accurate and clearly draw the law of electron movement of chemical elements, setting an immortal scientific milestone.
More importantly, care in every possible way and see the truth. Because the ostentatious perfunctory, in any case, can not reflect the consideration and care of putting yourself in the shoes.
If you really love someone, you will feel every feeling in her heart with your heart. This person can be your parents, brothers and sisters, wife and children.
As long as you love them from the heart, even a gentle greeting when you are tired; When you are down, even a gentle touch. It is these little tricks that can melt the ice and heal the wounds.
In the details, you can see the energy of great love. It seems that the details are really important, but what if we want to think from another angle?
It is precisely because anything magnificent can not be separated from down-to-earth accumulation that one should also have a far-sighted and unobstructed view of the overall situation. Because for a towering old tree, the real strong vitality lies in the healthy and vigorous trunk; Without them, no matter how many details, it is just a bush.
Similarly, for people; An open-minded person will not dwell on other people's details all day. Because a broad-minded person can see the overall situation and live an open-minded life.
Back to the part of Baoyu, there is no piece of Baoyu in the world that is flawless. Human beings push their appreciation to the extreme pronoun "perfection", and finally get only tiny flaws and uncontrollable disappointment.
Instead of being trapped in the impossible extreme, we should look at the beauty of the overall situation with a normal heart. Details should be icing on the cake, and don't interfere with elegance.
Looking away from Baoyu, I felt a beam of enlightened light pass through my heart and shoot into my heart. Why does life struggle with these details? The demand is too high, which only brings disappointment.
Nowadays, human beings can't even break through the speed of light, let alone the vast and distant space. Of course, the details can't be ignored.
Because people are really trying to pursue happiness all their lives; Happiness has details. Some details are not allowed to be ignored, because from these things, you can see the essence and essence; In depth, we can appreciate the changes in the heart of life and the world.
Profound and happy, this is another degree that needs to be reconciled and controlled.
6. Can the composition be imitated? Write in red; Painting should be copied and painted red, and words with symmetrical frame structure can be written according to copybooks; Copy, you can learn painting skills from other people's paintings. Similarly, composition can be imitated. As long as the imitation is correct, we can learn standard language and correct writing methods from the model essay, which can closely combine reading and writing and apply what we have learned. This is a good way to improve writing ability. There are two main ways to practice imitation. First, imitate the writing of the whole article. A student attended the Summer Young Pioneers Summer Camp. There are many feelings. He wrote a composition in the form of a letter to the young pioneers of the squadron, imitating the writing method of Who is the cutest person. He wrote like this: Dear comrades, every day in summer camp life, I am moved by some things. My ups and downs make me want to tell you all my feelings, but what I am most eager to tell you is the ten-day summer camp life, which makes me more and more. What a wonderful future we have. Obviously, this is the beginning of imitating who is the cutest person. By expressing our feelings, we can get to the point and reveal the center of the full text. Then, this classmate imitates who is the cutest person, chooses three typical materials to express the center, and describes the three activities that we feel most deeply in summer camp life to illustrate the central idea of "how happy our life is". Finally, when we are sitting in the bright classroom, when we are running in the wide playground, when we are walking in the park with our parents ... Comrade, can you realize how happy our life is? Please realize that this is a kind of happiness! Only by recognizing this, can we live up to the expectations of the older generation of revolutionaries, the people and the younger generation in the great era, and study hard for a better tomorrow ... in a lyrical style, summarize the full text and echo the beginning of the article. This is obviously an imitation of the ending of Who is the cutest person. Because it imitates the whole article "Who is the cutest person", this composition reflecting summer camp life has a clear center, rich materials and compact and coherent full-text organization, which can be said to be a better composition. The second is to imitate the writing of model essay fragments. Mr. Lu Xun vividly described the scenery and fun of the Baicao Garden in his book From Baicao Garden to San Tan Yin Yue. Needless to say, green vegetable fields, smooth stone wells, tall acacia trees and purple mulberry trees; Needless to say, cicadas sang in the leaves, fat wasps squatted on cauliflower, and the swift son of heaven (lark) suddenly rushed into the sky from the grass. Just around the short mud wall, it has unlimited interest. Oil flies sing here and crickets play the piano here. Turning over broken bricks, sometimes I meet centipedes; There is also Mylabris. If you press your finger on its spine, you will spray a puff of smoke from the back of your nose. When a classmate wrote a spring outing in the Summer Palace, he learned the way to describe the Herbal Garden. He described the Summer Palace in this way: Needless to say, the towering Buddha Pavilion and the wide Kunming Lake; Needless to say, the vivid pictures in the promenade and the lifelike little stone lions on the 17-hole bridge. In a humorous little garden, there will be unlimited fun. There are exquisite pavilions, carved beams and painted buildings on the balcony, with exquisite workmanship. There is a pool of green water under the balcony, and golden carp swim around the bottom of the pool. If you throw a little crumb into the water, goldfish will flock to it, which is very interesting ... Compared with words, the first thing is to imitate the way words grasp the characteristics of things and describe them with accurate words. The text is "green vegetable beds, smooth stone well fences", and the parody is "towering Buddha Pavilion, wide Kunming Lake". Secondly, it imitates the sentence pattern of "needless to say" ... just ... ",describing one in detail. Imitate the article and write it in a "humorous little garden". The imitation of fragments is centralized and concrete, which is easier to learn and more effective than the imitation of the whole article. Although the above two examples imitate the writing style of the model essay, they also imitate the language of some texts, which is naturally appropriate. Such imitation is conducive to improving writing ability. Is this imitation and plagiarism? I don't think so. When you write a composition, when you have carefully conceived what to write, your thinking is mature; How to write, also have a preliminary idea. At this time, think again, in the model essays you have studied, which ones can be used for reference, which ones can be fragmented and which ones can be absorbed by language. According to the need to express the central idea of the article, in order to enhance the expression effect, you used the writing style and language of the model essay for your article. Such "takenism" is the correct imitation. Like the one who wrote about summer camp life. Although it is written according to who is the cutest person, it is about a period of life I spent in a summer camp. Although the article "Spring Tour to the Summer Palace" has learned the writing method of "from a hundred herbs garden to a beach to print the moon", it describes the scene of the Summer Palace. Although these two cases still have traces of model essays in language and writing, they are both written in model essays and language, and this is what I used. Without my own content and writing method, I immediately used the content and writing method of the model essay in my composition. This is plagiarism. Let's analyze an example: I went to school late that morning, and I was afraid that the teacher would scold me. Besides, he said he would ask us new words, and I couldn't write a word. I think I should stop going to school and play in the wild! It's really warm and sunny! Birds are singing in the branches, and someone is beating Tai Ji Chuan on the grass behind the factory. These scenes are much more interesting than explaining new words, but I can manage myself and rush to school. This is the beginning of a short article entitled "I'm late". Maybe you can see at a glance that this is the beginning of the last lesson written by French writer Dodd. Let's look at the beginning of the last lesson and make a comparison.