Su Dongpo, his father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Zhe are also called "Three Sus", and their influence in contemporary and even later generations cannot be simply described by a word "big". Su Xun saw the potential of "genius" when he was young. Su Xun had been fooling around when he was young. By chance, he realized the importance of reading. Before long, he studied hard for this reason, and Su Xun became famous.
But unfortunately, I have graduated from high school. Su Xun pinned her hopes on her two sons. The Su brothers took the imperial examinations together, went to high school together, and worked for the imperial court together.
2. prime of life
The Su brothers took the imperial examinations together, went to high school together, and worked for the imperial court together. The pride is beyond words. Qin Shaoyou, by contrast, is somewhat ill-fated. These two people who entered the imperial court won the appreciation of the emperor with their extraordinary talents. Even the emperor said, "I found two prime ministers for the court. But it is precisely because of their high-profile "entry" that people around them are dissatisfied and jealous.
In the Northern Song Dynasty, where speech was not free, the younger brother Ziyou avoided many disasters with his calm personality. However, our hero, Mr. Su Dongpo, shows great freedom of speech, but people with ulterior motives have long regarded him as a thorn in the side. After the first victory, disappointment came.
The first setback was mainly due to the collision with Wang Anshi Group. The result is clear: Su Dongpo will be exiled to Huizhou. This world-famous writer can completely change from a court official to an ordinary farmer. "He took off his robe, hat and boots, tied his hair with the cheapest rubber band and lay on the grass to enjoy the elegance of nature." When he got home, he begged his wife to give him some wine so that he could get together and chat with his friends on the boat.
"He will study hard to grow food, consult experienced farmers and plant land seriously." Su Dongpo, who combines various situations, loves to study things more. He developed ink painting, and later heard his eldest son Mai say that he almost set the house on fire. What fascinated Su Dongpo most was alchemy.
During his exile, Su Dongpo also established many Taoist priests and monks. This period of accepting friendship and going to Yehe gave Su Dongpo the idea of giving up officialdom. However, the emperor collapsed, the little emperor ascended the throne, and the queen mother took power, and everything changed. He took off the farmer's coat and continued his mission.
3. Old age
The downfall of Wang Anshi won Su Dongpo the opportunity to return to Beijing. According to Empress Dowager Cixi, "The emperor died of regret." The empress dowager, who knew Su Dongpo's ability to govern the country, recalled Su Dongpo to Kyoto by imperial decree and was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Hanlin. This made Su Dongpo's other group with great hostility deeply uneasy.
A new round of gloomy stumbling blocks appeared. Zhang Chun, once called by Su Dongpo as "a person who will kill people in the future without blinking an eye", is a person who makes Su Dongpo feel physically and mentally exhausted. Although he couldn't bear to betray the trust of the Empress Dowager, at the same time, there was no reason to give up his son. When he was frustrated for the first time, he hesitated to recall the harmony, simplicity and ease of life, which made Su Dongpo determined to leave the wrong place and return to nature. Be an ordinary farmer like his idol Tao Qian.
4. Exile
However, fate makes people. The amulet queen mother died and the little emperor came to power. This impatient little emperor, eager for quick success and instant benefit, was inevitably used by people with ulterior motives and issued a series of imperial edicts for banishment and exile. A group of more than 30 courtiers were all exiled to the wild land of Hainan.
The conditions of this exile were very difficult, and Su Dongpo became a wild crane in the wild. Relieved, he doesn't blame the country. It is said that Su Dongpo's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia" and other ancient classics all came from this period. What is chilling is that this exile has also become the chief culprit in killing Su Dongpo.
Extended data:
Su Dongpo's historical evaluation: Su Shi has made great achievements in literature and poetry, and can be regarded as the representative of the highest literary achievement in the Song Dynasty. Moreover, Su Shi's creative activities are not limited to literature. He has made outstanding achievements in calligraphy, painting and other fields, and also made contributions in medicine, cooking, water conservancy and other skills.
Su Shi is a typical representative of the cultural spirit in Song Dynasty. Judging from the scope of literary history, Su Shi's significance mainly has two points: First, Su Shi's attitude towards life has become a paradigm respected by later scholars: advancing and retreating freely, not being shocked by humiliation. Because Su Shi integrated the two attitudes of feudal scholars on the same value scale, he was able to keep calm and go all out.
Of course, this paradigm is more suitable for scholars who have suffered from ups and downs, and it can lead to a life of integrity and abundance, which is exactly what scholars in the past dynasties after the Song Dynasty hoped to do. Secondly, Su Shi's aesthetic attitude provides an enlightening aesthetic paradigm for later generations. He embraces the world with a broad aesthetic vision, so everything is considerable and beauty is everywhere. This paradigm has opened up a new world for future generations in subject matter, content and expression. Therefore, it is a historical necessity that Su Shi is universally loved by later literati.
Su Shi enjoyed a high reputation in the literary world at that time. He inherited Ouyang Xiu's spirit and attached great importance to discovering and cultivating literary talents. At that time, there were many young writers around him, such as Huang Tingjian, Chao and Qin Guan, who were collectively called "Four Bachelor's degree in Sumen".
Together with Chen Shidao and Li Zhi, they are called "Six Gentlemen of Sumen". In addition, Li, Li Zhiyi, Tang Geng, Zhang Shunmin, Kong, He Zhu and others were also directly or indirectly influenced by Su Shi. Su Shi's achievements include all kinds of literary styles, and his own creation has no fixed norms to follow, so Su Men writers present different faces in their creation. Huang Tingjian is good at poetry, Qin Guan is good at ci, Li Zhi is good at classical Chinese, and Zhang and Chao are good at poetry. At the same time, their artistic styles also have their own personalities. For example, Huang's poems are innovative, Chen's poems are simple, and their styles are not good. Later, Huang and Chen also opened another school.
Su Shi's works were very famous at that time and were very popular in Liao countries, North Korea and other places. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the court once banned the circulation of Su Shi's works, but the stricter the ban, the wider it spread. By the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Su Shi's collected works were widely circulated with various versions, and were repeatedly engraved in later dynasties.
In the eyes of later scholars, Su Shi is a brilliant literary master, and people compete to learn nutrition from Su Shi's works. In the era of confrontation between Jin State and Southern Song Dynasty, Su Shi had a far-reaching influence on both the north and the south. Su Shi's poems not only influenced the poems and songs of the Song Dynasty, but also inspired the poets of the Ming Dynasty and the Song Dynasty in the early Qing Dynasty.
Su Shi's spirit of liberating ci style was directly inherited by the new school of ci writers in the Southern Song Dynasty, forming a bold ci school that kept pace with graceful ci, and its influence has been spread to people in the Qing Dynasty. Su Shi's prose, especially his essays, is the artistic source of the unique spirit of the prose of the police school in Ming Dynasty. Until the Qing Dynasty, the influence of Su Wen could still be seen in the prose of Yuan Mei and Zheng Xie.
Su Shi's amiable and humorous image remained in the minds of ordinary people in later generations. His travels around the world and his life inventions are all topics talked about by later generations. Among the writers in the Song Dynasty, Su Shi is unparalleled in terms of the degree of being widely loved by later generations.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Su Shi