Cultivation points of cut flower "Rose" (actually Chinese rose)

plant

Mainly planted underground, but also a small number of potted plants. In the Yellow River basin and its south area, it can be planted in the open air and overwinter in the open air. In the cold northern region, potted plants should be used indoors for wintering, or ditches should be dug and pots buried for wintering. After defoliation in autumn, it can be planted before germination in spring. It should be planted in a place with high terrain, abundant sunshine and no stagnant water, and the depth is off the ground 15 cm. When potted, humus soil, garden soil and river sand are mixed to cultivate soil, and a proper amount of decomposed manure or cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer are added into the well. After planting, water 1 time, put the seedlings in the shade for a few days and then move them to the sun for culture.

Light and temperature

Sunlight can promote good growth. Ground planting and potted plants should be placed in sunny places and receive more than 4 hours of direct sunlight every day. Can not be placed in a place with insufficient indoor light for a long time. Enter the room in winter and put it in a sunny place. The suitable growth temperature is 12-28℃, and it can withstand the low temperature of -20℃. It is safe to overwinter in Zhengzhou.

Water fertilization

Before planting, apply an appropriate amount of organic fertilizer into the tree hole, and then water it after planting. The requirement of water and fertilizer for ground-planted roses is not strict, and generally it can be fertilized three times. First, apply fertilizer before flowering, and put it into furrow before spring buds shade. It is best to add decomposed manure and humus. The second is to apply fertilizer after flowering, and apply decomposed cake fertilizer residue after flowering to supplement the nutrients consumed by flowering. Third, apply fertilizer in winter, and apply human manure after defoliation to ensure the safety of roses in winter. Potted roses can be applied with dilute fertilizer water in cattle for a long time, 10- 15 days 1 time. Roses are drought-tolerant, usually planted without watering, and 20 roses are planted in hot summer or spring drought. -? 30 days 1 time. Potted plants are watered for two days 1 time, and hot summer or spring drought 1 time. Spraying a new type of high-fat film to preserve fertilizer and moisture.

Plastic trimming

Generally, pruning is not needed. Old plants can be pruned to remove dense branches, dead branches and pests. Roses bloom, if they fail, pick them and then bloom, otherwise they will only bloom 1 time.

Flowering period control

Generally speaking, natural flowering is better. In bud stage, flowers are sprayed with bright colors and the flowering period is long.

Peony:

cultivation techniques

1. Planting

Choose a sunny place without water, preferably a sunny slope with fertile sandy loam and good drainage. Before planting, dig deep into the ground, the planting pit should be appropriately large, and the peony root should be stretched vertically when it is placed in its hole, and it is not allowed to take root by punching holes. Don't plant too deep, it's best to just bury the roots. Generally, there are fewer potted plants.

2. Light and temperature

Adequate sunshine is beneficial to its growth, but it is not resistant to summer sun. The temperature above 25℃ will make the plant dormant. Optimum flowering temperature 17? -20℃, but it must pass through 1? -10℃ low temperature treatment 2? Three months. Minimum capacity-the temperature is 30℃, but appropriate cold protection measures should be taken in winter in northern cold areas to avoid freezing injury. The high temperature and high humidity weather in the south is extremely unfavorable to the growth of peony. Therefore, in order to appreciate the beauty of peony in the south, we must give specific environmental conditions. peony

Flowers.

3. Water and fertilizer

Water twice before planting. Irrigation 1 time before winter to ensure its safe overwintering. After spring, water should be supplied according to the dry and wet conditions of the soil, but don't water it too much. Generally, fertilizer is applied three times a year, and the first time is 1 time before flowering, and quick-acting fertilizer is applied to promote flowers to bloom well. The second time is fertilization after flowering, and the topdressing is 1 times of organic liquid fertilizer. The third time is autumn and winter fertilizer, mainly base fertilizer, to promote the growth of the next spring. In addition, attention should be paid to intertillage weeding, and the soil can be loosened by shallow tillage without leaving weeds. ? ? Luoyang Fan Yu's Works: The only eternal romantic love is Er Qiao.

Step 4: plastic trimming

Pick and trim the flowers in time after they wither, and trim them according to the natural growth of the tree. At the same time, a layer of calluses antiseptic film is attached to the trimming mouth to protect the wound and prevent the invasion and infection of germs. If you want plants to be low and have dense flowers, you should cut them short to inhibit branch expansion and tillering. Generally, it is advisable to leave 5-6 branches per plant.

5. Flowering control

Potted peony can promote flowers in winter.

Peony bonsai photo collection (5 photos) will bloom in the Spring Festival. The method is to select peony varieties with strong scales and full buds (such as Zhao Fen, Luoyanghong, Shengdanlu, Gejinzi, Zhushalei, Dazihu, Mokui and Wulong Peng Sheng). ) 60 days before the Spring Festival, take it out with soil, with as little damage to the roots as possible, dry it in the shade 12-3 days, and then put it in pots. When placing the flowerpot, the size of the flowerpot should match the plant to achieve a satisfactory plant type. After pouring water, it is managed normally. 50-60 days before the Spring Festival, move into a greenhouse around 10℃, and spray water 2-3 times a day to keep it moist. When the scale buds swell, gradually heat them to 25-30℃, and the temperature at night is not lower than 15℃, so that flowers can be seen in the Spring Festival.

Edit common diseases in this section.

Brown spot, erythema and rust; Common pests are nematodes, grubs and cutworms.

(1) leaf spot

) leaf spot: also known as erythema, this disease is polychaete? peony

Fungal infection of genus.

The pathogen of Peony Stamp Collection (10) mainly infects leaves and new branches. The initial stage of the disease is usually about 15 days after anthesis, and it gets worse with the increase of temperature in mid-July. In the early stage, there were brown spots on the back of leaves, and the edge color was slightly darker, forming irregular annular withered spots with thick outside and light inside, which merged with each other and made the leaves wither and wither. The petiole is damaged, resulting in a dark green fluff layer; Stem and stalk are infected to produce raised lesions; Pathogens overwinter in stems, leaves and soil of diseased plants. ? Prevention and control methods: ① Around the beginning of165438+10 (beginning of winter), clean the leaves in the ground and burn them centrally to eliminate pathogenic bacteria; ② Before the onset of the disease (in May), the bordeaux mixture was sprayed once every 10 to 15 days until the end of July; (3) At the initial stage of the disease, 500-800 times of thiophanate methyl and carbendazim were sprayed every 7- 10 day for 3-4 consecutive times.

(2) Purple feather disease

This is a fungal disease. Spread through soil. The disease occurs in the root neck and roots, especially in the root neck. There are purple or white cotton-wool hyphae in the victim's body, which are yellow-brown at first and dark brown later, commonly known as "black pimples". In light cases, patches are formed, no new roots are produced, the branches are withered and thin, the leaves are yellow, and the scales and buds are small; In severe cases, the whole root neck and system rot and plants die. This disease usually occurs in the hot and rainy season from June to August. After September, with the decrease of temperature and rain, the disease spots stopped spreading. ? Prevention and control methods: ① Choose Gao Qian plot with good drainage for planting; ② timely intertillage in rainy season to reduce soil moisture; ③ Rotation every 4-5 years; ④ Cultivate disease-resistant varieties; ⑤ Used when planting alone? 500 times of pentachloronitrobenzene liquid medicine is applied to the affected area for replanting, and its roots can also be watered with 5% mancozeb 1000 times of liquid medicine; ⑥ Disinfect infected plants with lime or sulfur.

(3) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Also known as stem rot. The pathogen is Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. At the onset, water stains appeared on the stems near the ground, which gradually expanded and rotted, and white cotton appeared. You can also dip the leaves and buds. ? Prevention and control methods: choose Gao Qian plot with good drainage for planting; Dig out the diseased plants in time and disinfect the soil; Rotation every 4-5 years. ? Anthrax and rust are also common. There are round or irregular light brown pits on the surface of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides leaves, and the spreading edges are purple-brown. Rust produces yellow spores on the back of leaves, which leads to green leaves and columnar hairs on the diseased leaves in the later stage. The control method is the same as leaf spot. ? Na Wei's works and exquisite peony paintings.

Edit this section for copying and protection.

It usually propagates by branching and grafting, but it also propagates by sowing and cutting. The suitable period of transplantation is from late September of 10 to early October of 10, neither too early nor too late. If you like fertilizer, you should fertilize it at least three times a year, namely "flower fertilizer", "bud fertilizer" and "winter fertilizer". Pruning should be carried out after 2-3 years of cultivation. For varieties with vigorous growth and strong branching ability, it is only necessary to cut off the weak branches, keep all the strong branches, and remove the new buds at the base in time to maintain a beautiful plant shape. Bud removal is also an extremely important job. In order to make plants produce bright flowers and keep plants strong, the number of flowers should be controlled according to the age of trees. In the early stage of budding, a certain number of fully developed flower buds should be selected, and excessive flower buds and weak buds should be removed as soon as possible. Generally, 5-6 year-old plants keep 3-5 flower buds. For newly planted plants, all buds should be removed in the spring of the following year to prevent flowering, so as to concentrate nutrition and promote plant development. ? Peony is a deciduous shrub with deep roots. It likes sunshine, cold resistance, cool environment and avoids high temperature and sultry. It is suitable for children to grow in loose, fertile and well-drained sand. Therefore, it is appropriate to use the mixed soil of sand and cake fertilizer as the pot soil for cultivating peony flowers, or to mix it with fully decomposed manure, garden soil and coarse sand at the ratio of1:1. If the cultivated soil contains too much water, its fleshy roots will rot easily. Therefore, when it rains continuously, it should be drained in time, and water must not accumulate at the roots. Peony is not resistant to high temperature, so it needs to take timely cooling measures in hot summer. It's better to build a gazebo to give it shade. Cover with straw curtains or reeds before noon and remove them at night. This measure, if implemented in time, can prevent defoliation. If it is left to heat the fallen leaves, it will seriously affect the future flowering. Peony has long roots and large plants, which is suitable for ground planting. If you want to plant a pot, you should choose a large, permeable soil basin with a depth of more than 30 cm. It is best to use a crock 60-70 cm deep. The propagation of peony flowers can be accomplished by sowing, branching and grafting.

Ligustrum lucidum:

cultivation techniques

glossy privet

Ligustrum lucidum leaves are golden in color and resistant to pruning, which is widely used in landscaping. This is very important to improve the survival rate of Ligustrum lucidum cuttings. ?

Yang Zuoren's "Original Album of Flowers of Ligustrum lucidum" (20 pictures) generally adopts the new shoots of two-year-old Ligustrum lucidum. It is best to cut the lignified part into cuttings of about 15cm, remove all the leaves at the lower part and leave 2 ~ 3 leaves at the upper part. The upper cutting distance is 1cm from the upper bud, and the lower cutting is diagonally cut into horseshoe shape on the back of the bud. The cutting substrate is coarse sandy soil, and it is disinfected with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution 1 day before cutting. Before cutting, punch a hole with a wooden stick slightly thicker than the cutting, and then compact the cutting slightly. Cutting density should be non-contact between leaves and evenly distributed. Spray it with clear water, then cover it with plastic film, half of it is compacted with soil, and the rest is sprayed with brick, and then shaded with reed curtain. Before rooting, spray water twice a day,10: 00 ~1:00 in the morning and 13:00 ~ 14:00 in the afternoon, so as to cool and moisturize, and keep the temperature in the shed at 20℃~ 30℃. Proper ventilation at noon every day, in order to prevent rot in summer, spray 800 times carbendazim 3 days after insertion, and spray again on 10 day. About 2 1 day after insertion, after two days of small ventilation at both ends, the plastic film can be removed in the morning and evening, covered with reed curtain at noon, pay attention to spraying more water, and all can be removed after three days. Seedlings can be transplanted on cloudy days or in the evening after 4-5 days of hardening, watered once immediately after planting and watered again after 3 days, and the survival rate can reach 100%. In winter, you should buckle a small arch shed for the winter. ? Special attention should be paid to the survival rate of cuttings, which is closely related to cutting substrate, rooting powder concentration, lignification degree of cuttings and cutting time: the rooting rate of coarse sand is higher than that of fine sand, the rooting rate of rooting powder11000 solution is higher than that of low concentration, the rooting rate of lignified cuttings is higher than that of semi-lignified cuttings, and the rooting rate of summer cuttings is higher than that of autumn cuttings.

Edit this section cultivation management

glossy privet

Ligustrum lucidum leaves are golden in color and resistant to pruning, which is widely used in landscaping. This is very important to improve the survival rate of Ligustrum lucidum cuttings. ? Generally, the new shoots of two-year-old Ligustrum lucidum with golden leaves are used. It is best to cut the lignified part into cuttings of about 15cm, and remove all the leaves at the lower part, leaving 2 ~ 3 leaves at the upper part. The upper cut is horizontally cut at a distance of 1cm from the upper bud, and the lower cut is obliquely cut into a horseshoe shape at the back of the bud. The cutting substrate is coarse sandy soil, and it is disinfected with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution 1 day before cutting. Before cutting, punch a hole with a wooden stick slightly thicker than the cutting, and then compact the cutting slightly. Cutting density should be non-contact between leaves and evenly distributed. Spray it with clear water, then cover it with plastic film, half of it is compacted with soil, and the rest is sprayed with brick, and then shaded with reed curtain. Before rooting, spray water twice a day,10: 00 ~1:00 in the morning and 13:00 ~ 14:00 in the afternoon, so as to cool and moisturize, and keep the temperature in the shed at 20℃~ 30℃. Proper ventilation at noon every day, in order to prevent rot in summer, spray 800 times carbendazim 3 days after insertion, and spray again on 10 day. About 2 1 day after insertion, after two days of small ventilation at both ends, the plastic film can be removed in the morning and evening, covered with reed curtain at noon, pay attention to spraying more water, and all can be removed after three days. Seedlings can be transplanted on cloudy days or in the evening after 4-5 days of hardening, watered once immediately after planting and watered again after 3 days, and the survival rate can reach 100%. In winter, you should buckle a small arch shed for the winter. Special attention should be paid to the survival rate of cuttings, which is closely related to cutting substrate, rooting powder concentration, lignification degree of cuttings and cutting time: the rooting rate of coarse sand is higher than that of fine sand, the rooting rate of rooting powder11000 solution is higher than that of low concentration, the rooting rate of lignified cuttings is higher than that of semi-lignified cuttings, and the rooting rate of summer cuttings is higher than that of autumn cuttings.

Holly:

Cultivation management

Holly is suitable for planting in humid and semi-cloudy places, likes fertile soil and can grow well in general soil, and has no strict requirements on the environment. The seedlings planted in that year can grow naturally by watering once, and watering once every 15 days according to the soil moisture. Combined with intertillage weeding, topdressing 1 ~ 2 times a year in spring and autumn is appropriate, and dilute liquid fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen fertilizer is generally applied. Holly sprouts and grows branches many times a year, which is extremely resistant to pruning. It should be pruned once in summer, and it can be pruned into a flat shape or a spherical shape or a conical shape in autumn according to different greening needs, and the branches should be properly thinned to maintain a certain crown-shaped branching state. Measures such as piling up soil to prevent cold can be taken in cold places in winter. Leaf spot is the main disease of Ilex, which can be controlled by carbendazim and chlorothalonil. ? In general, the propagation of Ilex is mainly cuttage, which is mostly carried out in May-June. First, we can cut obliquely from the middle and upper part of the crown, take 5 ~ 10 cm long and vigorous lateral branches to cut off the lower leaflets, and keep all the upper leaves. Then it is treated with rooting powder, cut off and cut into seedbeds. The seedbed should be selected in a ventilated and shade-tolerant place, or it can be cut in shade, with high survival rate. [ 1]

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Holly has lush foliage and evergreen seasons. When the fruit is ripe, it is bright red and is an excellent ornamental tree species in the garden. Should be planted alone on the lawn, in rows at the door, by the wall, on both sides of the garden road, or scattered on the piled stones and hills, lush and lovely. Holly is dwarfed by old piles or growth inhibition and used to make bonsai.

Edit this paragraph- Life (life)

10 month 1 1 day? Birthday flower: Holly (common? Holly)？ 65438+ 10 month 1 1 birthday flower: life? The fruit of this plant has a characteristic that it won't fall from the branches all winter. When birds have no feed and are starving, the fruit of Holly can just sustain life. So the flower language of Holly is-life. ? You born today or anyone who is blessed by this flower knows the importance and preciousness of life. You are a naturally compassionate person. The only fly in the ointment is that it is difficult to refuse other people's demands. So please pay special attention to the heterosexual relationship between men and women.

Edit this medical treatment

Holly leaves?

Roots and bark can be used as medicine, which is cold and bitter, and has the effects of cooling blood, stopping bleeding, clearing heat and detoxifying. Hollyleaf contains protocatechuic acid, which has antibacterial effect. ? Indications: soaking in wine, eliminating wind deficiency and treating hemorrhoids. Burning leaves can cure chapped skin and scars. ? Attachment: Holly, now also known as Sijiqing, its leaves can be used to treat colds, cough due to lung heat, loose urine and diarrhea in clinic. External use can treat diseases such as fire injury and traumatic bleeding. ? Sexual taste returns to menstruation? Holly: Into the liver and kidneys. Reinforce liver and tendons, kidney and bones.

Yingchun:

Chinese alias:? Keywords winter jasmine, gold belt, gold thread, Yunnan winter jasmine,

Winter jasmine, also known as golden plum, golden belt and small yellow flower, is a deciduous shrub of Oleaceae. Named after its earliest flowering among hundreds of flowers, it is also called "four friends in the snow" with plum blossom, daffodil and camellia, and is one of the precious flowers in China. Winter jasmine is not only gorgeous in color and extraordinary in temperament, but also has the characteristics of not being afraid of cold, not choosing to adapt to local conditions and strong adaptability, and has always been loved by people. ?

Deciduous shrub that blooms in spring, 40-50 cm tall. The branches of Yingchun are slender, arched, quadrangular and green. Leaves opposite, leaflets 3, ovate to oblong. Flowers are solitary. The first leaves are in bloom. The flowering period is from February to April. Usually it doesn't work out.

The price of the Spring Festival is that the branches are long and weak, drooping or twisted, and the green leaves are yellow. They can be planted on the banks of rivers, terraces and the front of steps, especially suitable for the ceiling layout of hotels and buildings, and can also be potted for viewing.

Elm:

Key points of management

Humidity management:

I like a slightly humid or dry climate, and the relative temperature of air in the growing environment is required to be 50 ~ 70%.

Temperature management:

I like warm climate, but the hot and muggy environment in summer (above 35℃ and air relative humidity above 80%) is not conducive to its growth; The requirements for winter temperature are very strict. When the ambient temperature is lower than 10℃, the growth stops and it is unsafe to overwinter under frost.

Lighting management:

Like sunshine, you can give plenty of sunshine in autumn, winter and spring. Put it in the room? ? Flowering plums

For internal maintenance, try to put it in a bright place, such as living room, bedroom, study and other well-lit places. After curing indoors for a period of time (about one month), it needs to be moved to a cool place outside (with heat preservation conditions in winter) for a period of time (about one month), and so on.

Fertilizer and water management:

For potted plants, in addition to adding organic fertilizer into the pot, proper fertilizer and water management should be carried out in the usual maintenance process. ? Spring, summer and autumn: these three seasons are the peak of its growth, and the cycle order of fertilizer and water management is "Huabao"-clear water-"Huabao"-clear water, with an interval of about 1 ~ 4 days, which is shorter in sunny days or high temperatures and longer in rainy days or low temperatures.

Winter:

In winter, the dormancy period is mainly to control fertilizer and water, and the management of fertilizer and water circulates in the order of "Hua Bao"-clear water-clear water-"Hua Bao"-clear water, with an interval of about 3-7 days, which is shorter in sunny days or high temperatures and longer in rainy days or low temperatures. For plants planted underground, according to the drought situation, fertilizer should be applied and watered 2-4 times in spring and summer: first, a small ditch is separated at a distance of 30- 100 km from the root neck (the bigger the plant, the farther it is from the root neck), and the width and depth of the ditch are 20 cm. Sprinkle 25 ~ 50kg organic fertilizer or 1 ~ 5 two-particle compound fertilizer (fertilizer) into the ditch and then water it. After winter and before spring, apply fertilizer again according to the above method, but don't water it.

Trim:

When plants enter dormancy or semi-dormancy in winter, thin, diseased, dead and dense branches should be cut off. Branches can also be arranged in combination with cuttings

Replace the flowerpot:

With proper maintenance, it will grow rapidly. When it grows to a certain size, we should consider changing to a bigger pot to keep it growing vigorously. One of the following culture soil and composition ratio can be selected for changing pots: vegetable garden soil: slag = 3:1; Or garden soil: medium coarse river sand: sawdust (shavings) = 4:1:2; Or one of paddy soil, pond sludge and humus soil.

Remove the washbasin:

Put the flowers to be changed on the ground, pat the periphery of the pot with your hand to make the root system vibrate and separate from the wall of the pot, put the pot upside down on your left hand, gently hold the plants with your left index finger and middle finger, press your wrist and fingertips against the edge of the pot, pat the bottom of the pot with your right hand, and then push the root soil down from the bottom hole with your mother finger to let the plants come out. After taking it off, gently pat the soil with your palm to let the excess soil fall off.

Flower pot preparation:

Choose a flowerpot with a suitable size, and cover the bottom hole of the flowerpot with two tiles or thin foam boards to ensure that the soil of the flowerpot is not washed away by water, and the excess water can flow out in time. Spread a layer of ceramsite or broken red brick on the ceramic tile or foam as the filter layer, with a thickness of about 2 ~ 3 cm. Put the fertilizer from the fertilizer applicator on the drainage layer, with a thickness of about 1 ~ 3cm, and put a thin layer of substrate on the fertilizer, with a thickness of about 2cm, to separate the root system from the fertilizer. Finally, put the plants in, fill in the nutrient soil, about 2 cm away from the hukou.

Edit this section of spring management and protection.

Eucommia ulmoides is an important ornamental tree species in early spring gardens in northern China. Although it has a strong nature and is easy to cultivate, its management in spring cannot be relaxed. If we don't pay attention to the management in spring, it will lead to a lack of trees and flowers, which will affect the ornamental effect. The key points of spring management in Ye Mei are as follows:

First, add water twice:

Turning green water in early spring is very important for the flowering quality and one-year growth of plum blossoms. This kind of watering can not only prevent the freezing injury in early spring, but also supply the water needed for plant growth in time. This kind of watering should be done sooner rather than later, usually in early March. If it's too late, it won't play a role in preventing cold and freezing. Pay attention to pouring enough water when watering, and don't wet the ground. In addition, it is often overlooked to water again in late April. In fact, water is very important at this time, because it is windy and rainy in spring. Although green water is watered in early spring, the soil moisture is not good at this time. If water is poured at this time, it is tantamount to icing on the cake, which can make plants grow vigorously and flourish.

Second, after fertilization:

After flowering and budding in early spring, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. should consume a lot of nutrients and topdressing in time. This topdressing is related to the growth of plants after flowering and the differentiation of flower buds, so it should be applied in a timely and appropriate manner. The fertilizer can be a compound fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. If some mature and fermented ring fertilizers are applied at the same time, the effect will be better, which can not only utilize the nutrient balance of plants, but also help plants absorb nutrients, and also effectively improve soil permeability and biology.

Third, pruning should be reasonable:

Pruning Eucommia ulmoides leaves, in early spring, we should focus on cutting off horizontal branches, internal branches, dead branches, too dense branches, pests and diseases, upright branches on the back, and also cut short some long flower branches and main branch extension branches to prevent the flower position from moving up and affecting the ornamental effect; For plants with uneven growth, based on the principle of restraining the strong and helping the weak, the branches with good growth are shortened or thinned; Sparse some auxiliary branches that are too dense and the last year branches that are not ready to bloom and cultivate; The branches of big flower branches should be properly cut short, and the branches that are too dense in all kinds of flower branches should also be properly thinned to prevent the branches from being too dense and affecting the flowering quality. After such reasonable pruning, Eucommia ulmoides not only blooms a lot, but also blooms for a long time. It should also be mentioned that the residual flowers should be cut off in time after the flowers wither, so as not to cause the result and consumption of nutrients, which is often ignored due to human constraints. In fact, it is very necessary to cut off the residual flowers, which is also beneficial to plant growth.

Four, pest control:

Spring is the germination period of pests and diseases, and prevention should be based on the principle of prevention first and early treatment. Spraying the mixture of sulfur and stone powder once before germination in early spring to prevent diseases, and spraying 75% thiophanate methyl twice continuously after flowering with an interval of 1000 days. Gummosis can be prevented and treated by scraping off gummosis, applying Bordeaux mixture or painting white. The main pests in spring are red spiders, aphids and leafhoppers. If it happens, it can be sprayed with broad-spectrum insecticides, but care should be taken not to cause phytotoxicity.

Edit this paragraph for trimming and shaping.

The most commonly used Eucommia ulmoides tree type in gardens is "natural happiness". After grafting, when the seedlings grow to more than 1 m, they are cut off at about 65 cm. In the next growing season, the first main branch is about 45 cm away from the ground, the second main branch is above 10 cm, and the third main branch is above 10 cm. These three main branches should be evenly distributed in different directions, with the distribution angle of about 120 and the opening angle of 45. After the three main branches are selected, the remaining few branches can be kept as auxiliary branches, and the rest can be thinned out. When cutting in the winter of the following year, the three main branches can be cut short, with the length of 1/3 branches. When cutting short, we should pay attention to the balance of the crown, lightly cut the strong branches, re-cut the weak branches, and cut off the outer buds. In the spring of the third year, some new branches adjacent to the extended branches of the new main branches should be thinned in time to keep some robust branches. When cutting in winter, the extension branches of the main branches should continue to be cut short, and some side branches should be kept. These lateral branches should be in the same direction, either clockwise or counterclockwise, and no cross branches can be produced. The remaining lateral branches should also be appropriately shortened and gradually cultivated into flowering branches, and the spacing between the flowering branches in the trunk should not be less than 30 cm. In the process of flower branch culture, attention should be paid to the combination of medium and long branches and short branches to make them bear flower buds to the maximum extent. ? Pruning after basic cultivation of crown is mainly divided into summer pruning and winter pruning. Summer pruning is usually carried out in June after the flowers wither, mainly by removing the core from the excessively long branches and shortening the branches that have already blossomed, leaving only 3 or 4 buds at the base, so that the newly sprouted branches are close to the main branches, which is beneficial to plant modeling; Winter pruning is generally carried out from February, 65438 to February of the following year, mainly to cut off over-dense branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, drooping branches, hollow branches, dead branches and pests; You can also cut short some long flowers. Some auxiliary branches that are too dense and the last branches that have not been prepared for flowering culture should be thinned. After such reasonable pruning, Eucommia ulmoides not only has large flowers, but also has a long flowering period. It should be noted that the residual flowers should be cut off in time after the flowers wither, so as not to cause the result and consumption of nutrients, which is often ignored due to the limitation of manpower. In fact, it is very necessary and meaningful to cut off the residual flowers.

Edit the detailed description of pest control in this paragraph.

disease

Common diseases of plum blossom are: black spot disease and nodule disease. ? (1) Symptoms and pathogenesis of Eucommia ulmoides Black Spot: Black Spot mainly harms Eucommia ulmoides leaves. Brown spots will appear after the leaves are damaged, and the spots will be irregular when they spread to the veins. Multiple spots can be connected into large pieces, and black-brown mildew spots often grow on the spots, and the leaves will wither and fall off in the later stage. Black spot disease is a fungal infection of semi-conscious fungi. The pathogen overwinters in the diseased bud scales with mycelium, and conidia are produced in the next spring, which are spread by air and rain and infected from the stomata of leaves. The disease can recur in the growing period, and the peak period is June-September. In severe cases, a large number of leaves can fall off, thus affecting the growth of plants. ? Prevention and control methods: strengthen water and fertilizer management and improve plant disease resistance. Clean up the fallen leaves in late autumn, and spray 5 Baume lime-sulfur mixture before germination in spring to prevent it once. If it happens, 700-fold solution of 80% zineb wettable powder or 500-fold solution of 70% mancozeb can be sprayed every 7 days 1 time for 3 ~ 4 times continuously, which can effectively control the disease. ? (2) Symptoms and pathogenesis of Eucommia ulmoides root cancer: The disease mainly occurs in rhizome, sometimes in taproot and lateral root. Tumors of different shapes and sizes will be formed in the affected areas. The primary tumor is gray or flesh-colored, soft in texture, smooth in surface, gradually becoming light brown, hard in texture, rough in surface and with reticular cracks. Bacteria spread through water, cutting, grafting, underground pests and other ways, and invade tissues from damaged areas. The period of high temperature and high humidity is most conducive to the occurrence of plant diseases. ? Prevention and control methods: strengthen quarantine work, prevent the introduction of diseased seedlings, prevent and control all kinds of underground pests in time, pull out diseased plants, remove tumors with sterilized knives, apply Bordeaux grafting tools, and be strictly disinfected before use.

insect pest

The common pests of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. are aphids, red spiders, spiny moths, scale insects, leafhoppers, aromatic moths, longicorn beetles and so on. If it happens, aphids can be killed with aphid shovel 1500 times solution; 40% dicofol EC 1500 times solution to kill red spider; Spraying 1000 times Bt emulsion to kill moths; Killing leafhoppers with 2.5% dichlorvos EC 3000 times; To kill the aromatic wood moth, 400 times solution of zinc and phosphorus can be injected into the wormhole, and then the wormhole can be blocked with soil to kill the larvae, or the method of burying carbofuran in the root can be used to kill it; Green Wei Lei 500 times solution can be used to control longicorn beetles.

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Important flowering shrubs in spring gardens in northern China. It has strong saline-alkali resistance, and is most suitable for being widely used in Beijing gardens, so as to reflect the thriving scene of beautiful spring and blooming flowers. Plant willows or rocks. It is full of spring. In gardens or courtyards, conifers and cypresses should be planted in clusters, or forsythia suspensa should be mixed. Solitary planting, cluster planting or row planting can be used as a flower fence with excellent landscape, or potted or cut flowers.

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Introduction of Hongye Peach

English name: Red? Autumn? Leaves? Yes? That? Maple leaf? Wait a minute. ? Flowering? Peach? Prunus of Rosaceae is a small deciduous tree with a plant height of 3-5 meters, grayish brown bark and reddish brown branchlets. Simple leaves alternate, oval-lanceolate, and young leaves are bright red. Double pink flower. Drupe is spherical with short hairs on the epidermis. In March, flowers come first and leaves come later. It is beautiful, charming and lovely, and it is an excellent flower viewing tree species. It should be planted on hillsides, watersides, rocks, walls, courtyards and lawns. Can also be potted, cut flowers or used as a pile landscape. Nature likes light, drought-resistant, fertile and well-drained soil, which is not resistant to water and humidity. Cold-tolerant, able to overwinter in the open field in northern Beijing. Because of its dense flowers and simple cultivation, it is widely used in both northern and southern gardens. ? The flowering period is from April to May, and it is divided into long flower branches, middle flower branches, short flower branches and bouquetlike branches. Flower bud differentiation is concentrated in July-August. The fruiting period is from June to August. Like fertile and well-drained soil, it is not suitable for water and humidity, alkaline soil and cohesive soil.

Related information of leaves

Hongye Bi Tao is a variety of Bi Tao. It likes warm and sunny environment, and the suitable temperature is 15-30 degrees. It is suitable for deep, fertile and well-drained soil, and is not resistant to wet, alkaline and cohesive soil. . It is usually propagated by grafting. Hongye peach is not only beautiful in flowers, but also red in leaves. It can be planted together with Xifu Begonia, Lilac and Baijuanmei, and it is a good ornamental tree species.

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