Passport Passport is an identity document issued by sovereign countries to its citizens for entry, exit and abroad. Everyone who goes abroad holds a passport so that it can be presented to the relevant authorities for inspection. No country allows people without passports to enter its borders. Countries also have stricter inspections of passports to prevent people with expired, invalid, or even forged passports from entering the country.
After getting the passport, you should check whether the name, date of birth, and place are filled in correctly, and sign on the signature form. Before going abroad, you must use your passport to apply for visas for the country you are going to and the countries you are stopping on the way, and use your passport to purchase international flight tickets, train and boat tickets, etc. When abroad, you need to use your passport to stay in a hotel and go through residence procedures. Passports must be kept properly and must not be defaced, altered, or lost.
Visa A visa is a permission certificate issued by a country's official agency to national and foreign citizens to enter or exit the country, or to stay or reside in the country. Visas are stamped on passports or other identity documents. If you are going to a country that has not established diplomatic relations, you will need a separate visa, called a separate visa, which can be used at the same time as your passport.
Before going abroad, you must apply for the necessary visas, that is, apply for entry or exit visas for the country you are going to and transit visas for the countries you stop by. If you hold an ordinary Chinese passport for private purposes, you must also apply for a Chinese visa from the licensing authority. To apply for a foreign visa, you must apply to the embassy or consulate of the relevant country in China. If there is no embassy or consulate in our country, and there is no embassy in a third country that handles visas, go to a country that has a visa agency for that country. If you need to apply for a visa abroad, you can ask our embassy or consulate abroad for assistance.
Yellow Book The Yellow Book is the vaccination book. In order to prevent the spread of certain infectious diseases internationally, each country has stipulated certain vaccinations required for foreigners entering their borders. There are mainly vaccinations against cowpox, cholera and yellow fever. The validity period of these vaccinations is: eight days after the initial vaccination with cowpox, and three years from the day after the revaccination. Prevention of cholera begins six days after vaccination and is effective for six months. The prevention of yellow fever starts ten days after vaccination and is effective for ten years.
According to different periods, different regions and the distribution of epidemics, countries have different vaccination requirements. Smallpox, for example, is now basically under control around the world, so many countries no longer require vaccination with cowpox. Sometimes cholera is found in a certain area, and anyone entering or leaving the area must be vaccinated against cholera. Therefore, people going abroad should have the necessary understanding before going through the vaccination procedures.
Pre-purchase air tickets (car, boat tickets) Before leaving the country, you should choose a convenient, economical and reasonable route based on the actual situation. Airlines in various countries provide long-distance passengers with the convenience of food and accommodation for connecting flights within 24 hours. Therefore, this factor should be considered when choosing the time and place to transfer flights. You can purchase air tickets through a travel agency, or you can purchase them directly from the airline or business office where you are flying. When purchasing a ticket, you must confirm your seat. After getting the ticket, you should check whether the flight number, date, transit city, and arrival city filled in the ticket are correct, and whether the seat is confirmed (i.e. "OK"). You can only fly if your seat is "OK".
If the traveler holds a connecting (or round-trip) ticket, even if the seats for the entire journey have been booked (OK) when purchasing the ticket, some airlines have different regulations on the connecting time limit. If the time between taking the onward (or return) flight exceeds the specified time limit, you must complete the seat "reconfirmation" procedure at the onward (or return) location in advance, otherwise it will be equivalent to automatically giving up the confirmed flight. Seats, the carrier can legally transfer the seats to other passengers. This point is often overlooked by people. Therefore, special attention should be paid to understanding the regulations of the relevant airports and airlines to avoid causing difficulties in travel.
Tickets are named on the ticket and are not transferable.
Luggage: Generally, you can check in 20 kilograms of luggage for free when flying (first-class tickets can check in 30 kilograms). A few airlines have regulations that allow 30 kilograms in checked baggage. Overweight baggage will be charged an overweight fee. In recent years, in order to improve their competitiveness, some airlines have been flexible in charging excess baggage, and sometimes even do not charge excess baggage fees. However, in the case of a full flight, the requirements are strict, so when preparing luggage, it is best not to be overweight.
Suitcase It is best to use a light and sturdy suitcase, which is easy to carry and is not afraid of being bumped. Personal luggage should be clearly marked with Chinese and foreign names, destination, etc. Collective luggage can be uniformly marked for easy identification.
If there are too many and oversized luggage, items, instruments, etc., in addition to carrying them with you, you can also check them separately in advance. The freight is cheaper than ordinary shipping.
When traveling abroad, you often need to buy clothes. You can learn about the climate conditions, customs and habits of the country you are going to in advance for reference when buying clothes.
The Pearl of the West Coast of the United States—Los Angeles, the City of Angels
A port city on the Pacific Coast in southern California, the United States, and the largest industrial and commercial city in the west. The population is 3.097 million (1984), and the large urban area is 7.478 million (1980), ranking third in the country after New York and Chicago. Mexicans and blacks account for a large proportion, and there are also many Chinese, Japanese, and Filipinos. Founded by the Spanish in 1781, it developed into a commercial center for nearby pastoral areas. It belonged to the United States in 1846.
In the late nineteenth century, the discovery of gold mines in California, the construction of the railroad to the east, large-scale oil development, and the navigation of the Panama Canal accelerated the development of the city. Since World War II, aircraft manufacturing and arms industry have developed rapidly. In addition, precision machinery, advanced metal products, electronic instruments, petroleum processing, chemistry, steelmaking, printing, etc. all play an important role. The port's cargo throughput ranks first among the ports in the Pacific. It mainly exports oil, machinery, fruits, and grains, and imports steel, rubber, materials, etc. Important fishing port and military port. The northern suburbs of Hollywood are the main center of the country's film and television industry. There are many colleges and universities such as the University of Los Angeles (built in 1865), the University of California, Los Angeles (built in 1919), and the California Institute of Technology (built in 1891), as well as cultural facilities such as the Natural History Museum, the Art Museum, and the Music Center. Important tourist destination.
Los Angeles (Los Angeles), located in southern California on the west coast of the United States, is the second largest city in the United States after New York. With its swirling scenery, metropolitan style, prosperity and tranquility, , is a beautiful and dazzling coastal city on the west coast of the United States.
Los Angeles is bordered by the coast of San Pedro Bay and Santa Monica Bay on the east side of the vast Pacific Ocean, with the vast San Gabriel Mountains as its backdrop, covering an area of ??more than 1,200 square kilometers. The large urban area includes Los Angeles County and parts of Orange and Ventura counties, as well as more than 80 large and small towns such as Beverly Hills, Pasadena, and Long Beach, with a total area of ??10,567 square kilometers. The city is located in an open basin surrounded by mountains on three sides and facing the sea on one side. Except for some hills, the ground is flat with an average altitude of 84 meters. The highest point, Elsey Peak, is 1,549 meters high. It is sunny all year round, dry with little rain, and has a mild and pleasant climate. The average temperature is about 12 degrees, with the average temperature in January being 13.7 degrees Celsius and July being 23.4 degrees Celsius. The annual precipitation is only 357 mm, mainly winter rain.
On August 2, 1769 (the second day of the Catholic Marian Day), the Spanish expedition came here to find a place to open a church. In 1781, a town was built and it was called "Our Lady of the Queen of Angels". "Lea's Town", later referred to as "City of Angels" (the Spanish transliteration is Los Angeles). Los Angeles was originally an Indian pastoral village and became a Spanish colony in 1781. Americans first arrived here in 1818. It belonged to Mexico in 1821. After the Mexican-American War in 1846, it was ceded to the United States and became a U.S. territory. In 1848, the "Gold Rush" in the West attracted a large number of immigrants. It was established as a city in 1850, the same year California became the 31st state of the United States. At that time, the population of Los Angeles was only 1,600.
At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, with the discovery of oil, Los Angeles began to rise and rapidly developed into the largest city in the western United States. After the Second World War, with the rise of modern industry, the prosperity of business, finance and tourism, the surge in immigration, and the continuous expansion of urban areas, Los Angeles became a megacity in the United States. Today, Los Angeles has become the largest base for the petrochemical, marine, aerospace industry and electronics industries in the United States. It is one of the major centers of science and technology in the United States. It has the largest number of scientists and engineering technicians in the United States. It enjoys the title of "Technology City" and the famous Silicon Valley is located here. In recent years, the financial industry and business in Los Angeles have also developed rapidly. Hundreds of banks have offices in Los Angeles, including many well-known international consortiums, such as Lockheed, Northrop, Rockwell, etc. Los Angeles has Became the financial center second only to New York.
Universal Studios Hollywood Walk of Fame street scene. The Hollywood Walk of Fame is 3.5 miles long and showcases the stars of the entertainment industry.
In addition to having developed industrial and financial industries, Los Angeles is also the cultural and entertainment center of the United States. The endless beaches and bright sunshine, the famous "Movie Kingdom" Hollywood, the fascinating Disneyland, and the beautiful Beverly Hills... make Los Angeles a world-famous "Movie City" and "Tourist City". The urban area of ??Los Angeles is vast and scattered. The entire city is based on thousands of small houses for each family. Amidst the greenery, row upon row of courtyard-style buildings, with elegant colors, exquisite shapes and different styles, are scattered on the flat hills. There are more than a dozen high-rise buildings with dozens of floors in the city center. Highways and city streets criss-cross and are as dense as a spider web, extending in all directions. The road area of ??Los Angeles accounts for about 30% of the city's area. It is the city with the most developed highways in the United States and the city with the most cars in the United States.
The cultural and educational undertakings in Los Angeles are also very developed. Here are the world-famous California Institute of Technology, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Huntington Library, Getty Museum, etc. The Los Angeles Public Library has the third largest collection of books in the United States. Los Angeles is also one of the few cities in the world to have hosted two Summer Olympics.
Los Angeles is the largest industrial center in the western United States. Its manufacturing output value accounts for about 1/2 of California's, ranking third in the country. Los Angeles is also a deep-water seaport with modern equipment. Nearby Long Beach has the famous Samos Project, which is an artificial island for oil extraction. The island has a large inclined shaft that is unique in the world.
A large number of immigrants have made Los Angeles a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural international city. Ethnic minorities account for about half of the city’s population and have many immigrant communities. Areas where various ethnic groups live together have formed their own The "city".
Los Angeles is also one of the main gathering places for Chinese in the United States, with about 400,000 Chinese. Chinatown is a "Chinatown" with one new and one old. The new Chinatown was built in the mid-20th century and is located between the downtown area of ??North Broadway and the high mountain area. On December 8, 1981, Los Angeles and Guangzhou became sister cities.
In 2001, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the establishment of sister cities between the two cities, the city of Guangzhou presented to the city of Los Angeles a bronze "Yong Bell" imitated from the tomb of the Nanyue King of the Western Han Dynasty as a symbol of permanent friendship between the people of the two cities. It was placed in 2003 On the Chinatown Blue Line train station completed in 2016