Highway engineering project management is a complex systematic project, including schedule, cost, quality, safety, environmental protection, contract, procurement and other management tasks, and each management task interacts with each other.
To this end, highway construction companies need to implement enterprise-level multi-project management, dynamically control each project under construction, and timely transmit and process data on various management work information. Due to the shortcomings of traditional management tools such as being single and scattered, project management software platforms are gradually being introduced into the highway construction market. Most of the domestic project management software platforms are expanded on a certain project-level application, or directly copy foreign project management models, which cannot adapt to domestic management needs. In particular, they cannot coordinate the core project management work, and most of them only stay in the documentation and The approval and circulation of data is far from achieving true collaborative work.
1. Project management system implementation plan
Use project management software to integrate internationally advanced project management ideas throughout the entire project cycle. Including effective planning, controlling the scope and progress of the project, handling conflicts of key project resources and equipment, effectively managing project investment, conducting procurement, bidding and related contracts of engineering/materials in a reasonable and orderly manner, while improving management The degree of emphasis and application ability of personnel on advanced project management concepts and methods. Through the project management system, unified management of costs, contracts, construction machinery, equipment and materials, safety environment, documents and drawings, etc. is achieved.
Use project management software to scientifically establish project plans, and attach various required data on revenue, costs, and materials to the plan; establish materials and equipment codes; use project management software for precise dynamic cost management; Use the earned value principle at the WBS level to monitor the earned value of each WBS through planned values, actual values, etc., achieve refined management, and accumulate knowledge base through the project management system to obtain the lowest cost and fastest way to complete each WBS. schedule. Establish an "expense worksheet" to collect and analyze all expenses in the project from the two dimensions of expense account, "project plan value, project actual value, and plan-actual difference".
2. Plan management
Plan management mainly establishes the project management concept of "taking the plan as the leader" to realize the arrangement, tracking, feedback and adjustment of the construction plan in highway construction projects.
(1) Comprehensive planning management is the key to achieving operational coordination with planning as the leader. Taking operations as the basic project information carrier and element; analyzing construction (main) operations through network planning, and coordinating and managing (auxiliary) operations through processes. We will organically combine the network plan with the process with the construction schedule as the core, and highlight the event-driven management connection mechanism with the schedule as the center.
(2) With the plan as the core, link the owner's bill of quantities and project cost control list of the contract to the smallest unit of each construction in the plan - operation, as the basis for refined project cost management .
(3) Use the powerful schedule calculation engine of P3e/c to complete the preparation of the project master schedule. Feedback on the completion of each job in P3/ec, and synchronize the progress plan in PowerOn through data interaction between P3/ec and PowerOn. And the WBS cost work engine is used to calculate the number of projects completed and the output value of each operation within the statistical period.
(4) Based on the actual progress information fed back, analyze the impact of various factors on the main schedule plan, discover and solve problems that restrict progress in a timely manner, adjust the schedule plan and enter the next control cycle.
3. Material Management
Enterprise material management is usually carried out using EXCEL and manual processing. The data accuracy is low and the rework rate is high. At the same time, it is difficult to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of project cost accounting. sex.
(1) Material management mainly serves the procurement business department of the company or project to realize the electronic control and management of the entire process of equipment and material procurement, including: requisition submission, procurement plan preparation, materials All aspects of procurement, expediting, inspection, transportation, delivery site warehousing, and warehousing. The procurement system needs to establish the company's unified equipment and material coding system, and also needs to establish an interface with the PDS system, so that the basic data of the purchase requisition can be directly extracted from the PDS system.
(2) The material management business involves multiple departments and levels, and is a collaborative material procurement management platform for the entire company or project. The specific implementation of procurement management in the system includes the following sequence and steps:
① Definition of material classification codes and material codes: including materials, equipment, machinery and other material codes. This is the basic data for electronic procurement of project materials.
② Preparation of material requirements plan: There are two methods, one is obtained by loading resources on the job, and the other is provided directly through the project record (material requirements plan).
③ Submit a purchase requisition: The purchase requisition can come from the material requirements plan or be submitted offline by the subcontractor.
④Purchase requisition review: Not all proposed materials need to be purchased. Procurement personnel need to review them to see if the existing inventory fully or partially meets the demand.
⑤ Bidding inquiry: It can be recorded manually or completed through the bidding system, with the purpose of selecting the best price.
⑥Sign the purchase contract: including purchase content details, electronic contract documents, planned payment of the contract, planned shipment, planned arrival, etc.
⑦ Management contract changes: including the reasons for the change, the changed quantity or unit price.
⑧Record the actual payments and invoices of the contract.
⑨ Arrival and warehousing management: Mainly including arrival inspection and defective supply, and then warehousing.
⑩ Material requisition and outbound management: Review the requisition list submitted by the subcontractor or construction team, and notify the warehouse to issue the outbound materials. In the system, picking materials must specify the destination, that is, specify the cost object of each material, such as WBS, CBS (CostBreakdownStructure).
11 For inventory management, it also includes opening period carryover, daily inventory, inventory inquiry, etc.
12 Dynamic control of material costs: After picking materials and subtracting returned materials, you can compare and analyze the planned quantity, budgeted quantity, invested quantity, and completed quantity of project materials. At the same time, the material Real-time feedback of expenses is in the expense worksheet in cost management. The main material decomposition is linked to each schedule plan operation, thereby calculating the dynamic material budget quantity that is synchronized with the actual progress, and achieving dynamic control of material management.
IV. Contract Cost Management
In the current highway market construction environment, winning the bid at a low price has become a helpless choice for construction companies. Construction companies can only continuously improve project cost management. Only by tapping potential and increasing efficiency can we win room for survival and development in low-price bidding projects and achieve low-cost strategic goals.
The usual expense management of enterprises is to conduct project cost accounting on a monthly, quarterly, and yearly basis. Since the cost accounting work involves many people and a large amount of data, the relevant personnel in the project department are often overwhelmed, and the accounting results It is also full of loopholes. Therefore, project management software is needed to improve the efficiency of cost management, so that cost management can truly become the core of enterprise management and help management make decisions.
The progress and status of the job are tracked through the software, and the software calculates the budget plan value, budget actual value, cost plan value, and cost actual value of each project within a given time period in a timely manner. The budget here involves the input contract between the construction company and the owner, as well as the project cost control list (including subcontracts). The contract value in the input contract is used as the basis for calculating the budget plan value and budget actual value; the cost value of the cost control list is used as the basis for calculating the cost plan value and actual cost value;
Budget plan in the cost control process Value and cost plan value are theoretical values ??calculated after integrating the planned time, actual time, allocation method and other factors of the operation. They are simply understood as the fees that can be obtained from the owner after completing a project and the various fees that need to be paid. (Including fees paid to subcontractors). The actual actual value is based on the accrual value, the actual consumption of management fees, material fees, labor costs, machinery fees and other expenses for the project. The accrual value is to calculate the expenses incurred this month with the end of each month as the settlement date. The expenses that should be paid this month but have not been paid are included in the cost of this month.
5. Document and other management
As an enterprise-level multi-project project management software, PowerOn manages documents in two different modes: enterprise level and project level, which can be conveniently Carry out document editing, approval, distribution, archiving and other tasks, realizing network-based office automation, enhancing office efficiency and reducing office costs. The approval process uses digital signature technology and classification authorization methods to ensure the security and standardization of approval documents.
At the same time, with the help of this project management system, management of equipment, safety, quality, risk, HSE and other aspects can also be included. Through this information platform, communication and collaboration between various departments of the enterprise are enhanced. , which strengthens the control over the entire project process and makes business management more transparent, thereby strengthening the company's effective control over the entire project, improving the company's work efficiency, and thereby improving the overall level of corporate management.
The domestic project management system is still in the development stage. As international advanced project management ideas are increasingly recognized by the Chinese people, it is foreseeable that in the near future, the country will usher in the development of project management. "Outbreak period". There are only a few domestic highway construction companies that use project management systems. Project management systems have broad application prospects in highway construction companies. The application of project management systems will promote the development of highway construction companies and at the same time cultivate a number of talents through highway engineering informatization. The batch of project management talents has accelerated the application of project management in highway construction enterprises.
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