19 16, Xuezhou Wu was admitted to Pingxiang county middle school and received a systematic natural science education. He is interested in mathematics and physics.
1920 was admitted to Nanjing Normal University (later changed to Southeast University, now Nanjing University) to study chemistry.
1924 graduated with honors from the chemistry department of Southeast University, and was recommended by Professor Zhang to stay in the chemistry department as a teaching assistant.
1927, introduced by Professor Wu, taught in the senior middle school of Nanchang Middle School in Jiangxi for half a year, and then returned to Southeast University to continue to serve as a teaching assistant in the Department of Chemistry. Also recommended by Professor Wu, he took the exam for foreign students at public expense in Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education, and obtained the qualification to study in the United States at public expense with the first score in the province.
From 65438 to 0928, Xuezhou Wu came to California Institute of Technology to study for a doctorate, majoring in physical chemistry. The president of this university is R? Answer? Professor Millikan, many accomplished scientists gathered in the school to carry out research work on cutting-edge topics. Xuezhou Wu studied hard and was good at experiments. He finished his studies ahead of schedule in less than three years.
193 1 year, awarded Dr. Xia. In the same year, in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. Two papers, Potential of Reduction of Tetravalent Iridium to Trivalent Iridium in HCl Solution and Potential Determination of Iridium, were published.
In the early 1930s, quantum mechanics flourished, which promoted the development of related disciplines. Atomic spectroscopy once laid an experimental foundation for the development of quantum mechanics. Xuezhou Wu, a young man with active academic thoughts, keenly felt that molecular spectrum research would be an important frontier field in the future. So, while doing his doctoral thesis, he taught himself quantum mechanics, adjusted his research direction, and gradually turned his goal to the field of molecular spectroscopy. m？ Professor Badger cooperated in the study of absorption spectra of polyatomic molecules. The absorption spectrum, structure and dissociation energy of gaseous cyanogen halide, the absorption spectrum of cyanogen in near ultraviolet region and the entropy of some simple polyatomic gases calculated from spectral data have been published in Journal of American Chemical Society and Physical Review (1932). He discovered the long-wave limit of the continuous absorption spectra of CICN, BrCN and ICN, and inferred from their spectral similarity that these three molecules have similar geometric structures. According to thermochemistry and spectral data, it is determined that the n-halogenated cyanogen is composed of n-halogen atom and n-group and the first excited state is composed of n-halogen atom and n-group in 2π excited state. He linked spectral data with molecular structure and thermodynamic parameters, and opened up the research and application fields of molecular spectroscopy. Using the good conditions of our school, we designed our own experimental device to measure the far infrared spectra of acetylene, ethylene, acetonitrile, dioxane, ammonia, methyl iodide, acetaldehyde and other 14 gases. His paper Far Infrared Spectra of Gases (1932) was later published in Physical Review, and his work was well received. In Europe, the birthplace of quantum mechanics, the study of molecular spectroscopy has attracted much attention. In order to absorb advanced experience and exchange academic ideas.
1In the autumn of 932, Xuezhou Wu was invited to Germany as a visiting scholar to conduct cooperative research and give lectures at Damstedt Institute of Technology, where he met Professor Gerzburg who won the Nobel Prize in Molecular Spectroscopy.
1in the summer of 933, he returned to China as a full-time researcher at the invitation of Wang, director of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Wang hopes to continue to engage in the research of molecular spectroscopy, the frontier of world science, in order to promote the development of theoretical chemistry research. Despite many difficulties, together with Liu Gang and Zhu Zhenjun, we have completed more than ten research works, such as the ultraviolet absorption band of diacetylene, the absorption spectrum and dissociation energy of cyanic acid and some isocyanates, the fundamental frequency of acetonitrile, and the new absorption band system of acetonitrile in the near ultraviolet region.
1in the summer of 938, Cai Yuanpei, President of Academia Sinica, appointed him as the acting president, and presided over the establishment of the scientific experimental museum. In just six months, a temporary experimental hall was built, and a year later, a permanent experimental hall was completed. During this period, Xuezhou Wu worked hard for the construction of the museum, and most of his energy was spent on his daily work, which was highly praised by his peers. Because of funds, reagents and instruments, the study of gas absorption spectrum could not be carried out, so Xuezhou Wu changed to study the spectrum of solution and liquid, and at the same time carried out the study of reaction kinetics, focusing on the development and utilization of mineral resources. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, the Institute of Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences moved back to Shanghai, and Xuezhou Wu successively served as acting director and professor of Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Medical College, teaching physical chemistry until Shanghai was liberated.
From 65438 to 0948, he was selected as an academician of Academia Sinica. Researcher and honorary director of Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director of Institute of Environmental Chemistry. In the early years, the ultraviolet and far infrared spectra of polyatomic molecules were studied, some new spectral bands were found, and the structures and chemical reaction mechanisms of some typical important polyatomic molecules were expounded. Personally lead the research on chemical problems in the pre-and post-treatment of nuclear fuel; Carry out ultra-pure analysis and trace analysis, and then carry out environmental protection analysis; Presided over the research work of spectrum, spectrum and structural chemistry; In his later years, he established a laser chemistry laboratory to study the oxidation mechanism of bioactive substances by spectroscopy.
1 After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), China Academy of Sciences was established, and Xuezhou Wu was appointed as the director of the Institute of Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Previously, in July 1949, he participated in the Northeast delegation of the Preparatory Committee of the First National Congress of Natural Science Workers, and was deeply impressed by the resources and industrial construction in Northeast China.
1950, President Guo Moruo of China Academy of Sciences invited Xuezhou Wu to Beijing, asked him to go to the Northeast with Yan Jici and Wu Heng to form the Northeast Branch of the Academy of Sciences, and said to Xuezhou Wu: "Chairman Mao proposed to build the Northeast, how about you move some people there?" Without thinking, he replied, "Yes." More than 30 scientific and technical personnel from Shanghai Institute of Physics and Chemistry went to Changchun under the leadership of Xuezhou Wu, and merged with Changchun Comprehensive Research Institute on 1954 to establish the Institute of Applied Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences, with him as its director. Talent is the key to run the research institute well and develop the chemistry discipline. Xuezhou Wu organized a study class, and 54 units participated in the "Spectral Analysis Learning Meeting", which trained a large number of scientific and technological backbones for the whole country.
1955 was elected as a member of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences.
1958, Changchun Institute of Chemistry and its affiliated chemical school and technical school were established. Famous professors such as Qian, Sun Jiazhong and Wu taught the spectrum class, and successively trained more than 100 researchers in magnetic resonance, molecular spectrum, atomic spectrum and X-ray diffraction structure for scientific research institutions and universities.
1959, under his active advocacy, Changchun Huaying Research Institute established the first spectrum laboratory in China, and in the 1960s it developed into an ultra-pure analysis base in China. At the same time, he also led Huaying Institute to continuously expand new disciplines, and opened up disciplines such as atomic energy chemistry, oligomer chemistry, directional polymerization and polymer physics. 15 pure rare earth oxide was separated for the first time in China, and a new flow chart of nuclear fuel reprocessing extraction was completed, and pure silicon semiconductor was prepared, which determined the first nickel-based cis-polybutadiene rubber for China's independent research and development and industrial production of universal synthetic rubber. With his efforts, Changchun Huaying Research Institute has become a large research institute with 22 laboratories. With the assistance of relevant units, the institute successfully manufactured the first laser Raman spectrometer in China, which filled a gap for the country, and also established a laser isotope separation room, which achieved great scientific research results and won many national awards. 1979, the institute was rated as the national advanced unit.
From 65438 to 0978, Xuezhou Wu calmly analyzed China's situation in this field as an expert in molecular spectroscopy, and noticed that there were many imported spectroscopic instruments, but there were few papers on molecular spectroscopy research, even fewer papers with academic originality, and there was a tendency to ignore theoretical and basic research. Therefore, under his advocacy, preparation and presiding, and entrusted by chinese chemical society, a seminar on basic theory of molecular spectroscopy was held in Changchun from 65438 to 0980. Jiang, Hu, Wang, Wang, Wang and other experts attended the lectures and discussions. Xuezhou Wu, who is nearly 80 years old, gave a very incisive and vivid speech on the theoretical and practical background of laser generation and the progress of laser Raman spectroscopy. Xuezhou Wu believes that to run a research institute well, we should pay attention to three major issues, one is to choose a good research topic, the other is to have a well-trained research team with high scientific level, and the third is to have good experimental facilities. Establishing the research direction is the key. Drawing on the experience at home and abroad, he constantly adjusted and updated the research direction of the institute according to the needs of national construction and the trend of scientific research development. More than ten new research laboratories, such as ultra-pure substances and rare earth element analysis, radiation chemistry and laser chemistry, have been established successively, so that Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of Chinese Academy of Sciences has gradually formed a comprehensive research institution with four centers, such as inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry, materialization and structure, and organic polymers, and organized forces to tackle key problems in the fields of synthetic rubber, plastics, adhesives, rare earth materials, electroanalytical chemistry, organic structure, trace analysis, catalysis and laser isotope separation, and made great achievements. Xuezhou Wu's achievements and achievements in the establishment and research work, as his German friend and Nobel Prize winner Professor Gerzburg wrote in the condolence cables sent from Canada after his death in1October 3 1 1983, "His later work in applied chemistry, including the establishment of Changchun (Huaying) Institute, will be his career.
1980, this venerable old scientist was 78 years old, but despite his blindness in his left eye and visual acuity of 0.03 in his right eye, he took the trouble to consult a lot of materials, worked out topics for graduate students, and led students to tackle key problems in scientific research.
From 65438 to 0980, entrusted by chinese chemical society, the national molecular spectroscopy class was held, and the new method of calculating the normal coordinates of molecular spectroscopy and the application of computer in molecular spectroscopy were discussed, which promoted the development and application of molecular spectroscopy in China.
198 1 Elected as a member of the Fourth Department of China Academy of Sciences.
1983 1 01October 31day at 0: 20, Xuezhou Wu died. According to his father's wishes, Xuezhou Wu's children donated 10,000 yuan of their salary savings to Huaying Institute as an award fund for the Xuezhou Wu Science and Technology Award. For a time, the story of Xuezhou Wu's children's "attaching importance to heritage but neglecting it" was passed down as a much-told story.