1. 1 hardware knowledge
1. 1. 1 computer structure
Computer composition (arithmetic unit, controller, memory, input and output components)
Instruction system (instruction, addressing mode, CISC, RISC)
Multiprocessors (tightly coupled system, loosely coupled system, array processor, dual-computer system, synchronization)
. processor performance
1. 1.2 memory
Storage media (semiconductor memory, magnetic memory, optical memory)
. storage system
Main memory and auxiliary memory
Main memory type, main memory capacity and performance
Main memory configuration (main memory parity, AC * access, multilevel main memory, main memory protection system)
. stash
Performance and capacity calculation of auxiliary storage devices
1. 1.3 input and output structure and equipment
I/O interface (interrupt, DMA, channel, SCSI, parallel interface, universal interface bus, RS232, USB, IEEE 1394, infrared data association, input and output control system, channel).
Types and characteristics of input and output devices
1. 1.4 Basic knowledge of embedded system
1.2 operating system knowledge
The basic concept of 1.2. 1
Definition, characteristics, functions and classification of operating system (batch, time-sharing, real-time, network and distributed)
multiprogram
Kernel and interrupt control
. Processes and threads
1.2.2 processor management, storage management, equipment management, file management and job management
State and transition of process.
Process scheduling algorithm (time-sharing rotation, priority, preemption)
deadlock
Storage management scheme (segmentation and paging, virtual memory, page replacement algorithm)
Equipment management related technologies (spooling, buffering, DMA, bus, plug and play technology)
. file management
* * * Access and security (* * * Access mode, availability and security, recovery and handling, environmental protection mechanism)
. State and transition of work
Job scheduling algorithm (first come, first served, short job first, high response rate first)
1.3 system configuration method
1.3. 1 system configuration technology
System architecture mode (2-tier, 3-tier and multi-tier C/S and B/S systems)
System configuration methods (dual-machine, duplex, hot backup, fault tolerance, tightly coupled multiprocessor, loosely coupled multiprocessor)
Processing mode (centralized, distributed, batch processing, real-time system, WEB computing, mobile computing)
1.3.2 system performance
Performance design (system adjustment, response characteristics)
Performance indicators, performance evaluation (test benchmark, system monitoring)
1.3.3 system reliability
. Reliability calculation (mean time between failures, MTTR, availability, failure rate)
Reliability design (allocation and evaluation of fault safety, soft fault, component reliability and system reliability)
Reliability index and reliability evaluation
2. Basic knowledge of system development and operation
2. 1 system development foundation
2. 1. 1 demand analysis and design scheme
Demand analysis
Structured analysis design
Object-oriented design
Module design, I/O design and manual interface design.
2. 1.2 development environment
Development tools (design tools, programming tools, testing tools, cases)
integrated development environment
2. 1.3 Examination review method
test method
appraisal procedure
Test design and management methods (injection failure, system test)
2. 1.4 Basic knowledge of project management
Make a project plan
Quality planning, management and evaluation
Process management (PERT chart, Gantt chart, work breakdown structure, schedule control, critical path)
structure management
Personnel planning and management
Document management (document specifications, change procedures)
Development organization and role (development team members, project managers)
Cost organization and risk management
2. 1.5 system auditability
Audit methods and audit clues
Incorporate auditability into the system.
2.2 knowledge of system operation and maintenance
2.2. 1 system operation
The system can run management (computer system, network)
System cost management
System operation (job scheduling, data I/O management, operation manual)
User management (ID registration and management)
Equipment and facility management (power supply, air conditioning equipment, equipment management, facility safety management)
System fault management (handling procedures, monitoring, recovery process, preventive measures)
safety management
. Performance management
System running tools (automatic operation tools, monitoring tools, diagnostic tools)
System conversion (transition to running stage, running test, version control)
System operation service standard
system maintenance
Maintenance types (perfect maintenance, corrective maintenance, adaptive maintenance and preventive maintenance)
Implementation of maintenance (daily inspection, regular maintenance, preventive maintenance, post-event maintenance and remote maintenance)
Hardware maintenance, software maintenance and maintenance contract
3. Network technology
3. 1 network architecture
. network topology
. Site inspection /RM
Application layer protocols (FTP, TELNET, SNMP, DHCP, POP, SMTP, HTTP).
Transport layer protocols (TCP, UDP)
Network layer protocol IP(IP address, subnet mask)
Data link layer protocols (ARP, RARP, PPP, SLIP)
. physical address
3.2 Coding and transmission
3.2. 1 modulation and coding
. AM, FM, PM, AM
. PCM, sampling
transmission technology
Communication mode (simplex/half duplex/full duplex, serial/parallel, 2-wire /4-wire)
Error control (CRC, Hamming code, parity check, bit error rate)
Synchronization control (start-stop synchronization, synchronization synchronization, flag synchronization, frame synchronization)
Multiplexing (FDM, TDM, WDM)
Compression and decompression methods (JEPG, MPEG, MH, MR, MMR, run length)
Transmission control
. Competition system
. Polling/selection system
Basic rules, multi-link rules, transmission control characters, line control
. High-level Data Link Control (high-level data link control)
3.2.4 switching technology (circuit switching, store and forward, packet switching, ATM switching, frame relay)
3.2.5 Public networks and leased lines
3.3 Network
3.3. 1 network classification
. Classification by geographical scope (local area network, metropolitan area network, wide area network)
. Classification by service (Internet, Intranet)
. Classification by transmission media (telephone, data, video)
Classification by telecommunication network (station, access, backbone)
local area network
. LAN topology (bus, star, token bus)
Access Control System (CSMA/ CD, Token Ring, Token Bus)
. LAN connection, LAN-WAN connection, peer-to-peer connection, point-to-point connection.
High-speed LAN technology (Gigabit Ethernet)
WLAN
3. 3. 3 Common structures
3. 3. 4 WAN and remote transmission services
Leased line service, line switching service and packet switching service.
ISDN, VPN, frame relay, ATM, IP connection service.
Satellite communication service, mobile communication service and international communication service.
3.3.5 Internet
Internet concept (Internet interconnection equipment, TCP/IP, IP routing, DNS, proxy server)
E-mail (agreement, mailing list)
. Web(HTTP, browser, URL, HTML, XML)
. File transfer (FTP)
Search engines (full-text search, directory search, intelligent search)
. QoS、CGI、VoIP
3.3.6 Access network and access technology
Network nature
Calculate line performance (transmission speed, line utilization rate, line capacity, traffic volume and flow design)
Performance assignment
Application of queuing theory
3.4 Network communication equipment
3.4. 1 transmission medium and communication cable
Wired/wireless media (twisted pair, coaxial cable, optical fiber; Radio waves, light, infrared rays)
. Distribution frame (IDF), main distribution frame (MDF)
3.4.2 All kinds of communication equipment
. Line terminal equipment, multiplexing equipment, switching equipment and switching equipment.
Line connection equipment (modem, DSU, NCU, TA, CCU, PBX)
3.5 Network connection equipment
Internet connection equipment (network card, bridge, spanning tree bridge, source routing bridge, router, repeater, hub, switch)
3.6 Network software system
3.6. 1 network operating system
Function, classification and characteristics of network operating system
Network device driver (ODI, NDIS)
Network communication system function call (socket API)
. Remote position control
. TP monitor
. distributed file system
Network equipment * * *
administration of networks
Functional domains of network management (security management, configuration management, fault management, performance management and billing management)
Network management protocols (CMIS/CMIP, SNMP, RMON, MIB-II).
Network management tools (ping, traceroute, NetXray, analyzer, sniffer)
Network management platforms (OpenView, NetView, SunNet, Manager)
Distributed network management
3.6.3 Network Applications and Services
. World Wide Web
. FTP file transfer
. A standard protocol for remote connection service or software (which can be a verb) that implements this protocol.
IR
. Online video
Network conference
distance learning
E-commerce / electronic commerce
e-government
. CSCW group
4. Network security
4. 1 safety calculation
4. 1. 1 confidentiality and integrity
. Private key and public key encryption standards (DES, IDES, RSA)
Authentication (digital signature, identity authentication)
. Honesty (sand,)
. Access control (access rights, passwords)
4. 1.2 illegal intrusion and virus protection
. firewall
. intrusion detection
. Virtual private network, VLAN
Security protocols (IPSec, SSL, ETS, PGP, S-HTTP, TLS).
. Hardware security
Computer virus protection
4. 1.3 Availability
. Backup and recovery of files
4. 1.4 safety protection
Personal information control
anonymous
. Untraceable
4. 1.5 LAN security
Availability of network equipment
Coping with natural disasters
environmental safety
. UPS
4.2 Risk management
Risk analysis and assessment
Risk response measures
Risk prevention (risk transfer, risk fund, computer insurance)
Accident plan (accident category, action plan for handling accidents)
4.2.3 Internal control
Safety rules and regulations
. Security policy and security management
5. Standardization knowledge
5. 1 formulation and acquisition of standards
5. 1. 1 standard formulation and acquisition process
5. 1.2 standardization of environmental and safety assessment
5.2 Standardization of information system infrastructure
5.2. 1 standard
International standards (ISO, IEC) and American standards (ANSI).
national standard
Industry standards and enterprise standards
5.2.2 Open systems (X/Open, OSF, POSIX)
5.2.3 Data exchange standard (EDIFACT, SETP, XML)
safty standard
Information system security measures
Computer antivirus standard
Computer anti-illegal access standard
. CC standard
. information security certification
5.3 Standardization Organization
International Organization for Standardization (ISO, IEC, IETF, IEEE, IAB, W3C)
American organization for standardization
European organization for standardization
China National Standardization Committee
3. Basic knowledge of informatization
Information consciousness
Global informatization trend, national informatization strategy, enterprise informatization strategy and strategy.
Basic knowledge of enterprise information resource management
Internet-related laws and regulations knowledge
Personal information protection rules
4. Computer English
Master the basic vocabulary of computer technology
Be able to read and understand English materials in computer field correctly. 1. 1 network system requirements analysis.
Analysis of application requirements of 1. 1. 1
Survey of application requirements (application system performance, information industry and receiving point, data volume and frequency, data type and data flow direction)
Network application analysis
1. 1.2 Analysis of existing network system
Investigate the existing network system structure (number and location of servers, number and location of clients, number of simultaneous accesses, number of users per day). Time of each use, data quantity of each data transmission, period of network congestion, adopted protocol, communication mode)
Analysis of existing network architecture
1. 1.3 demand analysis
. Functional requirements (functions to be realized)
Communication requirements (desired communication mode)
. Performance requirements (desired performance)
. Reliability requirements (expected reliability)
. Safety requirements (safety standards)
Maintenance and operation requirements (operation and maintenance costs)
. Management Requirements (Management Policy)
Design of 1.2 network system
1.2. 1 investigation and evaluation of technology and products
gather information
Comparative study on adopted technology and products
Key points of comparison of adopted technology and equipment
1.2.2 design of network system
Confirm agreement
Determine the topological structure
. Determine the connection (communication performance of the link)
Determine the node (the processing capacity of the node)
Determining the performance of the network (performance simulation)
. Measures to determine reliability
Determine the safety measures (investigate the safety measures and evaluate the technology and equipment to realize the safety measures)
The selection of network equipment, the formulation of selection criteria (cost, performance, capacity, throughput and delay), the consistency of performance indicators, the necessity of advanced testing, and the confirmation of interconnection.
1.2.3 new network business operation plan
1.2.4 design review
Construction and test of 1.3 network system
Install 1.3. 1
Prepare in advance
Process supervision
1.3.2 testing and evaluation
. Connection test
. Safety test
performance test
1.3.3 Work plan for switching to the new network
2. Operation, maintenance, management and evaluation of network system
2. 1 network system operation and maintenance
2. 1. 1 user metric
User management, user training and user consultation
2. 1.2 Formulate maintenance and upgrade strategies and plans.
Determine the strategy
Establishment of equipment
Review time
. Upgrade time
2. 1.3 Implementation of maintenance and upgrade
Key points of external contract
Internal realization point
2. 1.4 backup and data recovery
Data storage and processing
. support
. data recovery
2. 1.5 network system configuration management
facility management
software management
Network configuration diagram
2.2 Management of network system
2.2. 1 network system monitoring
Network management protocols (SNMP, MIB-2, RMON)
Using tools to monitor network performance (LAN controller)
Use tools to monitor network failures.
Using tools to monitor network security (intrusion detection system)
. Checkpoints for performance monitoring
Home inspection of safety monitoring
Fault recovery analysis
Key points of fault analysis (LAN monitoring program)
Main points of troubleshooting
Key points of writing fault report
2.2.3 system performance analysis
Key points of system performance
2.2.4 Countermeasures for potential safety hazards
Analysis of potential safety hazards (investigating losses, collecting safety information and finding out the reasons)
Key points of intrusion detection
Key points of dealing with computer virus (virus killing measures)
2.3 Evaluation of network system
2.3. 1 system evaluation
Limitation of system capacity
Analysis of potential problems
Key points of system evaluation
2.3.2 Suggestions for system improvement
System life cycle
System economic benefit
Scalability of the system
The key points of improving the system are put forward.
3. Implementation technology of network system
3. 1 network protocol
Commercial network protocols (SNA/APPN, IPX/SPX, AppleTalk, TCP/IP).
Commercial protocol (XML, CORBA, COM/DCOM, EJB)
. Web services (WSDL, SOAP, UDDI)
3.2 Reliability design
Hardware high reliability technology
Software high reliability technology
High reliability technology of system maintenance
fault-tolerant technique
. Communication quality
3.3 Network facilities
3.3. 1xDSL modem
SDN router
. connect
. Function (non-communication control function, NAT function)
3. 3. 3 Frame assembly/disassembly and cladding assembly/disassembly
. connect
. function
Remote access server
. Functions and mechanisms
3.3.5 Office Personal Handheld System (PHS)
Functional characteristics of digital cordless telephone
Relay hub
. Two-speed hub (function and mechanism)
3.3.7 Functions and mechanisms of L2L2, L3, L4 and multilayer switches
3.3.8IP router function and control
3.3.9 Virtual Network (Function and Mechanism)
3.3. 10 and other protocols (multi-protocol router, IP tunnel)
3.4 Network application services
3.4 1 address service
. Mechanism, DHCP, IPv6 (mechanism and transmission technology)
3.4.2DNS (function, mechanism)
. Domain name, FQDN
3.4.3 E-mail (function, mechanism)
. SMPT, pop music, mime, IMAP4, LDAP
. Mailing list
. Internet mail
3.4.4 Electronic News (Function and Mechanism, NNTP)
3. 4. 5 Network service (function and mechanism, HTTP)
3.4.6 Load Distribution (Network Switching)
3.4.7 Electronic authentication (function, mechanism, authentication authorization, electronic certificate)
3.4.8 Service mechanism
Service provider, provider roaming service, dial-up IP connection, CATV connection, IPD telephone, Internet broadcasting, e-commerce, e-government, mobile communication, EZweb, host service provider, EDI (rules, forms, web
EDI), B2B, B2C, ASP, data center
4. New network technology
4. 1 optical fiber network
. ATM-PDS、STM-PDS
passive optical network, pon
4.2 Wireless Network
Mobile phone system (WLL, WCDMA, CMDA2000, TD-SCDMA)
High-speed fixed wireless access (FWA)
. 802. 1 1a、802. 1 1b、802. 1 1g
. Microwave access (MMDS LMDS)
Satellite access
Bluetooth access
4.3 backbone network
. IPoverSONET/SDH
. IPoverOptical
. IPoverDWDM
4.4 Communication Services
All-weather IP connection service (leased line IP)
. Local IP network (NAPT)
. IPv6
4.5 Network management
Network management based on TMN
Network management based on CORBA
4.6 grid computing