Introduction to the principle of reference line segment;
Electronic signature refers to the data contained in the data message in electronic form and accompanied by data used to identify the identity of the signer and show that the signer approves its content. Generally speaking, an electronic signature is an electronic signature of an electronic document through cryptographic technology, which is similar to a handwritten signature or seal, and can also be said to be an electronic seal, rather than a digital visualization of a written signature.
Electronic signature is data in electronic form, which is associated with data message (electronic document, electronic information) to identify the identity of the signer and show that the signer approves the content of the data message. Electronic signature is an online identity authentication system based on international PKI standard, and digital certificate is equivalent to online identity card. Through the third-party authoritative authentication of digital signature, it can effectively authenticate online identity, help each subject identify each other's identity and show their own identity, and has the functions of authenticity and anti-denial. Different from physical ID cards, digital certificates also have the characteristics of security, confidentiality and tamper resistance, which can effectively protect and securely transmit information transmitted by enterprises on the Internet.
In e-commerce activities, contracts or documents are expressed and transmitted in the form of electronic documents. In electronic documents, the traditional handwritten signature and seal can not be realized, and it must be replaced by technical means, so as to identify the true identity of the party or person in charge of the unit in electronic documents, ensure the security and authenticity of the transaction, and play the same role as handwritten signature or seal, so it must be realized by electronic signature.
It can be seen that electronic signature has three main functions: one is to prove the source of the document, that is, to identify the signer; The second is to show the signer's confirmation of the contents of the document; The third is to form the basis for the signatory to be responsible for the correctness and completeness of the document content. It has the same effect as the signature and seal in traditional business activities and has the same legal effect.
Do you study abroad? Students? I am going to apply for next year's. The schools I applied to are all good. You can do it instead of the referee to avoid people's troubles. A letter of recommendation is signed three times, and more than a dozen schools are also working hard! You can submit it on his behalf, and he can forward it to you if he doesn't want to fill in the verification email, which saves you a lot of trouble.