The Battle of Kaloden, also known as the Battle of Drummond in Deramaux. 1746 The final battle of James Party rebellion. 1746 The Battle of Kaloden was the last struggle of James Party on the British Island and the last large-scale rebellion of Scottish Highland tribes.

The result ended in the British killing James party member and Highland Tribe.

This battle is often turned into another brave heart by a nosy person. It is the resistance of the oppressed weak against the powerful oppressors, the intergenerational confrontation between cold weapons and hot weapons, and the continuation of Scottish medieval romanticism in the18th century.

But is this really the case?

Let's talk about the strength of both sides in the Battle of Carloden. Surrounded by white roses, the troops reached more than 7,000, 12 cannon, while the British army on the other side was more than 8,000, 16 cannon.

Obviously, as far as the strength of both sides is concerned, at least it is not evenly matched.

The Battle of Kaloden is an intergenerational confrontation between cold weapons and hot weapons, which is a big lie. Anyone who knows the composition of James Party's army will never believe this ignorant statement.

American Bonnie Prince Charlie, who commanded the James Party army, was not born and raised in England, but his father was the son of King James II of Stuart Dynasty. His mother is a Polish princess, and he was born in Rome.

He landed on the British island in 1745, not from the sky, but returned from France by two warships carrying 82 guns. Along with the ship came the support of France-1000 mercenaries with low cadastre, French nationality, Scottish nationality and Irish nationality.

Those mercenaries are the main force of Prince Charles. Since the end of the British civil war in the last century, a large number of Scots and Irish people suspected of treason have been living on the European continent as mercenaries. In France and Spain, foreign infantry regiments with Scottish or Irish nationality are willing to take part in any cause against the Hanover royal family. With the help of France, Charles III's family recruited them.

Low-ranking mercenaries are well-known mercenaries in Europe, and the employment price is much higher than that of their Hessians. France has provided some officers and technicians.

Irish and Scots, lowlands and French all use firearms and are familiar with the popular lineup tactics in Europe.

Shortly after Charles III landed, he got the support of some British soldiers serving in the Scottish government. By the time the Battle of Kaloden broke out, the professional soldiers of James Party had reached more than 2,000.

7,000 people MINUS 2,000 people, and the remaining 5,000 people are Scottish Highland tribal warriors who support Prince Charles. Different from everyone's impression, these unruly highland tribal warriors are equipped with much more guns than they are equipped with cold weapons.

Before the16th century, tribal warriors in the Scottish Highlands used to carry heavy axes and two-handed swords and launch surprise attacks on the enemy in dense formations on the battlefield.

After entering the17th century, due to the wide application of firearms, highland people abandoned heavy axes and two-handed swords and picked up light-handed swords and small round shields.

In order to better cope with the challenge of firearms, these soldiers who are skilled in using cold weapons have also begun to equip themselves with pistols and rifles in moderation.

Their strategy has also changed. Instead of launching a surprise attack in a dense infantry phalanx, they developed into a small formation composed of 10 to dozens of soldiers according to their kinship. Quite a few of them are equipped with rifles and pistols, and then these small formations form a loose and generous team. However, they didn't give up their reckless habit, and they still loved assault. They like to occupy high ground or uphill positions in order to launch an avalanche charge from the commanding heights to the enemy in the Middle Ages.

When they rush to the effective range of muskets 50 to 60 yards away from the enemy, soldiers with muskets among them will shoot at the enemy sporadically, and then receive a volley from the enemy that is enough to knock down hundreds of people. Usually, if the highland people can withstand this instant blow with huge casualties, then they will rush into the enemy's horizontal line as they wish and launch a cold weapon war with the enemy.

Before there were bayonets, it was hard to resist the charge of highland people. Before the Battle of Kaloden, Highlanders had set a legendary record of 800 defeats against 2,000 British troops.

After the Battle of Kaloden, the British army seized more than 2,000 musket parts, only 190 handguns, while searching for the spoils of the dead (mainly highland people, who died the most on the front line).

Then why did the James Party, which also had a large number of firearms and professional fighters, suffer such a heavy defeat in the Battle of Kaloden, with thousands of people lying dead in the wilderness and only hundreds of British soldiers killed? This is inseparable from the stupidity of Prince Charles, commander of James Party.

These fatal mistakes led to the subsequent fiasco.

The uneven terrain makes highland people unable to give full play to the strength of highland charge. They can only approach the British army with bullets and shrapnel, and then they can do nothing in front of the British army that has been equipped with bayonets. The retreating highlands created an avalanche effect, and the professional soldiers in the second line were scattered by the defeated army without firing a shot.

The remorseful Prince Charles abandoned his supporters in England and fled back to France, ending the farce. In the following decades, the James Party was no longer able to launch a rebellion like 1745, and Hanover House was in an antai position.

Prince Charles did not accept the correct advice of his officers about retreating. Instead, they listened to the wishes of highland tribal chiefs, quickly fought to the death with the English, chose the battlefield in the open wilderness criss-crossing the city walls, swamps and grasslands, deployed highland people in the first line, actively attacked the British army that had built a complete field position, and led professional soldiers to fight in the second line.