Detailed explanation of the format of calligraphy works?

⒈Doufang?

A style of Chinese calligraphy and painting. Shaped in a square shape. Usually four-foot rice paper is cut into two pieces, two feet high and two feet wide. You can also cut the four-foot rice paper into eight pieces, which is called "xiaopin doufang" or "doufang Xiaopin". ?

Doufang is a square work written in vertical lines. The written content is generally four to six lines. Because there are many rows and columns, the layout of the chapter should place great emphasis on the size, opening and closing, echo and rhythm changes of the top, bottom, left and right. When creating, pay attention to the primary and secondary relationship between the main text and the inscription. The inscription is generally smaller than the main text and should be natural and vivid.

The signature can be written below the last line of text, and there should be room for layout. The bottom of the paragraph is generally not flush with the main text to avoid rigidity in form. You can also occupy another line or two lines after the main text, and the top and bottom should not be flush with the main text. The seal should be smaller than the characters and should be separated by more than one character. ?

⒉Three-open?

A style of Chinese calligraphy and painting. Rectangular in shape, varying sizes. If four feet of rice paper is cut into three parts, it is called four feet and three parts. If five-foot rice paper is cut into three parts, it is called five-foot three-part. By analogy, the same three-foot-long painting has different sizes. A four-foot three-foot painting is generally a three-foot screen (actually it is two feet seven inches, one-third of the eight-square-foot market). Five feet three squares is one-third of twelve square feet, and the area of ??each square is four feet. ?

⒊Opposite frame?

A style of mounting Chinese calligraphy and painting. Usually two paintings are hung in pairs. For example, calligraphy pairs are called "character pairs" or "couples". There are "painting pairs" in Ming and Qing paintings, which are two screen strips of equal size hung in pairs. There are also hanging scroll paintings in the middle of the hall, with "pairs of characters" hanging on both sides, or hanging scrolls of calligraphy in the middle, and "pairs of paintings" hanging on both sides. ?

⒋Nave?

The nave is a rectangular work with vertical writing. The size is generally a piece of rice paper (divided into four feet, five feet, six feet, eight feet, etc., of which the small nave is 68CM×45CM). Because

the size is relatively large, the creator needs to have sophisticated techniques and the ability to grasp the overall layout of the work. When creating, pay attention to the primary and secondary relationship between the text and the signature, so that they are differentiated and shine accordingly. Don't be too pretentious when signing your signature. The signature can be written below the last line of text, and there should be room for layout.

The bottom of the paragraph is generally not flush with the main text to avoid rigidity in form. You can also occupy another line or several lines after the main text. The top and bottom should not be flush with the main text. The seal should be smaller than the inscription, and the seal should generally be placed at least one character away from the inscription, either below the inscription or to the left of the inscription. ?

⒌Banners?

A banner is a long work written in vertical lines. The size is generally one piece of rice paper cut into half. When arranging the composition, you should be able to carefully conceive according to the characteristics of the book style and have a new idea. When creating, pay attention to the primary and secondary relationship between the text and the signature. The signature should be well-proportioned, natural and vivid. The signature can be written below the last line of text, and there should be room for layout.

The bottom of the paragraph is generally not flush with the main text to avoid rigidity in form. You can also occupy another line or two lines after the main text. The top and bottom should not be flush with the main text. The seal should be smaller than the inscription, and the seal should generally be placed at least one character away from the inscription. It can also be stamped to the left of the inscription.

Extended information

If you want to write well, you must first improve your aesthetic awareness, that is, know what kind of writing looks better and why it looks good; secondly, you must be able to use the pen in your own hand. Writing the beautiful shapes you want to write is your ability to control the pen, which is also the basic skill of writing.

So if you have a certain sense of aesthetics and certain basic skills, you will definitely be able to write well! Whether it is to improve aesthetic awareness or to strengthen the training of basic skills, it is required to read more, write more, and think more, so as to be aware of the eyes, hands, and heart. There are no shortcuts to practicing calligraphy.

So what kind of characters are considered good-looking characters? The quality of a character is nothing more than its lines and frame structure; for a character, in addition to a single character, it must be beautiful. In addition, it also depends on its layout (i.e. organization).

Beautiful lines should explain the ins and outs clearly, write smoothly and freely, and have appropriate priorities. They should present beautiful shapes and expressions, be full of vitality, be light or heavy, slow or fast, hard or soft, and be natural. . And lines that are unclear, dull and hesitant, and unstable are naturally unsightly.

The frame structure is the combination of strokes in a word, such as the length, straightness, angle of placement of strokes, the spacing between strokes, thickness (heavy and heavy), the relationship between before and after, etc. For beginners, it is advisable to first seek symmetry and dignity in the structure of the characters, and then consider changes according to needs and personal habits and hobbies (personality).

Layout, also called "composition", is the arrangement of words. Such as the size, shape, arrangement and angle of the characters, the correspondence between up, down, left and right, etc. As far as brush calligraphy is concerned, the shades of ink and changes in dryness and wetness must also be considered, but these can be ignored in practical hard-pen calligraphy.

As far as general and practical writing is concerned, the composition layout should achieve two points:

First, in a row or column, the center of gravity of each word should be basically on the same straight line; The second step is to slightly differentiate the size and shape of the characters. Generally speaking, characters with more strokes should be written more compactly and the lines should be as thin as possible, characters with few strokes should be written loosely, and characters with small shapes should have thicker lines. But generally speaking, characters with more strokes are still larger, and characters with fewer strokes are smaller.

However, some strokes with few but stretched strokes can also be written larger, such as the vertical strokes of the character "中", the horizontal strokes of the character "安", the strokes of the character "人", etc. , it can vary according to the matching needs of the preceding and following characters. In regular script, the difference in size of characters is not very obvious; in running script, the difference in size can be very obvious, and in some cursive scripts it is even more obvious.

In addition, appropriately exaggerating the main strokes of individual words in running script will also have a vivid and beautiful effect on the entire article. For example, in Mao Zedong's calligraphy, the size of the characters changes greatly, and they are well-proportioned, majestic, and have a unique majestic momentum.

Now that you know how to write more beautifully, go and practice it! Practice with interest, practice diligently, and copy frequently. You can not only strengthen your ability to control the pen, but also learn other people's good writing methods. Read more copybooks and copy repeatedly. Practice makes perfect. This is the best method. As long as you insist on doing this, you will definitely gain a lot and have fun doing it!

You may not know that practicing calligraphy will bring unexpected gains to your life! Or it will improve your life from now on! In fact, it’s not impossible to say, but it’s certain that there are many benefits to practicing calligraphy. For example, it will be of great benefit to improve your writing skills, such as it will be of great benefit to the improvement of your personality, etc. Here, due to the length, It's limited, so I won't go into details here. I'll experience it in my future calligraphy practice.

Tools, materials and pens

Just use ordinary paper to practice calligraphy. Of course, when writing with a pen, it is required that the paper does not bleed. The pen used for calligraphy practice is also an ordinary pen. It is best for the pen to have smoother water flow, especially when using carbon ink. It should be washed frequently with clean water, because carbon ink can easily clump and clog the pen. When using a pen, be sure to put on the pen cover in time when not writing to avoid moisture evaporation and ink clumping that could clog the pen.

There are different opinions about the method of holding a brush. For brushes, there is a saying that "there is no fixed method for holding a brush", and some people say that "beginners should hold the brush tighter to practice strength. Once they are proficient, they should be able to loosen it from time to time." The time is tight and the pen can be moved freely." Even if the part where you hold the pen is different, the shape of the written words will be very different.

For hard pens, the general way to hold the pen is to hold the pen with the middle finger at the bottom, and hold the pen with the index finger and thumb at the top to control the pen. It will be comfortable and natural to write, with the pen pointing towards the direction. Can be used freely in all directions. The pen holding position is low, and the ability to control the pen is enhanced, but it is difficult to stretch it when writing.

The higher the writing position, the more difficult it will be to control the pen. However, writing long, stretched strokes will help you move the pen more freely. Therefore, you have to think carefully, experience it carefully, and find a pen-holding method that suits you.

You might as well take a pen and give it a try. Write some easy-to-write words on the manuscript paper. Big or small, fast or slow, hold the pen tightly or lightly, or hold it low. Point or hold higher, try more and see if you can use it freely. By doing this often, not only can you find a suitable writing method for you, but you can also move your wrist, become familiar with the writing style, and achieve better coordination and unity of your hands, eyes, and heart.

When writing, sitting posture is also very important. Feet are stable, head is upright, chest is straight, arms are open, and abdomen is drawn in. This is the best sitting posture for learning, and it is naturally what should be followed when writing. Some people can write correctly only by placing the paper at an angle. If they put the paper upright, the writing will be crooked. This is just a matter of habit. This habit can be broken through gradual and step-by-step correction. In the end, the head, body, eyes, paper, etc. should all be straight.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Hard Pen Calligraphy