Plant specimens are an important means of plant teaching and scientific research. Making plant specimens is one of the main contents of biology teaching and one of the skills that students must master. The main process of making plant specimens is the process of collecting, sorting, mounting, labeling and numbering. Several plant specimens are introduced as follows: 1. Specimen collection 1. Choose roots, leaves, stems, flowers and fruits as much as possible. Because flowers and fruits are the main basis for identifying plants, at the same time, we should try our best to keep the integrity of specimens. Collect short herbs and dig them out by the roots. If the specimen is tall, it can be divided into upper, middle and lower sections, so that they have roots, leaves and flowers (fruits) respectively, and then combined into a specimen. 2. Be representative. To collect healthy plants growing in normal environment, it is not abnormal or diseased plants, but typical branches that can represent plant characteristics, not long branches, budding branches and dense branches. 3. Protect the collected plants. Put the collected specimens into the collection box. If the plant is soft, it should be padded with toilet paper and pressed in the specimen holder. 4. Label the collected specimens, indicate the place, date and name of the collector, and write down the growth environment and morphological characteristics of plants such as land, pool, sunny, smell, color, flower shape and milk. Two, wax leaf plant specimens can be divided into two types: surface paper type and fixed type. 1. Desk paper tools: specimen holder, scissors, knife, notebook, pen. Materials: desk paper, labels, papyrus paper (or newspaper) Put one side of the specimen folder on the table, spread several layers of papyrus paper with good water absorption, put the collected specimens on the paper, and tidy them up, mainly by flattening the front of branches, leaves and flowers upward. Longer specimens can be folded in two or three folds, then labeled and covered with several layers of papyrus, so that each specimen can be placed at intervals of several layers of papyrus. Take it to the sun to dry, and replace the wet paper in the specimen folder with hay paper every certain time (24 hours) for about 5 days, and the specimen will be completely dry. Finally, fix the dried specimen on the surface paper, replace it with a new specimen, and fill in the name of the plant, the place and date of collection and the name of the collector on the specimen. In this way, a paper mill specimen is ready. 2. Box tools: ruler, scissors, knife, adhesive material: hard transparent plastic plate, absorbent paper, transparent adhesive. Prune the collected plant specimens with branches and knives, and cut off the lush branches and flowers. Small plants can keep the whole plant, and the height of the plant specimens taken is generally 25 cm. Brush each part of the specimen lightly in clean water with a brush, then put it on absorbent paper and dry it in a cool and ventilated place. Measure the size according to the size of the selected specimen, cut the transparent plastic plate from the box cover and the side cover with a knife, measure out a piece of cardboard (plywood) as the bottom plate, and then stick it into a transparent box-shaped specimen box with adhesive. Put the dried plants into the specimen box, glue them on the bottom plate with transparent glue, and label and number them, as well as the collector, collection place and date. Three, flower specimen making tools: branch scissors, 500ml beaker, larger glass bottle, Petri dish materials: 8 # iron wire, wooden base, silica gel, cardboard, paper clip, take a section of 8 # iron wire to hover, then pull one end of the plate in the middle to make the iron wire spiral, then insert the pulled iron wire into the flower handle, enclose a cylinder with cardboard, and clamp it with paper clip. Then put it into a large container, remove the cardboard tube, and spread the silica gel to expose the dehydrated dried flowers. Insert the dried flowers and iron wire into the wooden base, put them in a glass bottle, cover them and seal them with wax. The dried flower specimen is made. Label, place and date of collection and name of collector. Iv. making specimens of ferns ferns have the physiological characteristics of alternating generations, and plants of sporophyte (asexual generation) and gametophyte (sexual generation) should be collected. Summer and autumn are suitable for sporophyte collection. The whole plant can be collected, and the sporophyte and the feathers with sporangium groups on the sporophyte can be pressed into wax leaf specimens. The original Ye Qun and the original Ye Qun with young sporophytes should be made into soaking specimens. Specimens can be treated in 5% copper sulfate solution for one day and night, washed with clean water after being taken out, put into a bottle with a nozzle and injected with 5% formalin solution, and then sealed with wax for preservation. Bind the prepared sporophyte wax leaf specimen and gametophyte soaked specimen in the same specimen box in turn, and label them. V. Preservation of plant specimens 1. Preservation in the dark. When exposed to sunlight, the specimen is easy to change color and lose its primary color. 2. Store at low temperature. It is best to make the temperature of the specimen room not more than 28 degrees Celsius and not less than zero degrees Celsius. If the temperature is too high, the specimen will be deformed, juicy and rotten. If the temperature is too low, the color of the specimen will change and shrink. 3. The storage time should not be too long. 4. Prevent the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria and avoid moving frequently. Do a good job in the specimen cabinet and put the specimens on the shelf to save the reference materials /question/27259929.html? Si= 1 I'm exhausted from typing such a long article. You didn't invite me to dinner. Thank you too. Thank me ~ ~ Xiaoxiang