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Wang Yue-Du Fu

What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is! Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.

The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north.

Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy, and birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. ..

Try to climb to the top of the mountain: it dwarfs all the peaks under our feet.

Mount Tai is famous for its profound cultural connotation. Literati and writers of all ages came here to visit and left many poems. But since Du Fu's poem "Looking at Yue" came out, when it comes to Mount Tai, people often think of this masterpiece first. Today, there are four stone carvings of the poem "Looking at Yue" on Mount Tai, and many people collect its poems, which shows the popularity of this poem.

Wang Yue was written in the 24th year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (736). Yue: The height of the mountain is called Yue, especially Mount Tai in Dongyue. Young Du Fu enthusiastically praised the majestic atmosphere of Mount Tai with this poem, and at the same time showed his lofty aspirations.

Interpretation of Poetry: Mount Tai is majestic and the green hills are endless. Nature concentrates all the wonders of Zhong Ling here. The mountains in the south and the mountains in the north are divided into dusk and day. Looking at the clouds rising in Ran Ran in the mountains, it purified my soul and followed the birds returning to the mountains at dusk. I must climb the top of Mount Tai and overlook the mountains, which will be extremely small.

Work information

Name: Deng Yueyang Tower Year: Three Years of Dali (AD 768) Author: Du Fu Style: Five-character Rhyme

original work

Climbing Yueyang Tower I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time, and now I have finally climbed this building. Wu Chu ② southeast tile ③, I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth ④. But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news, saying that I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat. There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and tears are shed by leaning on the porch.

Annotation translation

Note ① Yueyang Tower: It is a tourist attraction beside Dongting Lake in Yueyang City, Hunan Province. ② Wu Chu: the names of two countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, located in the areas of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Teal: It's cracked. The vast Wu Chu is separated by Dongting Lake. ③ chè: Split, split. This refers to Dongting Lake, which separates Wu Chu from other places and is very open. ④ qián kūn (a kind of "night") floats: the sun, the moon, the stars and the earth float on Dongting Lake day and night. Volume 38 of Notes to the Water Classics says, "The lake is more than 500 miles wide, and the sun and the moon haunt it." Gan Kun: It originally refers to heaven and earth. Here refers to the sun and the moon. ⑤ Old illness: Du Fu is 57 years old, suffering from lung disease and hearing loss in his right ear. There is a lone boat: it is uncertain that there is only one leaf falling. The poet spent his old age on a boat. This sentence is about Du Fu's life. ⑥ North of Maguan Mountain in Rong (róng): At that time, Tubo invaded Lingwu in Ningxia and Bonism in Shaanxi, and the imperial court was shaken, and the troops were quickly mobilized to guard against the enemy. Charger: War. In autumn and winter this year, Tubo once again invaded Longyou and Guanzhong areas. 7 leaning against the corridor: leaning against the window. Tears flow: tears can't help flowing. Snoring: tears and runny nose indicate tears. 8: This refers to letters. Drifting to Yueyang, I boarded the Yueyang Tower that I have been longing for for for a long time today. Facing the vast Dongting Lake, it seems that the whole world floats on the lake day and night. There are no relatives around, the old, the weak and the sick, and only the boat is drifting. The country was plagued by war, and I couldn't help crying. Although I am sad, I am not depressed. Dongting Lake, which has heard so much about it for a long time, finally arrived at Yueyang Tower today. The vast and spectacular Great Lakes divide Wu Chu into two southeast regions, where the sun, moon, stars and the earth float day and night. No news from relatives or friends. I am old and sick, and I am wandering alone. The northern border war broke out again, and I leaned against the window and burst into tears.

works appreciation

In the third year of Dali (768), Du Fu left the gorge and drifted between the two lakes, and drifted in Jiangling, Gongan and other places because of the mutiny. This poem is about climbing Yueyang Tower and looking at my hometown. The poet wrote that the extraordinary momentum of Wang Yang in Dongting is a touching work. The first couplet was famous for Dongting, but it was not until the next year that the wish to witness the famous lake was realized. On the surface, it is the joy of climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time. In fact, I want to express my feelings that my early ambitions have not been realized so far. Zhuan Xu is a vast Dongting. The neck couplet is about the feeling that political life is bumpy, wandering around the world and talents are not met. At the end of the couplet, I wrote the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and not being able to serve the country. Although the scenery is only two sentences, it shows exquisite skills. Although the lyrics are desolate and lonely, they are naturally effortless. The rhyme of the whole poem is accurate, and it is set off before and after, which is seamless.

Appreciate a couplet interwoven with reality and compared with the past and the present, thus expanding the field of time and space. I have heard about the fame of Dongting for a long time, but it was not until my twilight years that I realized my wish to see this famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. In the final analysis, it is to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake. Zhuan Xu is a vast Dongting. Dongting Lake is full of Wu Chu, the sun and the moon are floating, and the waves lift the sky and are boundless. I don't know how many clouds the old man swallowed in his chest! This is a quatrain about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "a hero spanning the present". The scenery is so magnificent that it is dizzying. The neck couplet is about the feeling that political life is bumpy, wandering around the world and powerless. "But no news of relatives or friends reached me" didn't get any help in spirit and material aspects; Since Kuizhou took his wife and children out of the gorge by boat in the first month of the third year of Dali, he roamed Hunan, taking the boat as his home, and the future was boundless, where to settle down. Facing Wang Yang in Dongting Lake, his sense of loneliness and crisis has increased. Self-narration is so lonely that it contains infinite affection in the sudden change and contrast of the extremely stuffy poetic realm. At the end of the couplet, I wrote the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and not being able to serve the country. There is a blank between the upper and lower sentences, which is memorable. The "past" beginning with "I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time" can certainly cover the poet's activities in Chang 'an area for more than ten years. And this, in space, can be compared with "Guanshanbei". You Xuan and Today echoed from beginning to end. Note: Zhuan Xu is a famous sentence in this poem, because this sentence is not only authentic, but also imaginative (or exaggerated), which makes the magnificent weather of Dongting Lake leap from the page.

Appreciation II In the third year of Tang Daizong's Dali period (768), Du Fu left Kuizhou for the Three Gorges, stayed at Yueyang Gate in the twelfth lunar month at dusk, climbed the building and overlooked it, touching the scene and writing this poem. "I've heard a lot about Dongting Lake, and now I'm on this tower." Yesterday's News described my admiration for the lakes and mountains of Dongting Lake in the past, Today's Meeting explained the time, and The Story of Yueyang Tower pointed out the place, and wrote that in my twilight years, I was able to climb Yueyang Tower and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake. Today, the past two sentences are intertextual, and places of interest have long been heard. You can see them now, and you will live quickly. "There is the Kingdom of Wu in the east and the State of Chu in the south, and we can see the endless floating of heaven and earth." Looking at Dongting Lake with heartfelt joy is really boundless, chopping Wu Chu and swallowing the sun, moon and stars. It is magnificent and colorful. "But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat." As soon as I turned the pen, I came back to reality, thinking that I had been isolated from my relatives and friends for a long time from Chengdu to Hunan, on the upright river, and I never heard from them again. Besides, I am 57 years old, sick and lonely. Here, my loneliness is in sharp contrast with the vastness of Shanglian Lake, showing my pain more and more. "There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and beside this railing, how can I not cry? "The poet's broad mind. The poet shed tears because of his tragic life experience, and more importantly, he looked at the northern border where the war was not peaceful and the country was in danger. This is the real reason for the poet's sadness. This poem uses the technique of writing sadness with joy. The language is simple and natural, the artistic conception is profound and profound, and the feelings are sincere and tortuous, which makes people feel sad and lonely, and the war is constantly leaving, and the sigh is heartbreaking.

Comment on this poem is a masterpiece of five laws in Du Fu's poems, with broad artistic conception and profound style. The predecessors called it the first of the five laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. On the whole, the grandeur of mountains and rivers and the breadth of the poet's mind are both inside and outside the poem. Although sad, but not depressed; Although depressed, but not depressed. In the Song Dynasty, Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Cai Taiwa's Xiqing Poetry as saying: "Dongting is a grand view, and there are many people who wrote it in the past dynasties ... However, if Meng Haoran's" a cloud rises from a dream valley and has been besieging Yueyang City "is not true, the Dongting is vast and the weather is magnificent, just like in front of him. It is impossible to read Du Zimei's poems. There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many clouds and dreams in his chest. "The whole poem is pure fu, and it is a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars thought that poetry used fu method, which had no image and poetic flavor. In fact, Fu is an important way to visualize poetry, which is characterized by not paying attention to the language of poetry and the visualization of local things, but paying attention to creating the overall artistic conception of poetry. " "The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower" is a model of shaping artistic image by using fu method. The artistic realm it has reached has made people feel that there is no artistic method or even language, but the poet's thoughts and feelings directly hit the soul.

Brief introduction of the author

Du Fu (AD 7 12~770), Han nationality, was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). He, together with Du Gongbu, Du Shibei and Du Shaoling, called Shaoling an old man at night. He was a great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who died young for the country and the people, and was a world cultural celebrity. He was also called "Du Li" with Li Bai. Du Fu's ancestral home is Xiangyang (now Xiangfan City, Hubei Province). His distant ancestor is Du Yu, a famous poet in the Jin Dynasty, and his ancestor is Du Yu, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Du Fu himself was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongyi, Zhengzhou). Du Fu was originally Zuo Shiyi and Yuan Wailang, and later he was called Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, and his poems mostly involved social unrest, political darkness and people's sufferings. His poems are called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was concerned about the country and the people, with noble personality and exquisite poetic skills, and was called "Poet Saint" by later gods. Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his life, many of which are famous works that have been handed down through the ages, such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Du Gongbu Collection. Among them, the "three officials" are Shi Haoguan, Xin 'an official and Tongguan official, and the "three farewell" are newly married, homeless and resigned. Du Fu's poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations.

Creation background

This five-character poem was written one year before the poet's death, that is, the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768). In the winter of the third year of Dali, Du Fu drifted all the way from Jiangling and Gongan to Yueyang and boarded the Yueyang Tower, which he had been longing for for for a long time. Facing the vast and magnificent Dongting Lake, the poet sincerely admired it. Then I feel sad when I think that I am still wandering outside in my later years and the country is troubled. Generally speaking, the grandeur of mountains and rivers is quite different from the grandeur of the poet's mind, so he is sad but not depressed, depressed but not depressed. Yueyang Tower in the West Gate of Yueyang City, Hunan Province is one of the four famous buildings in China (the other three are Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge and Stork Tower in Nanchang, and the last one is said to be Penglai Pavilion and Yuewanglou). In the fourth year of Tang Kaiyuan, Zhang Shuo, secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, worked in this state and often went to the building with talented people to compose poems, which made it famous and became a world-famous cultural building.