Efficiency pressure is piled on the courier.

Some time ago, a takeaway Liu set himself on fire. His family asked for help from the Water Drop Fund. I looked sad and donated some money.

The money raised by the water drop was 500 thousand, which was raised soon. According to reports, the cause of the incident may be that he said that the unit owed him about 5,000 yuan in salary, and he didn't want to live until he got it.

Readers in front of the screen may think that 5000 yuan is nothing. As for it, is it so hard? But, you know, 5000 yuan is not a small sum for him. The takeaway wife is sick and the youngest daughter is still at school. Six or seven thousand a month's salary is not spent.

From August, 20 18 to February, 20 19, the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Youth League commissioned a research team to investigate the courier (takeaway). For the convenience of description, the courier and the takeaway group are collectively referred to as "couriers" if there is no distinction below.

The survey found that withholding money is quite common among couriers.

Some time ago, an article entitled "Takeaway Riders, Trapped in the System" revealed a common mechanism in the express delivery industry, that is, overtime bill deduction. According to the courier, it is:

"If we work overtime, we will be complained. According to the company's regulations, as long as customers have certain reasons, we will be punished. After deducting the salary of more than 50 yuan, we must know that it is about 7 or 8 yuan for us to run a single order on a hard road, and we can't stand several complaints during a menstrual period. "

Couriers feel aggrieved, because in all logistics links, although some problems can be solved by system optimization, such as basic warehousing and scientific scheduling, there are still many problems, such as inconsistent freight prices, mismatched single goods and imperfect information systems, which need their flexible solutions. The time loss and pressure caused by these problems will be transmitted to the end layer by layer, making them overwhelmed.

It is unrealistic to expect consumers not to complain. Consumers are looking for delivery as soon as possible, and their tolerance for deviation is extremely low-this can be seen from the controversy about whether express delivery is delivered to express cabinets or express delivery points some time ago. It is unrealistic to expect all consumers to be considerate of the courier. After all, not many consumers are really in the position of couriers, and the sympathy of our time is rapidly losing.

The courier has some unexpected difficulties, such as the inability to get into the residential compound, which leads to overtime delivery and loss of goods. Some couriers said:

"In fact, the unsuccessful delivery is not entirely our fault. There is a residential property in the delivery area that does not allow couriers to enter, so it is impossible to deliver express parcels every day. However, if the delivery cannot be completed, the salary will be deducted. You paid more than 3 thousand last month, accounting for one third of your salary. "

The risks faced by couriers include being stolen, stealing express mail, stealing batteries and even stealing electric cars. No sooner had a delivery man gone upstairs to deliver takeout than the electric car was stolen. There are five takeaways, so he has to:

"One phone call, slowly add the customer's WeChat and refund the meal fee to the customer. In this way, coupled with the lost electric car, more than half a month's hard-earned money has hit Shui Piao. "

It is precisely because of the tight time and the great pressure on accessories that couriers often go against the rules and run red lights, resulting in 40% of couriers encountering traffic accidents during the delivery of couriers, and the public also complains about couriers' traffic violations.

In order to solve these problems, express delivery companies have introduced a new pricing system. But these changes are often more unfavorable to couriers. Take Liu's report as an example. In June last year, 5438+065438+ 10, the winning company where its distribution station was located changed the salary of take-away workers from 6 yuan to ladder system on the grounds of improving the enthusiasm of employees. The total monthly delivery volume is 600-800 bills, and each bill is received in 4.5 yuan, 800-900 bills in 5.2 yuan, and 900- 165438. The profit between 1 100- 1200 is one for 5.8 yuan, the profit between 1200- 1400 is one for 6 yuan, and the profit above 1400 is one for 6.2 yuan.

1200 is the achievement barely achieved by the top 20% of distributors in a single month, which is equivalent to a disguised salary reduction for most distributors.

Labor relations are not guaranteed.

According to the report, Yingrun Company is an operating company. In September last year, it contracted three sites of "Hungry" in Taizhou.

Liu belongs to the management of Yingrun Company, but instead of signing a contract with Yingrun Company, he signed an engineering subcontracting agreement with Haohuo (Xuzhou) Network Technology Co., Ltd. as an individual industrial and commercial household to undertake the "Hungry" distribution business of Yingrun Company.

Liu was deducted 5,000 yuan because he was transferred to the local delivery service contractor of Meituan. The labor dispatch contract he signed stipulated that he must report to the company one month in advance and apply for resignation, otherwise the monthly salary will be calculated according to the delivery fee of each order 1.5 yuan.

This kind of labor dispatch relationship widely exists in the express delivery industry. The survey shows that 60% of couriers have signed labor contracts, about 20% have signed labor contracts, and 10% of couriers have not signed labor contracts. Nearly 6% of couriers don't know their contract status.

Traditional express delivery owners should sign formal labor contracts, and enterprises should bear the statutory benefits of employees. The emerging express delivery industry is dominated by joining employees, both full-time and part-time, and the relationship between employees and enterprises is outsourcing. Take-away operators such as Yingrun Company are local representatives of take-away companies who are hungry. When signing the contract, they will nest the project subcontracting agreement of a network technology company in Xuzhou and subcontract at different levels.

At the end of last year, Han, a "hungry" takeaway, died suddenly during the delivery process. At first, his family was told by the "Hummingbird Takeaway" of "Hungry" cooperation that Han had nothing to do with "Hungry" and the platform could only provide 2,000 yuan compensation for humanitarian reasons. After this incident caused great public opinion, "Hungry" decided to provide 600,000 yuan pension for his family.

The main body of the agreement signed with Korea is the hummingbird crowdsourcing platform. However, its user agreement specifically suggests that hummingbird crowdsourcing only provides information matching service, and there is no labor/employment relationship between takeaway and hummingbird crowdsourcing.

The lack of formal labor contracts makes the rights and interests of couriers more threatened. Take five insurances and one gold as an example. Only about 20% of the couriers in emerging express companies have work-related injury insurance, while the proportion of other benefits in five insurances and one gold is lower than that in work-related injury insurance.

In the above description, couriers often violate traffic rules because they are in a hurry to send more copies, thus putting themselves in danger. They need accident insurance very much, but only one-third of couriers have accident insurance provided by the company, and less than 50% couriers have accident insurance.

After the accident, 60% couriers will choose to negotiate with the other party, and only 7.38% couriers will contact the insurance company to solve it. The courier basically bears the risks on the road.

The lack of five insurances and one gold makes the courier lack a sense of belonging to his work. A courier said this:

"Without' five insurances and one gold', I feel that I am not a regular employee. After all, doing express delivery is not a stable job. I'm going to quit after a few more years. This work consumes too much energy and physical strength. In fact, we eat young capital and material capital. But what should I do if I am old and my physical strength is not good? You have to think about your family. "

Social discrimination is bad.

Another factor that makes couriers lack a sense of belonging is social discrimination against them.

According to the survey, 40% of couriers think that they have suffered from professional discrimination in the past year, and 40% of couriers think that the main difficulty in their work is "users don't understand and there are a lot of complaints". Their complaints are also related to this:

"The express delivery industry is too tired, but it is not physically tired. I am very tired, and many people are embarrassed to say it. You said it was too cold to deliver the express. When people got it, they didn't even say' thank you', but they also said' how can they be sent here', which made people feel very sad. "

"In our line of work, you have to hold your breath. Sending takeout, we dare not provoke customers and businesses. "

Many people regard the courier as a lowlife and show them the malice in life. A takeaway mentioned in the survey:

"For example, I just went to buy water. I wear casual clothes today. If I wear take-away clothes, they will probably ignore me or perfunctory. This is discrimination. Those who vent the pain and pressure in their lives on the takeaway brother, to put it bluntly, are still because many people look down on takeaway, including many security guards and those shop assistants. "

It is mentioned in this passage that security guards look down on takeout.

As mentioned above, the take-away agent wants to enter the community, and the access control authority of the community is often in the hands of the security guard, which makes the security guard a more "strong" party than the take-away agent in the conflict-although it is the property's rule not the security guard's will not to let the take-away agent enter the community. Because the doorman prevents the delivery man from completing his urgent task, conflicts between the delivery man and the security guard often appear.

At the beginning of this year, there was a vicious incident in which security guards clashed with take-away workers. 654381late at night on October 2, a delivery man in Xiantao, Hubei Province delivered a takeaway and was stopped by the security guard when he left the community. The security guard asked the takeaway to leave the community from other exits, and the quarrel broke out. The conflict escalated. The security guard hit the takeaway with a baton-like stick, and the takeaway was seriously injured and died.

Judging from the investigation and news events, the courier connecting goods and people also bears a lot of social malice.

We also understand this. Last year, the economic situation was not good, so there were many unpleasant voices in our article comment area and backstage messages. We can understand this problem. After all, it is better to vent your grievances here than to attack in the street at random. Even if it is a trash can in society, we can accept it. After all, a few words of hi backstage can't lose my flesh.

The profession of courier was originally to earn some hard money, and it was wronged by those social malice. In extreme cases, people were killed. No wonder couriers lack a sense of belonging to their profession. A courier said in the survey:

"I will never tell my son that his father delivers takeout."

But there are still many people engaged in express delivery and other industries. For example, Liu's family said that Liu had no skills and could not enter a good factory, so he could only deliver food. "At least he earns more than the janitor."

It is mentioned that the low-end jobs in the factory are dirty, tired and dangerous, and the wages are low. In recent years, machine substitution has replaced these jobs on a large scale. High-end jobs require technical or management skills, and few can accommodate too many people. It is better to do express delivery, which earns more than in the factory and the working environment is better than in the factory.

We should face up to the needs of couriers.

Some time ago, Internet giants went to engage in community group buying, and there were also criticisms on the Internet. Some readers and friends in the background also want us to write something.

I didn't think it was easy to say.

Community group buying is not a good business model. On the Tiger Sniffing FM at the end of 20 19, all the new retail experts saw that it was worse than their predecessors. After all, the internet giants have also laid out fresh food, and there is really no improvement.

However, people are not as good as the sky, and the epidemic is coming. During the epidemic, the community has the demand to distribute fresh food. This business, which was not easy to do at first, has become a business that can still make some money. Last year, when the Internet giants raced around, they noticed this pattern and began to rearrange it.

Last year, netizens generally held a negative attitude towards community group buying. To sum up, there are concerns that community group buying will make more people unemployed, and there are also dissatisfaction with the vicious competition of burning money. But at that time, I thought that if the epidemic once again led to the closure of some communities in some cities and wanted to send fresh food to these communities, I was afraid I would still have to rely on the power of these Internet giants related to distribution.

In February last year, express delivery companies delivered 43,500 tons of epidemic prevention and control materials, 6,543,800 packages, 6,543,800 vehicles and 29,654,380 cargo flights. In Wuhan, many couriers and takeaways give up rest, pick up goods at home and serve all the time, which has made great contributions to epidemic prevention.

The recent example of Tonghua also shows that it is difficult to efficiently transport hundreds of thousands of people's daily necessities only by relying on official volunteers to stop express delivery services such as JD.COM and take-away services such as hungry.

Therefore, if some areas are isolated, then the material distribution mode of community group buying, which can directly reach the community, will become a relying force, and the reputation of community group buying on the Internet will become better.

There is a contradiction here, that is, there is vicious competition in the business model of community group buying, but the services of couriers, distributors and takeaways can be relied on. The government has to rely on and use these enterprises when it organizes couriers, distributors and takeaways in critical periods. In the group of takeaways, distributors and couriers, the government has not directly grasped it.

On the other hand, if there is an organization that can directly talk to the government in the group of take-away, delivery and express delivery, it can not only come in handy at a critical moment, but also expand the right to speak of the express delivery group in peacetime, so that it will not become the weakest link in the company-courier-customer chain and will not be widely discriminated against. Their normal demands, such as regular contracts, five insurances and one gold, minimum income, overtime hours, etc., can be negotiated centrally and will not be atomized and will not be subjected to systematic pressure.

Having said that, we just can't go on. China still has many restrictions on non-profit organizations, especially self-organized trade unions. ...

In fact, the government has taken care of the life of the courier. For example, in April 2065438+2008, under the coordination of JD.COM Postal Administration and Chaoyang District Government, some front-line employees of Chaoyang District Postal Branch and Zhongtong, Tian Tian and Baishi Express Company got the keys to public rental housing, and the rent was 30%-50% lower than the market price.

However, this kind of folk welfare still needs to be realized through the mode of "master of clearing fields" Only when local officials think about it can they get benefits, but they can't count on it. It is probably a distant thing for couriers to organize their own trade unions and concentrate on safeguarding rights.

Finally, I would like to ask a question that may be offensive: if the express delivery contract is standardized and the benefits such as five insurances and one gold are perfect, the price will be appropriately increased. Readers, how much express fee do you like?

References:

Tonghua apologized for the delay in the distribution of living materials, and distributed "Vegetable Package/Detail/161500 60215284.html" at half price during the closed management period.

The deliveryman fell to the ground and died after entering and leaving the community, and the security guard was detained _ Media _ The Paper-The Paper/ News Details _ Forward _ 10659409.

The rights and interests of online car rental need to be insured/bjrb/mobile/2021/202109/20210109 _ 007/content _ 2021. Number: newspaperbjcsfzxb: ap5ff8bdae4b06627acfd542

The 43-year-old deliveryman died suddenly while delivering food. Platform: no labor relations _ direct attack on the site _ the paper-the paper/news detail _ forward _10689965.

Chen Zhiqiang. Re-examine the courier group from the perspective of epidemic prevention and control [J]. Journal of Youth, 2020,No. 150 (02): 17-20.

Hungry rider who set himself on fire: his salary was deducted by 5,000 yuan, and he died after repeated begging-upstream news gathered upward momentum/Keji/Wang/2021-017/3591286 _ pc.html.

Lian Si, Polo. Study on the Risk Pressure of City Express Group and Its Countermeasures —— An Empirical Analysis Based on Beijing [J]. Youth Exploration, 20 19(6):4 1-52.

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