Penicillins such as penicillin G, benzathine penicillin, procaine penicillin, penicillin V potassium, ampicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam.
Cefalexin, cefazolin, cefradine, cefadroxil, cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefpropylene.
Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin and tobramycin.
Chloramphenicol chloramphenicol
Macrolide erythromycin, erythromycin ethylsuccinate, acetylspiramycin, spiramycin, josamycin, midecamycin and leucomycin.
Tetracycline doxycycline (doxycycline)
Fluoroquinolones norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin.
Furfurantoin and furazolidone
Sulfasd, SMZ/TMP, sulfasalazine, sulfadiazine.
Other metronidazole, lincomycin, clindamycin, fosfomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide.
Antifungal drugs nystatin and ketoconazole
Antiviral drugs ribavirin, acyclovir
Chinese herbal preparations include garlic injection, berberine, Radix Isatidis, Shuanghuanglian, antiviral oral liquid, Xiang Lian tablet, Sanjin tablet and Houttuynia cordata injection.
Second-line drugs (restricted use): drugs with broad antibacterial spectrum and good curative effect, but with obvious adverse reactions or expensive prices, or varieties with rapid development of drug resistance in recent years, which are used for control.
Management measures: confirmed by drug sensitivity results; If not,
It should be signed by a doctor with a senior title.
Departments without senior titles must be checked by the department director.
Room signature or consultation record of infection expert.
Classification of second-line antibacterial drugs (restricted use)
Penicillins, such as mezlocillin, azlocillin, flucloxacillin, amoxicillin+dicloxacillin, ampicillin+oxacillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid.
Cefotaxime, Cefotiam, Cefotaxime, Cefoperazone, Cefotaxime, Cefomino, Cefopimide, Cefotaxime, Cefothiene, Cefodinir, Cefoterbutyl, Cefotaxime Ester, Cefotaxime Ester, Cefotoulon Ester.
Other β -lactams such as cefoxitin, cefmetazole, cefotiam, aztreonam, levofloxacin and fluoxetine.
Aminoglycosides such as netilmicin, etimicin, Isepamicin, spectinomycin, kanamycin and neomycin.
Chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol
Macrolide acetyl kitasamycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, dirithromycin.
Tetracycline tetracycline, minocycline
The fluoroquinolones include enoxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin, fleroxacin, sparfloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, tosufloxacin, rufloxacin, nadifloxacin and pazufloxacin.
Glycopeptide norvancomycin
Other tinidazole, polymyxin B, sodium p-aminosalicylate, rifapentine and rifabutin.
Antifungal drugs fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, flucytosine.
Antiviral drugs amantadine, ethylenediamine, famciclovir, cytarabine, interferon, lamivudine, acyclovir.
Third-line drugs (special use): newly developed antibacterial drugs with unique efficacy, high toxicity and high price, and varieties that will have serious consequences once drug resistance occurs;
Third-line drugs (special use): newly developed antibacterial drugs with unique efficacy, high toxicity and high price, and varieties that will have serious consequences once drug resistance occurs;
Management measures: the department director (or the head of the medical team) with senior professional title signs or records the consultation of infection experts, or has discussion opinions on difficult cases in the hospital, or reports them to the "expert group" of the hospital for approval.
Classification of third-line antibacterial drugs (special use)
Penicillin piperacillin/tazobactam and other penicillin/enzyme inhibitor complexes.
Cephalosporin ceftazidime, cefepime, cefpirome, cefoperazone/sulbactam and other cephalosporin/enzyme inhibitor complexes.
Carbapenems imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, panipenem/betamipron.
Glycopeptides vancomycin and teicoplanin
Other streptomycin, oxazolidinone, polymyxin e.
Antifungal drug amphotericin b