Songshan is one of the five mountains. Its main body is located in the northwest of Dengfeng City, Henan Province, China, with Zhengzhou, the provincial capital in the east, Luoyang, the ancient capital in the west, the Yellow River in the north and Shui Ying in the south. It consists of Taishi Mountain at an altitude of1440m and Shao Shi Mountain at an altitude of1512m. It stretches for about 60 kilometers from east to west. In ancient times, it was called ocean, lofty and lofty. After the Five Dynasties, it was called Zhongyue Songshan Mountain, and it was also called Wuyue Mountain with Taishan Mountain, Huashan Mountain and Hengshan Mountain. The mountains here are undulating and the peaks are strange. According to the location, shape, appearance and celebrity relics, there are 72 peaks in history, including Sun, Shaoyang, Yuzhu, Long Live, Phoenix, Hanglian, Wolong, Jade Mirror, Qingtong, Lion, Jiming, Songtao, Taibai, Luohan and Bailu. The top of Songshan Mountain, also known as Ji Junfeng, is the highest peak of Songshan Mountain, which has the ancient saying that the sky is extremely high. In addition to the beautiful natural scenery, Songshan is also famous for its dotted places of interest and pavilions. The famous ones are Song Yue Temple Tower in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Three Wonders of Songshan Mountain in the Han Dynasty, Stargazing Platform in the Yuan Dynasty, Shaolin Temple, Zhongyue Temple, Huishan Temple, Fawang Temple Tower, Chu Zuan 'an, Songyang Academy and Liubei Temple. Shaolin Temple is located at the foot of Wuru Peak at the northern foot of Shaoshi Mountain in Songshan Mountain. It was built in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty (495). It was rebuilt during the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty. After the Tang Dynasty, monks practiced martial arts here, and Zen and Shaolin Temple became famous all over the world. Existing buildings include the mountain gate, the abbot's room, the Dharma Pavilion, the White House, the Thousand Buddha Hall and so on. And the destroyed Heavenly King Hall and Ursa Major Hall have been restored. There is a famous mural of "Five Hundred Arhats at Pilu" in the Thousand Buddha Hall in Ming Dynasty. The mural covers an area of about 300 square meters. Tallinn, located in the west of Shaolin Temple, is the burial place of monks in past dynasties, a masonry from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty 1000 years. ...
Songshan belongs to the Funiu Mountain system, and there are many records in the history books about Fuxi and Huangdi taking Funiu Mountain as the activity center. Mencius said, "The son of Yu Shun is in Yangcheng"; "To avoid Zi Yu in the shadow of Mount Ji." Yin Ji is Yangcheng. "da ji" at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain says: "Boyi's old government made the country in the shadow of Ji Shan, and Ji Shan sealed the country for profit." Today, the left side of Songyang Academy is Ma Yuchuan, Shun Tomb, and the top of Ji Mountain is Ma Yuchuan and Shun Tomb. The words "the legacy of Yao and Shun" and "Tian Yao obeyed Japan" have been passed down to this day. "Zhuangzi" says: "Yao gave way to the world, and Xu You fled to Jishan to wash his ears". There are also "Diaopiao Cliff" and "Erxi Spring". It is said that when Xu You gave the cow water under the mountain spring, Dayao discussed Zen with him. When Xu You heard about it, he immediately hung the cow drinking water ladle on the cliff, washed his ears with cow drinking water to show decontamination, and fled to the depths of the jungle. This matter is well known at the foot of Songshan Mountain.
According to the ancient books Chronicle of Bamboo Slips and History Book, in the fifteenth year of Shun, Yu was ordered to offer sacrifices to Songshan Mountain. After Shun Zen placed Yu, "Yu lived in Yangcheng". Historians of past dynasties believe that Yangcheng is Yangcheng near Songshan today (in Xilisan, Gaocheng Town today). In Xia Dynasty, from Yu to Jie, * * * spread to seventeen kings and fourteen kings. In 432, the kings moved to Yangcheng several times, but all of them were in Songshan area. The story of Dayu's failure to enter the sluice for three times is widely circulated in Songshan.
According to the investigation of geologists at home and abroad, the rocks in Songshan Mountain are very developed. In the history of the earth's development, it has experienced five generations: Archean, Proterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic, commonly known as "five generations under one roof". Its exposure is good, although it is not unique in the world, it has been counted. According to China Geological Survey, it is a rare natural geological treasure house in the world. According to geologists' calculations, it took 2.3 billion years of Songyang movement, 800 million years of Zhongyue movement and 500 million to 600 million years of Shaolin movement to end the Proterozoic in geological history and enter the Cambrian and Ordovician in Paleozoic. About 200 million years later, the crust here rose above sea level, and the coal-bearing strata in Songshan area were formed because of its weathering and denudation. 230,000 years ago, the crustal movement in China lasted for a long time again. The "Yanshan Movement" in the north-south area and Songshan area was pushed by the north-south direction, forming today's mountain landform.
Looking at the geology of Songshan Mountain in the Five Dynasties is like watching a geological history. The exposure of magmatic rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks in Songshan area constitutes the "Dengfeng Rock" of the oldest rock image "Dengfeng Group" in China.
Songshan Mountain is rich in paleontological fossils, including walrus fossils, terrestrial biochemical stones and ancient vertebrate fossils. These paleontological fossils are valuable data for the evolution of geology and paleontology. The unique geological structure of Songshan Mountain makes it rich in mineral resources such as coal, aluminum, iron and medical stone.
Zhongyue Songshan, the peaks are tall and straight, magnificent and colorful. "Eight Scenes" and "Twelve Wins" composed of natural scenery elements such as peaks, valleys, streams, waterfalls, springs and forests. These eight scenic spots are: Songmen Moongazing, Xuanyuan Early Walking, Shui Ying Spring Farming, Yin Ji Summer Resort, Shi Hui Drinking, Yuxi Fishing, Shao Shi Yanxue and Luya Waterfall. During the reign of Tang Guang, when Zheng Gu, a scholar, visited Zhongyue, he wrote poems praising the eight scenic spots in Dengfeng:
Full moon, Songmen Mid-Autumn Festival, Xuanyuan swimming in the fog early.
Shui Ying plows Tian Ge in spring and avoids the risks of dustpan and summer harvest in summer.
You can drink by the stone river and fish on the Yuxi stage.
Watch the clear snow with little rain, and the ink waves flow in front of the waterfall cliff.
In addition to the "Eight Scenes", there are "Twelve Scenes" in Songshan, namely:
Longtan is full of pearls and Qiong will flow, and Songyang Cave has beautiful scenery.
Little room sunset hangs money, and the royal village sunset hides Taniguchi.
The stone pool is towering above the cliff, and the stone monk stands on the top of the mountain.
Stalagmites make the forest roll, while waterfalls shake the mountains.
The tiger peak roars in the sky, and the monkey looks up to the sky, hoping to break the spell.
The snow in Woong San is a bit spectacular, overlooking the world.
These natural landscapes are magnificent, beautiful and attractive, or waterfalls soar, mountains are stacked and colorful. The trees in Songshan Mountain are lush, and it is full of vitality with rain, snow and frost all year round. Full of green, a pine forest on the Jijun Peak, is full of charm as the mountain wind blows and whizzes past, as light as running water and as fierce as the roar of waves. The autumn colors of Songshan Mountain and the red leaves in the small room are even more charming. Shaoshi Mountain is steep and steep, with strange peaks and rocks, and different scenery everywhere. Climb to the top of the mountain and look around. Beautiful mountains and clear waters, rippling forests and misty snow. Lingxiao Gorge, Daxian Gorge, Xiangtan Gully, Hangbing Cliff, water curtain cave and Echo Building are natural and charming.
The middle of Songshan Mountain is bounded by Shaolin River, with Taishi Mountain in the east, Shaoshi Mountain in the west and 72 peaks including Sun, Shaoyang, Yuzhu and so on.
Taishi Mountain, located in the north of Dengfeng County, Henan Province, is the eastern peak of Songshan Mountain, with an altitude of 1440 meters. According to legend, Yu Wang's first wife, Tu Shanshi, was born here, and the Qi Mu Temple was built at the foot of the mountain, so it was called "Taishi". )。 There are thirty-six peaks in Taishi Mountain. The rocks are covered with green and surrounded by peaks, just like lotus flowers. The main peak "Ji Junfeng" is named after The Book of Songs Takamatsu and Heaven. Later, when Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty visited Songshan Mountain, he wrote poems and set up a monument here, so it was also called "Yubei Peak". Climb the steep mountain peak and overlook it. There are several rooms in the west, the memorial archway of Mount Ji in the south, Shui Ying Ben in front and the Yellow River in the north. Looking down from the stone, the peaks and peaks at the foot are rugged, which has the momentum of "other mountains are dwarfed under the sky". . The clouds between the peaks change quickly and are beautiful. Lu Shou, an ancient poet, once said, "Thirty-six peaks are like a bun, and pedestrians are comfortable." White clouds suddenly closed, all white. "It tells the wonderful beauty of Songshan and the joy and tranquility of tourists' mood.
Shaoshi Mountain, about 10 km east of Taishi Mountain. According to legend, Tu Shanshi, the sister of Xia's second wife, lived here. In order to show her respect, people built a temple at the foot of the mountain, hence the name "Shao Shi". Shaoshi Mountain is steep and contains 36 peaks. Surrounded by peaks, it rises and falls like flags, swords and halberds, which is quite spectacular. Yuzhai Mountain, the main peak, is 15 12 meters above sea level, which is the highest peak of Songshan Mountain, and there is the famous Shaolin Temple under Wuru Peak in the north of the mountain. The top of Shaoshi Mountain is as wide as a village, divided into two floors and four dangerous doors. According to the Records of Henan Province, when Emperor Xuanzong of Jin Dynasty fought Genghis Khan, Xuanzong was forced out of Beijing. Retreat to Shaoshi Mountain and station troops at the top of the mountain, so it is called "Yuzhai Mountain". There is a water tank in Yuzhai Shanxi, called "Little Drinking Horse Pool". This water can feed ten thousand people. It is said that Li Jiyu was stationed here during the uprising in the late Ming Dynasty.
Taishi Mountain and Shao Shi Mountain, two high mountains, rise and fall on the south bank of the Yellow River. Since ancient times, they have aroused the reverie of many poets and attracted the attention of countless tourists, so poets, monks, hermits and emperors of all ages will take the shape and appearance of these peaks as the blueprint. Almost every mountain has a beautiful name, so there are 72 peaks. Surrounded by these peaks, even above the summit, countless Brahma Yulin palaces and Taoist temples have been gradually built.
"Songshan is the best in the world." Songshan Mountain is a place where emperors and generals worship Zen, literati feast and give lectures, monks and poets travel, write books and give lectures, or realize Zen in seclusion. There are many places of interest on the mountain, ranking first among the five mountains, and it is known as a treasure house of cultural relics. You can enjoy the 8,000-year history of China in Songshan. Yangshao culture, Longshan culture, Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and Summer Capital Yangcheng all have sites here. There are 72 peaks in the mountain, and there are many temples with peaks. There is a saying that "there are seventy-two peaks above and seventy-two temples below". Songshan Mountain is a combination of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, with many historical sites. Among them, there are six in China: Shaolin Temple, the ancestral home of Zen; The largest Tallinn in existence-Tallinn in Shaolin Temple; The oldest existing tower-Song Yue Temple Tower in Northern Wei Dynasty; The oldest existing que-Han Sanque; The oldest cypress-Han Feng's General Cypress; The oldest existing stargazing platform-Gaocheng Yuan Dynasty stargazing platform. In addition, the Zhongyue Temple at the foot of Huang Feng Mountain in Taishi Mountain was founded in Qin Dynasty and flourished in Tang and Song Dynasties. It is the largest existing temple complex in Henan Province. Songyang Academy is magnificent, simple and elegant. Song Dynasty, Suiyang Academy, Yuelu Academy and Bailudong Academy were also called the four major academies. In addition, the verdant and quiet Fawang Temple, Xuanyuanguan, which is on the verge of returning to the environment, and Li Xueting, who is seeking dharma with a broken arm in Hui Ke, are all treasures of China's humanistic scenery. The Song peaks are steep and the Yellow River is on the verge of extinction. Bird's-eye view of the foothills is dotted with places of interest.
At sunrise, the wormwood mountain falls, the birds are startled by the morning bell, the streams in the forest are gurgling, and the slopes are covered with green grass. A melodious "Pastoral" is still exciting. The beautiful scenery of Shaolin Temple has long been vividly remembered by this beautiful song.
Songshan Mountain is known as the museum of China's historical development, which integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, and has many historical sites. Among them, there are six in China: Shaolin Temple, the ancestral home of Zen; The largest Tallinn in existence-Tallinn in Shaolin Temple; The oldest existing tower-Song Yue Temple Tower in Northern Wei Dynasty; The oldest existing que-Han Sanque; The oldest cypress-Han Feng's General Cypress; The oldest existing stargazing platform-Gaocheng Yuan Dynasty stargazing platform. In addition, the Zhongyue Temple at the foot of Huang Feng Mountain in Taishi Mountain was founded in Qin Dynasty and flourished in Tang and Song Dynasties. It is the largest existing temple complex in Henan Province. Songyang Academy is magnificent, simple and elegant. Song Dynasty, Suiyang Academy, Yuelu Academy and Bailudong Academy were also called the four major academies. In addition, the verdant and quiet Fawang Temple, Xuanyuanguan, which is on the verge of returning to the environment, and Li Xueting, who is seeking dharma with a broken arm in Hui Ke, are all treasures of China's humanistic scenery.
Where can there be so many Zen collections, only Songshan! ! Take a look at the quiet and mysterious Buddhist resorts and feel the purity and exquisiteness there, which may become the beautiful wish of every tourist who likes it!
Songshan Mountain is a Buddhist resort, and Shaolin Temple is its most attractive place. On the way to Shaolin Temple (of course, this route starts from Luoyang in the morning and goes straight to Dengfeng), you can stop at six places first. The quiet courtyard of the stargazing platform, the observation of Duke Zhou and the observation of stars in Guo Shoujing laid the foundation for astronomy in China. The crater left by the Japanese shelling on the east wall of Taitung reminds me of the same scar of Wanping ancient city next to Lugou Bridge. Zhongyue Temple is extremely steep and tall, and the town library is shaded by trees, which is mighty and iron. Among the painted sculptures in the two corridors, Bao Zheng, Hai Rui, Guan Yu and Yue Fei are all famous in Xianban. In Songyang Academy, the "General" got carried away and laughed crooked, and the "Second General" exploded with indignation. The pagoda of Song Yue Temple is tall and majestic, and the painting and shadow atmosphere of Fawang Temple is creepy. Everything has left a lifelong mark on people!
You can go to Shaolin Temple and Millennium Temple at noon. When I got off at the roadside, I was faced with a bronze statue of a Shaolin monk, and his left fist was pointed at his right palm. Walking in the direction of Shaolin, there are countless tourist shops on both sides, all selling Shaolin's special products-swords and halberds! Stepping into the world-famous Shaolin Temple, (to be honest) first of all, I think its building scale is much smaller than expected. This temple, which has a good reputation as the birthplace of Zen Buddhism in China, is far from resplendent, because it has gone through many vicissitudes. Shaolin Temple was founded in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 496). In the early Tang Dynasty, the King of Qin crusaded against the King, and Shaolin Temple 13 monks made meritorious deeds and were praised. Later, Wu Zetian sealed the temple to Songshan, and Shaolin Temple became increasingly prosperous, with more than 5,000 temples and pavilions, becoming a famous Buddhist temple at home and abroad. In its heyday, Shaolin monks grew to more than 2000 people. After the Qing Dynasty, Shaolin Temple declined, especially in the Republic of China 17, when the warlord Shi Yousan Chilie Temple destroyed many magnificent temples, and even precious cultural relics such as Shaolin Temple annals, boxing scores and Tibetan scriptures were reduced to ashes. Most of the Shaolin Temple buildings now displayed in front of tourists were restored in the early 1980s, and only some burned inscriptions can find traces of ancient times. These inscriptions mainly stand beside the boulevard behind the gate of Shaolin Temple, among which the precious ones are the inscription signed by Emperor Taizong to the Bishop of Shaolin Temple and the inscription of Guanyin Zan written by Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty. It's hard to see one or two monks after visiting Shaolin Temple. It is said that there are only dozens of resident monks in Shaolin Temple at present, which sounds incredible. From all directions, many people come to Shaolin Temple to practice martial arts, but they are not inside the temple, but outside it.
You must visit Tallinn when you come to Shaolin. The abbots, abbots and the first temple of all previous dynasties were buried here, and there were also heroes who fought against the Japanese army and defended the frontier. Both of them made great contributions in Guoyu Temple before their lives. After their death, their souls are immortal and they are still here to protect Shaolin. Traveling to Tallinn is like reading a condensed history of Shaolin Temple. Walking through the pagodas, it seems that you can talk to monks and listen to their stories about Shaolin for thousands of years. Unfortunately, the deceased did not get the respect that future generations deserved. People climb the stone pagoda from time to time, or gloat or pretend to be pious. The camera shutter stopped them. I really want to ask them if they know what sin is.
After swimming in Tallinn, it may rain, but it is more interesting. When you climb the Bowl Peak by Songyang cableway, the general cypress in the Second Ancestral Hall will leave a deep impression on people, so straight, so thick, so high, so vigorous, so brilliant, so quiet and heavy, with a touch of Buddha incense, rustling and drizzling, as calm as water. I saw Hui Ke's second ancestral temple, where he recuperated and practiced, and went west to Sanhuangzhai Forest Park. The path twists and turns up and down in the valley. Although tired, birds are singing in the forest, the breeze is Xu Lai, and the sound of gurgling streams can be heard in my ears, which is very pleasant. Under the monkey watching the sea, there is a huge natural rock wall, the height of Wan Ren is magnificent. The suspended plank road is built on the rock wall, facing the abyss, which is dangerous enough! The rocks in some places are very brittle, so you can gently break off a piece and twist it into powder by hand. So your fingers are not shallow. There are not many tourists in the mountains, so I don't know when I can hear a scream coming from the distant mountain road. A suspension bridge was built between the two mountains, and I walked trembling, thinking that this bridge should not suddenly collapse like Hongqiao in Qijiang, Chongqing. Looking at the sky, Shimen, Fairy Cave, Hanging Cave and Looking from the railing, I occasionally practice rock climbing in order to take shortcuts. When I reached a cliff, it seemed to be called Yang Bang Cliff. Standing on the cliff, the wilderness was empty, foggy and breezy. The drizzle stirred people's emotions, took a deep breath and shouted proudly. The echo is empty, the fog is empty, and it is quite ambitious. At this time, a feeling of nostalgia will grow from the heart!
Of course, it will take at least two days to complete the scenic spots in Songshan. If you have enough time, you can see all the scenic spots except those listed above in your spare time.
Songshan Mountain is not high above sea level, but it is also steep. Generally speaking, it is best to visit from April to 1 1 month.
Must-visit attractions in Songshan Mountain: Haiyun Songmen, Songshan Mountain, early tour of Luya Waterfall Room, clear snow and fishing in Yuxi, Yin Ji, summer Shui Ying, spring ploughing Shaolin Lake, stalagmite night forest.
Songshan specialty: stone scented tea, chestnut, jujube, Hericium erinaceus, kiwi fruit and Songshan ginseng fruit.