Jews in Krakow elected 24 Jews to form a committee to help Jews gathered in the city solve problems such as accommodation, labor distribution and dispute resolution.
Oscar, a German entrepreneur who just came to Krakow from his hometown? Schindler is tall, handsome and charming. He made generous friends with German officers and SS in hotels and various social occasions.
Schindler also went to the registration office and found an accountant named Yitzhak, who used to work in an enamel factory in Lieboz. Jews in Sting. Schindler intends to buy the badly run enamel factory, produce edible utensils, supply military materials and earn war funds. He wants Sting to be his accountant and assistant to manage the factory. What puzzles Sting is: What did Schindler do?
The funds were put back in place and the factory was renamed Emma. The SS stipulates that the wages of Jewish skilled workers are 7 marks per day, and the wages of other types of work and female workers are 5 marks per day, but they must be paid directly to the government finance department, and Jews can't get a penny. The wages of Polish workers are higher. Therefore, Jews became Schindler's natural choice.
The conscription office was crowded with people. Stine carefully provides effective advice to applicants, helps compatriots find suitable places, and secretly forges various qualification certificates for teachers and musicians who have no conditions to enter the factory, so as not to be blacklisted and let Germans put them on trucks and send them away.
One day, a one-armed worker named Runstein came to Schindler to thank him in person. He said that he was almost killed by the SS, and he was grateful to the factory for saving him. He will repay him. But when cleaning the snow in the future, Ruinstein was pulled out of the team by German officers and shot. Schindler negotiated with the Germans, and a senior SS officer told him that giving Jews a place in the enterprise meant betrayal.
On one occasion, Sting and many Jews were put on the train. When Schindler learned this, he rushed to the station and wisely reprimanded the German officer. When the train started, he found Sting in the window and left him behind, blaming him for not forgetting to bring his work permit in the future, so as not to cause this disaster.
1943 In March, the Jews in Krakow suffered a terrible massacre. The SS drove a military vehicle with a group of German shepherds into the Jewish community. When they saw one killing the other, Krakow was in a cold state, and everyone was as scared as a bird. It is tragic that bloody things happen. Schindler and his mistress rode back and stopped on the hillside, shocked by what he saw. The unbearable hostess sobbed and begged him to leave.
Looking at the empty factory, Schindler was worried. After careful consideration, he decided to go to the SS commander Amon. Gott, let him approve Amelia factory as an affiliated labor camp and resume production. Gott said that there are many conditions to achieve the goal, so as to take the opportunity to earn a vote. Schindler naturally got the message and said that as long as he helped, he would definitely give a satisfactory reward.
Schindler came to the labor camp in Prasho and took the opportunity to meet Sting. Stine told him not to forget to give birthday gifts to SS officers and their families, but also to pay tribute to the people in the Ministry of Finance and the Quartermaster Bureau on time. The expenses of SS headquarters must be delivered on the first day of each month. In exchange for the right to open a metal processing factory in a concentration camp.
Schindler's factory became a refuge for many Jews in the days when the Germans slaughtered Jews madly. When Schindler celebrated his birthday, he blew out the candles on the five-layer cake and kissed every woman around him. The Jewish girl in the factory is holding a Jewish girl and holding their cake, wishing him a happy birthday on behalf of all the workers. Schindler kissed them too, but he didn't expect to get into trouble.
The Gestapo arrested Schindler because he violated the Fuehrer's racial law and accidentally kissed the Jewish girl who delivered the cake. Gott explained to Gestapo leader Julies that he interceded for Schindler and solved the problem with money. Schindler was released on bail after some warnings.
Orders came from the radio that all living Jews should gather in the square at once. Jews who have just arrived in the concentration camp from Hungary don't know what fate awaits them. Amon? Gott ordered the extermination of all sick Jews. Hearing the officer say that they should take off their clothes and have a physical examination, the women broke their fingers and squeezed blood to add color to their faces and lips.
On the platform, the Jews who stayed in the sultry tanker endured the scorching sun and were thirsty. Schindler handed Gott cold soda to sit on the platform, and suggested calling a fire truck and spraying Jews with a faucet for fun. So Gott ordered the soldiers to carry it out, and the Jews greeted the fountain of life with their mouths. Schindler asked the soldiers to spray more on the roof of the car. Looking at what he realized, the smile on his face suddenly converged.
1944 In April, more than 10,000 Jews were killed in Jewish settlements in Krakow and Prasho. Amon? Gott received orders from his superiors to dig up the buried bodies and burn them, and transport the remaining Jews to Auschwitz concentration camp. Schindler asked Gott to give him special accounting treatment after learning about this situation.
Seeing that the factory would be unsustainable, Schindler planned to go back to his hometown, but Sting said that he could continue to open the factory and of course hire new workers. Schindler thanked him from his heart. A line of tears slipped from the eyes of Sting, an accountant with uncertain future and unpredictable life and death. Schindler's heart suddenly awakened something.
When Schindler came to Gott with several suitcases full of money and said that he would buy off his workers, Gott asked doubtfully, "Why on earth?" You must have ulterior motives. You have to tell me the truth! " Schindler said, so he doesn't need to train workers, and it's good for the army. He wants to produce arms. Schindler wants Gott to bid. How much is a Jewish worker?
In the factory office, Schindler smoked one cigarette after another and dictated the list to Sting who was typing. He finally paid off Gott and Julies with money, leaving all the children behind, and he saved one innocent life after another. His list is getting longer and longer At this time, Schindler showed a strange "greed". He went to see Julies again and again, trying to give more places.
Sting took his long list and his hands trembled. ...
On the last page of the list, there is a blank space for Gott's Jewish maid Helen? Kathy's. Of course, Gott refused to give her to Schindler. He said he would never send her to a concentration camp, but take her back to Vienna to live with her. Schindler reminded him that it was just a wishful dream. But Gott said he'd rather take Helen? Kathy went to the Woods and shot her in the head. But in the end, Gott backed down and took Helen of fourteen thousand eight hundred marks. Kathy handed Schindler over to the labor camp.
After the Jews on the list are registered in the square, they will be sent to Zwittao, Czech Republic by train in two batches. Brunritz-the site of the munitions factory. Schindler told the Jews who arrived early that the women's train had left Prasho and would soon arrive at the munitions factory. The women's train started, and the carriage was full of joy. However. When the train arrived at Auschwitz concentration camp, the women were ordered to take off their clothes and take a bath for disinfection. The legendary terrible thing finally came to them, and people were frightened.
Anxious Schindler rushed to Auschwitz and asked the head of the concentration camp for his workers back. Under the carrot and stick, the leader who accepted the bribe had to agree to replace it with another 300 people. Therefore, Schindler rescued more than 300 women and children from Auschwitz. He also admonished German soldiers not to shoot and kill Jewish workers in arms factories.
One day, Stan came to report to Schindler that all the shells produced by the factory were unqualified, and he dared not sue the military. But Schindler said calmly that he would explain to the Germans. He told Sting that the shells they produced were of poor quality, and he was very happy. For seven months, he didn't produce qualified products. At the same time, he spent millions of marks to supply his workers, bribed German officials, and used the money to buy some shells from the arms market as the products of military factories to prevaricate the Germans. In this way, Schindler went bankrupt and was on the verge of bankruptcy.
Germany finally surrendered unconditionally. Schindler solemnly announced to the factory workers that starting from tomorrow, they can go separately to find their relatives. Looking back, I dissuaded the German soldiers guarding the factory, laid down their weapons and returned to their hometown, no longer acting as the executioner of the Nazis. The soldiers bowed their heads and left quietly. After that, Schindler proposed a three-minute silence in memory of countless innocent people who were killed. Before leaving, Schindler told Sting to distribute everything in the factory to the workers. Workers took gold out of their teeth and cast a simple ring engraved with Hebrew scripture: whoever saves a life saves the whole world. The elder wrote a letter to Schindler on behalf of all the workers. In case he is caught, everyone will sign it.
Schindler was so excited that she burst into tears that she couldn't help it. Facing the incoherent Schindler, Sting truly said: Because of him, 1 100 Jews survived, and their descendants benefited from him and will never be forgotten. Schindler said: "If my life is not so extravagant, I can save more people. If I earn more money ... I'm ridiculous ... "Schindler knelt on the accountant's shoulder with tears, and the workers gathered around to hug their savior. Schindler left, and people followed him for a long time, watching him until the end.
1958, the Jerusalem Holocaust Memorial Hall declared him a righteous man and invited him to plant trees on the righteous avenue.
At the end of the war, there were less than 4,000 Jews left in Poland, and now more than 6,000 people are descendants of Jews rescued by Schindler.
1974 10.09 Schindler died and was buried in his hometown in a Catholic way. Every year, many surviving Jews and their descendants come to pay homage to his dead.
Schindler's List truly reproduces the real historical event that German entrepreneur oskar schindler protected 1200 Jews from being killed by fascists during World War II.
Schindler 1908, a German speculator, was born in Moravia, now the Czech Republic. Party member was a congressional party at the beginning of World War II. He is a lecherous and enjoys it. He is a staunch among the famous local Nazis. He is very good at using his relationship with the captain of the emergency unit to get the maximum capital. In occupied Poland, Jews are the cheapest labor force, so Schindler, who made a fortune in the war, hired only the victims stipulated in the Nuremberg racial law in his newly established enamel factory. These people got a job in the enamel factory, so they were temporarily out of the killing machine, and Schindler's factory became a refuge for Jews. Everyone who works there is protected by the important war product work: the enamel factory supplies tableware and bullets to the frontline troops.
By 1943, Schindler's last fantasy about the Nazis was shattered by the cruel bloodbath suffered by the Jewish community in Krakow. He has long known about the crematoria and gas chambers built by the Germans, and he has long heard that the shower heads in bathrooms and steam rooms are not water, but toxic gases. Since then, Schindler has only one idea: to protect Jews from Auschwitz's death as much as possible. He drew up a list of workers, claiming that his factory was "essential" for normal operation, and bribed Nazi officials to keep the Jews alive. He was increasingly suspected of violating racial laws, but he wisely escaped Nazi persecution every time. As always, he risked his life to save Jews. When a train carrying his female workers staggered to Auschwitz-Birken, he spent a lot of money to get them back to his factory.
Soon, the Soviet Red Army came to Krakow to announce the end of the war to the surviving Jews who worked in Schindler's factory. One night, it snowed heavily and Schindler said goodbye to the workers. More than 65,438+0,000 Jews were rescued to see him off. They gave him an autographed testimony that he was not a war criminal. At the same time, they knocked out their own gold teeth and hidden gold jewelry, made gold rings and presented them to Schindler. The ring is engraved with a famous Jewish proverb: "Saving one life means saving all mankind". Schindler couldn't help crying. He is ashamed that he still has a gold tooth, because selling such a tooth can save at least one more person. Schindler has done everything he can to save himself. All the money he saved during the war was used to save the lives of Jews. ......
After the war, Schindler lived in seclusion in a small town in Switzerland, penniless, and lived on the relief money of the Jews he helped. A few years later, Schindler died in poverty. According to Jewish tradition, Schindler was buried in Jerusalem as one of the "36 righteous people".
At the end of the film, Schindler's grave. Those Jews who got Schindler's help before the war and entered their twilight years decades later, and their descendants walked through the grave on behalf of their ancestors, all put a stone representing "gratitude will never change" on the tombstone as a tribute. ...
background information
The film Schindler's List was directed by Stephen? Spielberg's 1993 blockbuster hit the world. The film profoundly exposed the terrorist crime of German fascism killing Jews, and became the most watched film in the world in 1994 with its high artistry. The seriousness and extraordinary artistic expression of his thoughts have reached an almost insurmountable depth. The film was released in the United States on 1993, 65438+February and 65438+May, which immediately caused a sensation. It won the Golden Globe Award for Best Film and Best Director, and the American Directors Association Award. 194 At the 66th Academy Awards, Schindler's List won six awards: best film, best director, best adapted screenplay, best art direction, best photography and best film editing. This is well-deserved for the achievements of the film. Where's Stephen Spielberg also won the Oscar for Best Director for the first time. This is a belated affirmation of his talent.
During the filming, Stephen? Spielberg devoted great energy and enthusiasm. In fact, the editing rights and production rights of the film were bought as early as 1982. But it was not until 10 years later that the shooting plan was really implemented. In order to make this film, Spielberg gave up his usual movie stunts for the first time and refused to invite Hollywood stars to star in it. Instead, I collected a lot of relevant materials, invited the survivors of the concentration camp to be deputy directors, and invited the Jews rescued by Schindler to be film consultants. Spielberg spent $23 million to complete the three-hour 15-minute film, and refused to pay the fee, donating all his personal income to the American Holocaust Museum.
As a Jew, it is Spielberg's long-cherished wish to make such a film. Although the film Schindler's List is mainly black and white photography, its production scale is no less than that of any large-scale color film. The movie * * * has 126 characters and 30,000 extras participate in the performance. The plot of the film is touching, the momentum is tragic, and the documentary shooting method with black and white photography as the main tone makes the film have extremely real effects, touching and thought-provoking. The use of film language in the film is excellent. There is a red scene in the performance of the tragic experience of Jews. In the scene where the stormtroopers slaughtered Jews, the little girl in red formed a very strong contrast with the picture, which produced a visual effect with great artistic impact. When the little girl appeared again, she was already a corpse on the corpse transport car. This therapy is classic. At the same time, it also points out the influence on the protagonist's mind. For Schindler, this little girl represents all the Jewish misfortunes he has seen and the changes that have taken place in his heart. The profound connotation and artistic value of this shot are enough to go down in history. Its artistry has reached a classic status.
When the movie went on until the Jews were free from the concentration camp, the screen suddenly lit up with bright colors. The application of this obvious film language skill has played an excellent role. From dull black and white to rich natural colors, it vividly shows people's cheerful mood after lifting the danger of death and regaining freedom. At this moment, almost every audience can't help applauding. This is not only a relief for Jews after their freedom, but also the highest appreciation for director Spielberg's secret work. The ending of the film also has its touching artistic charm. It reflects the Jews' infinite respect for Schindler, and at the same time makes the film have the artistic effect of reviewing history and making people think deeply, which greatly expands the performance space of the film.
Schindler's List will exist as an eternal glory in the film history, and it is a classic in the film history. Stephen? Spielberg's name will also be associated with this film and will be passed down forever.
1993, famous American director Steven? Spielberg led the Schindler's List crew to Poland for the first time. Just as they were preparing to camp in Krakow during World War II, they suddenly received an urgent telegram from the National Jewish Association of new york: "Don't disturb the dead, let them rest in peace." Spielberg read this message and said nothing. He immediately ordered the film crew to evacuate the Krakow concentration camp and move to a place dozens of kilometers away to set up the shooting set. At the same time, he left the film crew alone and flew directly to new york. Spielberg crossed the Atlantic Ocean and went to new york to apologize to the Jewish Association without sending a representative or using modern communication tools such as telephone, telegraph and telex. His humility and sincerity touched all the members of the Jewish Association. No wonder international film critics later praised Schindler's List as "a humanitarian film made by a director".
Schindler's List shocked the world-this film deeply exposed the terrorist crime of German Nazi massacre of Jews, premiered in Frankfurt, Germany on March 1994, and the German President personally attended the premiere of the film.
American President Bill Clinton was deeply impressed after seeing this film. He shouted at the press conference, "I urgently ask you to see this film."
The reason why Schindler's List has such a great influence and profound and painful artistic charm should be related to Spielberg's Jewish ancestry and the pain of discrimination experienced by Jews in his childhood. 17 members of his extended family from Ukraine were murdered in Nazi concentration camps in Poland; His deep-rooted gratitude to Schindler, the great benefactor of the Jews, is inseparable from a series of inescapable facts.
As early as 1982, Spielberg received the Australian novelist Thomas? The Schindler List written by Conjes, Spielberg, who never read the novel seriously, not only read the novel seriously, but also immediately made a decision to buy its adaptation rights and production rights. He realized that this was a subject he had been longing for for for a long time, but he knew that the time was not yet ripe. It was not until 10 years later, that is, in the spring of 1993, that some important people in the film industry advised him to give up the filming plan of this non-commercial film. A leader of his film company even suggested: "Instead of filming this film, it is better to donate money to the Holocaust Museum." This sentence angered Spielberg and made him determined to make this film at all costs. The film company finally gave in and had to let this "children" director, who has always been famous for shooting thrillers, horror films and science fiction films with a game mentality, realize his dream. For this film, Spielberg gave up his usual movie stunts for the first time, refused to invite Hollywood stars to play, and only invited a survivor of Auschwitz as an assistant director and a Jew rescued by Schindler as a film consultant. In this case, he only spent $23 million to make this three-hour 15-minute film. The filming of this film is a brand-new experience for Spielberg. Suddenly, the floodgates of repressed emotions opened. He said: "What matters to me this time is not my imagination, but my conscience. Suddenly, I faced reality with a camera that used to escape from reality. I cried when I was filming, and I shed tears every day. "
For the convenience of work, Spielberg took his family to Poland, but after 14 hours of intense shooting every day, his relatives could not free him from his thoughts during the day. During the filming process, Spielberg forced to stop filming more than once because he couldn't control his feelings. When he gestured to the public, he felt like a Nazi-healthy on the right and sick on the left; His heart broke when he ordered women to shave their hair, strip off their clothes and trousers and drive them away like animals. He said, "This is the most terrible experience of my life." For several weeks, he didn't shake hands with the German actors in the crew or greet the actors in Nazi uniforms. He thought he lived in a Nazi concentration camp. Four months later, the film ended in Poland, and Spielberg finally showed a smile on his face. ..... After filming this film, Spielberg declined the film payment and decided to donate all his personal income to the American Holocaust Museum.
Schindler's List, with black-and-white photography as its main theme, is still a large-scale color production, with 126 characters and 30,000 extras. In Poland, in addition to 30 location stations, 40 sets of/kloc-0 have been built. More than 100 Jews participated in the work before and after this scene, which made them relive a bloody nightmare of Nazi terror. The plot of the film is choppy, the momentum is tragic, and the picture-a documentary with black-and-white photography as the main tone-shows the horror of the German Nazis' crazy extermination of Jews, which makes people cry. ……
Schindler's List has become the most striking film in the world, and its ideological seriousness and extraordinary artistic expression temperament have reached an almost insurmountable depth. There have been many movies about the mass slaughter of Jews during World War II, but this is the first real feature film about Germans awakening their conscience, risking their lives to resist the Nazis and save Jews. In the film, Schindler was not a hero at first. Why did he become a hero in the end? The film didn't answer-it just showed his behavior. Spielberg used a symbolic little effect foil:
Schindler saw a little girl in red walking through atrocities and massacres almost unscathed between the stormtroopers who were shooting wildly with sticks and the driven Jews when cleaning up the Jewish residential area in Krakow. This scene shocked Schindler. Spielberg regards this girl as a key figure in the transformation of the whole movie. In black and white photography, only the little girl used red. In Schindler's eyes, the little girl was the highlight of the whole black-and-white massacre scene-later, the girl appeared again-she was lying in a corpse truck and sent to the crematorium.
This picture has become a classic pen, and its profound connotation and artistic value far exceed that of ordinary film works. From the beginning of the film to the Nazi surrender, black and white photography was used to enhance the sense of reality and symbolize the dark ages of the Jews. Later, when the Nazis surrendered and the Jews walked out of the concentration camp, bright colors suddenly appeared on the screen, which made the audience feel that they had walked from darkness to sunshine and could appreciate the cheerful mood of the people in the play to lift the death threat.
The film's photography director zanussi? Nikolaus Stein von Kamienski has mastered the picture texture of black-and-white photography, which has a heavy flavor in the thick, especially in the poor areas of Poland, where the low walls, bricks and damp breath restore the true flavor of the times. Also by Irish movie star Eminem? Nathan plays Schindler, and Ben, who plays Gandhi and won an Oscar? Kingsley's strong cast as the Jewish Stern is also an indispensable factor for the success of this film.
It is difficult for a good movie to be as perfect as Schindler's List. It should be said that its existence is an eternity of the film. The Academy Awards are just a faded foil.
Schindler's List, the Best Film of the 66th Academy Awards
The film won seven Oscars-best picture, best director, best screenwriter, best cinematography, best art direction, best editing and best music. This movie is Steven, too? Spielberg's humanitarian work reflecting on the historical catastrophe is the first time that he has been recognized by film critics since he was filmed.
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Steven Allan Spielberg's masterpiece makes us sit up and take notice of his artistic creativity, and the music of this film has undoubtedly become a classic in the world film music treasure house. This piece of music is taken from the end of the film. When Schindler's Jews were free, they entered a bright world with cheerful chorus. The film gradually turned to color, and the subtitle appeared "Schindler's Jews lived to this day". Then the melody turned sharply and the violin played Schindler's theme. The picture shows that these Jews who are still alive today take turns to walk past Schindler's tombstone and pile up stones as a memorial, which gives people a sense of commemoration with music. In particular, the melancholy tone of the violin brought us back to the gloomy era when life could not be independent, and we felt more and more how precious the sunshine was today. ...
The soundtrack of this film is one of the rare and highly infectious music in recent years. Composer john williams has cooperated with Spielberg for many times, and when he created this film, he deeply realized the feelings of the director with Jewish blood in his body. Therefore, he absorbed the melody characteristics of Jewish national music, and used violin solo to highlight the theme, vividly showing the sadness of Jews in the shadow of cruel war. The violin solo with two theme melodies in the soundtrack is dull and full of emotion. John williams invited Itzhak Perlman, a famous violinist, and Giora Feidman, an excellent clarinet player, to help the Boston Pop Orchestra, where he had been a conductor for many years. Their performance is tender and delicate, but sad without hurting people. It is not an accusation of human tragedy, but a meditation on historical mistakes, full of tenderness and nostalgia. Williams plays a foil role in the symphony, making music a convincing and infectious historical monologue.