Guo talks about cross talk, which are two different things.

After Song Ling surrendered to the army for the first time, the "old school" and "new school" gradually formed in the service. The old guard is the strength of the army, and most of them are sworn brothers who debuted with Zhang, including Zhang, Zhang Jinghui, Tang Yulin and Wu, all of whom hold important military and political positions in the army. The new school is divided into "NCO School" and "Luda School", both of which are from military schools. Most of the "NCO schools" graduated from Japanese NCO schools, headed by, and its members include, Han, Chang Yinhuai, Yu Guohan, Xing Shilian, etc. These people are very dependent and regard Yang as a "brain trust" and a "spiritual leader". Most of the "Luda" schools graduated from Chinese Army University and Baoding Military Academy headed by Guo Songling. Although Zhang Xueliang is not the leader of Luda School, he appreciates and respects Luda School most. Most of the members of Luda University are teachers and brigade commanders. Guo Songling, a native of Yongjiang, Rainbow, and the governor of Fengtian, advocated "Qiang Bing, guarding mulberry, developing Northeast China, not fighting among themselves and resisting foreign aggression". With Zhang's trust, he strongly advocated the development of forces to the Central Plains and became Zhang's most effective assistant to dominate the Central Plains. Yang Yuting and Guo Songling are both people with character defects. Yang Yuting is bossy, arrogant and good at small circles. He trusted the guard Zhang Zuo Lin and sometimes ignored Zhang Xueliang. And Guo Songling is a very serious person, unsmiling, narrow-minded, willful. When reorganizing the army, the budgets of the second and sixth brigades and the supply of ordnance and ammunition were often restricted. Zhang Xueliang felt that "everything was made difficult by Yang". Yang and Guo have always been at odds, but now they are incompatible with each other because of the love of the coach and the rumbled.

After the second direct service war, there was a fierce territorial dispute within the service. According to any recollection, Zhang was originally scheduled to meet Jiangsu and Anhui from Guo Songling. Unexpectedly, Yang Yuting also wants a position. As a result, Yang went to Jiangsu and pushed her to Anhui, and Guo Songling was empty. Guo Songling's success in this war was not rewarded, and he was extremely dissatisfied. Later, Yang Yuting and Jiang Dengxuan fell to Jiangsu and Anhui, and Guo Songling angrily said to Zhang Xueliang, "Everything in the Northeast was ruined by Yang Yuting, and Anhui and Jiangsu failed, destroying the troops of three divisions. Now Yang Yuting is pestering the teacher to wash the dishes for them. I won't be a cannon head anymore. The only way to do things well in the Northeast is to get rid of Yang Yuting, a bunch of guys who have done nothing but fail, and let the rumbled be responsible. " At this point, Guo Songling has shown the mind of the anti-serve, but Zhang Xueliang doesn't care.

At the beginning of 1925+00, Guo Songling went to as a representative of Feng Jun to observe the exercise. An important staff member of the Japanese General Staff Headquarters visited him and asked him if he still had the task of signing a secret agreement with Japan on behalf of Zhang. Guo Songling knew that Zhang wanted to attack Feng Yuxiang's national army on the condition of "implementing Article 21". This incident aroused Guo Songling's strong indignation, and Guo told Han Fuju, a representative of the national army who was watching the exercise in Japan at that time. Guo told Han: "Today, the country is in peril, and Zhang is selfish and betrays the country. I can't agree with him in this way I am a national soldier, not a private lackey. If Zhang Zuo Lin really hits the national army, I will hit him. " And asked Han to convey the intention of cooperation to Feng Yuxiang.

1925101On October 24th, Guo Songling was recalled to Fengtian by Zhang's telegram, and then he was sent to Tianjin to deploy the attacking national army. After Guo arrived in Tianjin, he organized the Third Army Command on behalf of Zhang Xueliang. He seized this opportunity, placed his cronies, and frequently contacted Feng Yuxiang to prepare for the armed opposition.

1 13 10 13, Zhang Xueliang called a meeting of Guo Songling, Li and other generals in Tianjin to convey the secret order to attack the national army. Guo openly disobeyed orders at the meeting and solemnly declared that he would not fight again. At this time, Zhang also noticed Guo's infidelity, so he sent an urgent telegram to let Guo and his men concentrate in Luanzhou and return the order. Guo immediately sent someone to Baotou to contact Feng Yuxiang by secret agreement. The two sides agreed that Feng Yuxiang took the northwest, Zhili and Jehol belonged to Li, Guo was in charge of the three northeastern provinces, and Feng and Li supported the uprising.

1 19 10 19 evening, Guo Songling secretly called close brigade commanders Liu Wei, Fan Pujiang, Ji Yun and others to have an emergency meeting in national hotel, Tianjin, and publicly expressed their dissatisfaction with Zhang. 165438+1October 20th, Guo Songling ordered the troops to retreat to Luanzhou in the name of Zhang Xueliang, the commander of the army. 165438+1October 2 1 day, Guo held a military meeting at Luanzhou station, attended by about 100 people, and Guo's wife Han Shuxiu also attended the meeting. Guo lamented the disaster brought to the people by the civil war and said, "It was against us in front of the old coach ... Now, if we are asked to recover their territory and work for them, I won't do it ... I have made up my mind not to participate in the civil war again this time." Guo Songling has drawn up two plans: one is to move troops to fill the sea and not participate in the civil war; Second, at the end of the war, this unit will be unified. Please choose your signature and follow your own wishes. The vast majority of the generals at the meeting agreed, and everyone signed the declaration of the first plan. Only Zhao Enzhen, the fifth division commander, Gao, the seventh division commander, Qi Enming, the tenth division commander and Pei Chunsheng, the twelfth division commander, were hesitant, and some even expressed opposition. Guo Songling arrested these people and took them to Tianjin for detention. Finally, Guo said, "What I did was tantamount to rebellion. It will succeed naturally in the future. If I fail unfortunately, I will only die. " Mrs. Han Shuxiu replied: "If the commander dies, I will not live!"

1 1, 2 1 in the evening, Guo Songling sent a telegram to crusade against Zhang and put forward three major propositions: first, opposing civil war and advocating peace; The second is to demand that Zhang, who is a disaster to the country and the people and flatters Japan, step down and severely punish the main culprit; The third is to support Zhang Xueliang as the leader and reform the three northeastern provinces.

Guo Songling reorganized his men into five armies, with Zou Zuohua as the chief of staff and Liu Wei, Ji Yun, Wei, Fan Pujiang as the captains. 165438+1On October 23rd, 70,000 troops marched to Fengtian, and a bloody battle began.

Guo Songling, who refused to turn back, dared to struggle with Feng, not only because he was a democratic revolutionary who was essentially different from Zhang and other old warlords, but also because of Zhang Xueliang's full trust and connivance. Zhang Xueliang inherited his father Zhang Zuolin's style of "employing people without doubt, suspecting people without need", and he has extraordinary trust in Guo Songling, which has already become a beautiful talk within Fengxi Group. Therefore, when Guo Songling "often expressed dissatisfaction with Zhang's military and political measures", Zhang Xueliang "sympathized with Guo Songling" and did not stop it.

Before Guo Songling started, he was admitted to Tianjin Italian Hospital. Zhang Xueliang visited before June 20th 165438+ and advised him to return to Fengtian to "present his opinions to the general". Guo said: "The generals are old-fashioned, and they are afraid of being irretrievable under the small encirclement. We must get rid of Lao Yang and his son, and we will do this. " Although Zhang Xueliang agreed with Guo's idea of opposing warlord melee and transforming Northeast China, he still could not oppose his father in the name of disobedience. At this point, Guo Songling's rebellion has been revealed, but Zhang Xueliang still failed to convince Guo in time. Later generations analyzed that Zhang Xueliang trusted Guo Songling so much that he never thought that he would really rise up and rebel.

Guo Songling arise, zhang is never thought of. Zhang has always regarded Guo Songling as a figure assisting his son Zhang Xueliang. Guo Songling's rapid promotion has a lot to do with Zhang Xueliang and is directly related to Zhang's high hopes for Zuo Lin. After the second direct service war, Zhang rewarded Shandong overseers for their meritorious service, giving them to Zhang Zongchang, Jiangsu overseers and Anhui overseers, while Guo Songling, who made the greatest contribution, got nothing. In this regard, Zhang's explanation is: "In the future, my seat will be the sixth child, and the sixth child will be in power. Are you afraid that Guo Songling has no seat? " Zhang Zuo Lin knows that Guo Songling and Zhang Xueliang are too fat to put on a pair of trousers, and the future northeast will belong to Zhang Xueliang and Guo Songling. In Zhang's mind, Guo Songling equals Zhang Xueliang. So good weapons and good equipment can bring Guo Junlai. It can be said that at that time, almost all the elites in Feng Jun were under the command of Guo Songling.

Guo Songling's sudden rebellion shocked Zhang. At first, he mistakenly thought that Zhang Xueliang was fighting against Lao Tzu with Guo Songling. After finding out the truth, he ordered to resign and return to Dalian to find Guo Songling to fight for ammunition, and sent Zhang Xueliang to dredge directly with Guo. On 24th, Zhang Xueliang kowtowed to his father with tears in his eyes and went to Qinhuangdao, hoping to persuade Guo Songling to stop fighting and make peace. On 26th, Zhang Xueliang contacted Guo Songling's Japanese doctor Tian Fusong near Luanzhou by telephone in Qinhuangdao, and asked to meet Guo, but Guo Songling declined. 27, Zhang Xueliang wrote a personal letter to Guo, Japanese doctor Shoutian went to Changli to hand this letter over to Guo Songling, and wrote:

Brother Chen Mao Junjian:

Thanks to my brother's kindness, I have a good impression of coming to power and friendship. Only kindness can't betray a friend's righteousness. Ann is willing to forget her roots and betray her father. So my brother's so-called control of the three provinces and management of the Northeast is still worth listening to. Although Liang died, he did not dare to accept his fate, which led to the name of disobedience for thousands of years. A gentleman loves money. My brother knows me and won't force me. My brother has a strong heart and a clear mind. If the military can be stopped immediately, consultations can be proposed, which is not difficult to solve. Brother Zhi should be responsible for all the aftermath, there is no danger ... nod well.

After the letter was sent, there was still no reply. 165438+1October 27th, Zhang Xueliang sent an e to contact Shoutian for the second time, hoping that Guo Songling would stop its military operations first, and we can negotiate if there are any requirements. Guo Songling made a reply this time and proposed the following armistice conditions: (1) Guiyue, Shandong; (2) Zhili belongs to Feng Yuxiang; (3) Rehe belongs to Prunus; (4) Guo Huifeng was in power and ruled the Northeast.

At this point, the purpose of Guo Songling's anti-bong is very clear. He wants to monopolize the three northeastern provinces, so as to realize his goal of transforming the three northeastern provinces. Zhang Xueliang felt that the work of persuading Guo was a complete failure, and he no longer had illusions. Therefore, they sent planes to drop leaflets in Jun Guo, exposing Guo Songling's defection by stealing his own name and condemning his ingratitude.

Jun Guo swept across the sea with snow.

1October 28th, Jun Guo captured Shanhaiguan. 165438+1October 30th, Guo Songling moved its headquarters to Shanhaiguan, renamed its troops "Northeast National Army", and all officers and men wore the green sign of "Don't disturb the people, love the people sincerely and save the country to the death". Guo Songling no longer stole Zhang Xueliang's name, sent a telegram in the name of the commander-in-chief of the Northeast National Army, telegraphed the whole country, and then led the troops through the customs. Zhang Ye officially issued a crusade order on1October 30th 165438, ordering Zhang and Zhang Xueliang to fight in Lianshan area.

After Jun Guo went through the customs, he planned to capture Jinzhou and then Fengtian. Unexpectedly, Li suddenly turned his back on the African Union, went to war with Feng Yuxiang's national army, and seized his money and 60,000 sets of winter clothes, which made the supply of his materials difficult and threatened his future. In order to prevent Li from attacking from behind, Guo Songling ordered Wei's fifth army to return to Shanhaiguan and asked Feng Yuxiang to send troops to help. However, Feng Yuxiang hesitated and held his ground. Therefore, from the beginning, we fell into a situation where there was no rear, so we had to divide our forces to deal with Feng and Li.

On February 2, 65438, a snowstorm occurred in western Liaoning. This heavy snow makes Zhang very happy. His winter clothes were detained by Li, so it is difficult for soldiers to put on autumn clothes in this weather. As long as Feng Jun insists, Jun Guo will surrender without a fight. But unexpectedly, Jun Guo used the cover of the snowstorm to sneak attack from the frozen sea, quickly broke through the defense line of Lianshan, and captured Lianshan in the early morning of the 5th. Then, Jun Guo non-stop attack Jinzhou. Only a small part of Feng Jun's army resisted, and most of them were vulnerable. At dawn on February 7, 65438, Jun Guo captured Jinzhou, and the development of the situation was very beneficial to Guo Songling.

At that time, Zhang Zaizhang could only mobilize the Fifth Army with more than 50,000 people, but the troops in Heilongjiang could not arrive in time because the Middle East Railway controlled by the Soviet Union refused to transport Zhang's troops. On February 5, 65438, after the news of the fall of Jinzhou reached Fengtian, Zhang lost his normal state. "Right away, he ordered his wife to pack up and transfer as soon as possible, and the house was in a hurry. At 10, the checkpoint was ready, that is, 27 trams were used to transport (furniture) to and from Nanman warehouse. Then let the adjutant buy more than 65,438+00 cars of gasoline and kindling firewood. And send many guards around the building. Once the situation is urgent, set fire to them when they are ready to escape. " According to eyewitness memories, after learning that he had entered Jinzhou, Zhang "smoked on the kang all day. He smoked for a while, then got up and walked around the room again, cursing the bastard Xiaoliuzi repeatedly, and then went back to the kang to smoke for a while.

The situation forced Zhang to step down. On orders from Zhang, the governor called a meeting of heads of various companies in the provincial capital and said, "Marshal asked me to convene you to discuss. The military situation is unfavorable to us, but we can still concentrate our forces on attacking the city, but it is unbearable for the elders in our hometown to be ravaged by soldiers. The guards say politics is like acting. Guo Guizi thought I couldn't sing well, so he asked them to sing a few songs on stage. Let's go under the stage and listen. There is no need to meet each other when you are surrounded by a family. I am tired of your hard work. The car is ready. You go west along the railway to see him and explain to him that we are ready to formally hand over. "

At the beginning of the Japanese attack on Guo Songling, under the guise of "strict neutrality" and "non-interference", the Japanese secretly contacted Guo Songling in an attempt to seize the opportunity to gain benefits that they did not get in the past.

After failing to win Guo Songling, the Japanese turned to Zhang. At this critical moment, Zhang was desperate and hoped that the Japanese could help him. Zhang told the Japanese that "everything can be discussed" as long as he can keep his position. The Japanese took the opportunity to demand the construction of seven railways, including Ji Hui, and commercial lease rights, which violated China's national sovereignty. In desperation, Zhang agreed to the unreasonable demands of the Japanese, and the two sides concluded an anti-Guo secret agreement. After the war, Zhang violated all his promises to the Japanese. As compensation, Zhang personally took out $50,000 of private money to reward the Japanese personnel concerned. But it didn't play much role, and he was killed in the future, which was due to this unfulfilled anti-Guo secret agreement.

On February 8, 65438, the commander of the Kwantung Army, Gao Ben, warned Zhang and Guo: "The empire has great rights and interests in this area. Therefore, in the railway auxiliary area, that is, the garrison area of our army, when the interests of the empire are damaged or endangered by fighting or riots ... this commander will of course implement the necessary measures. " This warning seems to be aimed at both sides, but it is of great help to Zhang, who is at a disadvantage.

65438+February 10, Captain Pu Chengjiang, Chief of General Staff of Kwantung Army, went to Jinzhou Northeast National Army Headquarters to submit a warning letter to Guo Songling, and threatened: "Our empire is completely ready, and we will deal with any action plan of yours by the way." Guo Songling replied: "The lives and property of your expatriates in the three northeastern provinces are within the scope of our army. We must do our best to ensure their safety ... But the other side opposes the peaceful purpose of our army and will do whatever it takes."

At this time, the Dalinghe Railway Bridge and Goubangzi Railway were bombed by Feng Jun, and the train could not pass. Guo Songling was forced to change his strategy and head for Fengtian on foot. Another brigade was sent to attack Yingkou, copy East Road and attack Fengtian. 65438+February 65438+March, the Jun Guo striker arrived at Goubangzi, and the Righteous Brigade of the Right Army arrived at the other side of Yingkou. 65438+February 65438+April 4, Guo Songling published "Pain v. Elder in the Three Northeast Provinces", published Zhang's top ten crimes, and published his own top ten strategies for governing the country and being an official.

At this time, the Japanese submitted a second warning to Guo Songling. At the same time, Bai Chuanyi, commander of the Kwantung Army, secretly assigned Chang 'an River, the garrison of Dashiqiao, to contact and negotiate with Guo for the final win-over. An He proposed: "To enter Fengtian, we must recognize the treaty concluded between Zhang and the Japanese Empire and safeguard the special rights and investment interests of the Japanese Empire in Manchuria. In other words, you must face up to the superior position and special rights of the Japanese Empire in Manchuria. If you can agree to these conditions, the Japanese Empire will immediately give you assistance, or at least oust Zhang Zuo Lin. " Guo Songling replied: "The return of our division to the motherland is an internal affair of China. I hope your country will not interfere. I don't know what the superior position and special rights of the Japanese Empire are in Manchuria. " An He threatened to woo you: "If you don't recognize the superior position and special rights of the Japanese empire, the empire will bring you inconvenience." Guo Songling was filled with indignation: "Hang it all! If you Japanese are unreasonable and insist on interfering in China's internal affairs, you will drag me into the water and I will drag you into the mud! "

After failing to win over, the Japanese began to intervene in Jun Guo's attack. 65438+February 65438+April 65438+In the early morning of April, the Japanese garrison was ordered by Commander Shirakawa to forcibly stop Ma Zhongcheng from crossing the Liaohe River to Yingkou City, delaying Jun Guo's scheduled general attack on Feng Jun in June 65438+April. 15 In June, Commander Shirakawa designated Dashiqiao, Liaoyang, Fengtian, Fushun, Tieling, Kaiyuan, Changchun and other important towns along the 14 railway as prohibited areas for armed forces, and Jun Guo was prohibited from passing. Subsequently, under the guise of "protecting the bridge" and "changing the defense", two divisions were urgently transferred from Japan and North Korea and stationed in Masanjia, Tawan and Huanggutun to guard the sky. Once the army is in danger, they can be dispatched.

The intervention of the fleeing Japanese army gave Zhang a breathing space. He quickly reorganized the remaining troops, appointed Zhang Xueliang as commander-in-chief of the front line, and deployed troops on the east coast of Liu Ju. At this time, Zhang has about 60,000 or 70,000 troops in the river and has superior cavalry. Artillery is not as good as Jun Guo, but most of them are new artillery and Japanese heavy artillery shipped from Fengtian Arsenal. Moreover, the Japanese army personally commanded and manipulated these artillery teams, and the ammunition was also provided by the Japanese army.

Due to the Japanese intervention, Guo Jun's original plan to attack Fengtian from north to south could not be realized, so it had to fight Feng Jun at the front line in Liu Ju. On the 20th, Jun Guo captured Xinmin, a military stronghold on the west bank of Liaohe River, and the defenders were safe. Jun Guo advanced to Mukden. On February1day, Guo Songling troops and Zhang Xueliang fought a decisive battle across the Liu Ju River. Zhang Xueliang looked at the raging giant river and felt deeply: "This seems to be destiny takes a hand. In the past, Guo Songling and Xueliang practiced in the lecture hall. We are both familiar with the terrain here, so let the teachers and students compete here! "

On the 22nd, Guo Songling, troubled by severe cold and lacking food and ammunition, gave the order of general assault before the main force was concentrated. Jun Guo surrounded Xinglong Store under the command of Feng Jun, but in the end, due to the lack of ammunition supply of Liu Wenqing Brigade, the victory was turned into defeat. Then, Wu led the cavalry to Heilongjiang and blew up the ammunition depot at Baiqibao. Jun Guo was badly hit by this, and its morale was low. It is said among soldiers: "Eating the Zhang family, wearing the Zhang family and rebelling with the Guo devil are really enemies."

Zhang Xueliang stepped up his counter-offensive work, personally telephoned Jun Guo officers, explained the situation, and said that letting bygones be bygones, causing the whole line of Jun Guo to shake. Jun Guo's long-separated aide Zou Zuohua called Zhang Xueliang through the branch of the Japanese Consulate in Xinmin, saying that he would no longer fight for Guo Songling. On the 23rd night, Guo Songling held a military meeting to discuss the strategy, and the generals' attitudes were quite different. Zou Zuohua, Gao Jiyi and other generals strongly advocated "truce and peace", while Ji Yun, Liu Wei, Fan Pujiang and others actively fought the main battle. In this case, Guo Songling still decided to do or die with Feng Jun. At dawn on 24th, Guo Songling "pro-leader Du Shi". However, what Guo Songling didn't expect was that his soldiers were also Zhang Xueliang's soldiers. Zhang Xueliang's flyer "Lao Zhang's family doesn't fight Lao Zhang's family" dropped by plane greatly distracted Guo's morale and the soldiers began to defect one after another. A fatal blow to Guo was Zou Zuohua's "sudden withdrawal of the artillery brigade, stopping the supply of bullets at the front line, and it never recovered".

Seeing that the tide had run out, Guo Songling left with his wife Han Shuxiu, several staff members and more than 200 guards on the morning of February 24th, 65438. Before he left, Guo entrusted the commander Ji Yun to take over the rest of the troops and moved them to Goubangzi and Jinzhou.

In the Battle of Juliuhe, Zhang Xueliang and Han had different opinions on the defense equipment. South Korea advocates strengthening flank defense to prevent Guo Songling's sneak attack. Zhang Xueliang knew Guo Songling well and insisted: "Guo is an indomitable man, and he can fight wherever he wants. As long as we make positive fortifications, resist Jun Guo's attack, and publicize the offensive, we will certainly win. " . As expected, Zhang Xueliang defeated Teacher Guo Songling with targeted deployment and offensive tactics.

When Zou Zuohua saw that Guo Songling had left, he ordered to stop the attack and reported that Guo had left. At the same time, I called Zhang Xueliang to report: "Chen Mao has left and his men have laid down their weapons. Now everything is under control, please rest assured. " At this point, Guo Songling's rebellion after more than a month ended in failure.

After the defeat of Xiaoheyan for three days, Guo Songling led the confidential personnel and security personnel to leave Xinmin and retreat in the direction of Jinzhou. Considering the safety of Guo Songling, Han Shuxiu, his wife, advised Guo Songling to lead the Guards on horseback and leave the leaker as soon as possible. But Guo Songling remembered that Han Shuxiu couldn't ride a horse and didn't want to leave his wife behind, so he gave up riding.

Guo Songling and others disguised themselves as farmers with mule carts and walked out of Xinmin County for about 20 miles. They were chased by Wang Yongqing cavalry brigade, and the guards were defeated. Mr. and Mrs. Guo Songling were found in the farmer's grain cellar. On the afternoon of 24th, Mu Chun, the cavalry brigade commander, reported the news of Guo's arrest, and escorted Guo and his wife to the old people's yard to cook pots, waiting for orders from Fengtian. Zhang was ecstatic after hearing the news and said to Chun Mu on the phone, "Give me Guo Guizi and I will shoot him myself." After putting the phone down, I thought about it and called back: "Give me a good look at Guo Guizi. I will send someone to pick him up. I will personally ask him why he opposes me. "

On the morning of 25th, Zhang sent Gao Jinshan, the captain of the security guard, to escort Guo Songling, but soon, Zhang gave the order of "shooting Guo and his wife on the spot". According to historical records, he was worried that Dajue and Zhang Xueliang would come to the rescue, so he advised Zhang to kill Guo Songling to avoid future trouble.

1925 65438+February 25th 10, Gao Jinshan took Guo Songling and his wife to a place five miles away from the old room and shot them. Before his execution, Guo Songling did not change his face, leaving his last words to the people in the three northeastern provinces: "I advocate righteousness, and thieves will die if they are not good." After a comrade, please look at this bloody road! "Han Shuxiu, his wife, said unhurriedly," My husband died for his country, and so did I.. My husband and wife can have no regrets. I hope your generation will choose their own way to die! When Gao Jinshan ordered the shooting, Han Shuxiu looked at Guo Songling affectionately and said, "Chen Mao, I want you to watch me go first. Come on, kill me first. "

At this time, Guo Songling was 42 years old and Han Shuxiu was 35 years old.

After Guo Songling was arrested, Wang Yongqing sent a telegram to Zhang Xueliang. Zhang Xueliang learned that Gao Jinshan was ordered to escort Guo and his wife, and planned to telegraph Gao Jinshan to escort Guo to the Army Corps, hoping to save Guo Songling's life and send him to study abroad. But before the telegram was sent, he answered the phone of Gao Jinshan and told Zhang Guo that he had been executed. After receiving the news of Guo Songling's execution, Zhang Xueliang said with regret: "Guo will not leave, and he will never die."

After the Guo couple were killed, Zhang ordered the Guo couple's bodies to be transported back to Fengtian, where they were exposed for three days in Xiaoheyan Stadium, and the bodies were photographed and posted everywhere, and sent to cities and counties in the three northeastern provinces to set an example for them. At that time, there were thousands of people watching along the river.

After the death of Mr. and Mrs. Guo, their parents, younger brother and stepson fled abroad, and their bodies were cleaned up by relatives and friends, and they temporarily stayed in Chikurinji outside Xiaodongmen. After the "September 18th Incident", the family members buried Guo and his wife near their hometown, and in 1948, their stepson Guo Hongzhi was moved and buried in Qijianfang Cemetery in Dongling District, Shenyang.

Zhang Xueliang was very sorry for the death of Mr. and Mrs. Guo Songling. 1926, Zhang Xueliang wrote to Rao: "Liang has been friends for seven years, and he acted rashly last winter ... goodness cannot be observed in advance, and there is nothing he can do if things fail. Recalling the dust of the past, I am extremely arrogant, and I am only ashamed. " Later, whenever Zhang Xueliang encountered difficulties, he lamented: "With Chen Mao here, how can I be used for this difficulty?" 198 1, the 50th anniversary of the September 18th Incident, Zhang Xueliang was still lamenting that "if Guo Songling were here, the Japanese would not dare to launch the September 18th Incident". This is Zhang Xueliang's full affirmation of Guo Songling's military talents, and also his deep memory of his mentor and good friend Guo Songling.