superiority

Glass curtain wall is a new type of contemporary wall, which endows architecture with the greatest characteristics of organic unity of architectural aesthetics, architectural function, architectural energy saving and architectural structure. Buildings present different colors from different angles, and with the changes of sunlight, moonlight and lighting, they give people a dynamic aesthetic feeling.

Magnificent glass curtain wall buildings have been built in major cities on all continents, such as New York World Trade Center, Chicago Petroleum Building and Sears Building. The Bank of China Building in Hong Kong, Beijing Great Wall Hotel and Shanghai Lianyi Building have also been adopted.

Reflective insulating glass is 6 mm thick, and the weight of the wall is about 50kg/㎡, which has the advantages of lightness, beauty, less pollution and energy saving. The inner side of the outer glass of the curtain wall is coated with colored metal coating. From the appearance, the whole external wall is like a mirror, reflecting the scenery of the sky and the surrounding environment. When the light changes, the image is rich in color and varied.

Under the reflection of light, the room is not exposed to strong light and the vision is soft. China 1983 was first adopted in the Great Wall Hotel project. Most people who have been to new york will be deeply impressed by its bustling urban landscape. The towering skyscrapers are spectacular, and its glass curtain wall reflects the empty blue sky and dancing white clouds, adding gorgeous colors.

So, how is the glass curtain wall made? Glass curtain wall refers to the mirror glass used as the decoration of building exterior wall. It is made of transparent glass with trace amounts of iron, nickel, cobalt and selenium. To float glass and tempering. It can absorb infrared rays, reduce the solar radiation entering the room and reduce the indoor temperature. It can reflect light like a mirror and transmit light like glass.

disadvantaged

Glass curtain wall also has some limitations, such as light pollution and high energy consumption. However, with the emergence of new materials and new technologies, these problems are gradually brought into the comprehensive research system of architectural modeling, building materials and building energy efficiency, and discussed as a whole design problem.

light pollution

Glass curtain wall was introduced into China in 1980s. In Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Beijing, Shanghai and other large and medium-sized cities, large buildings with glass curtain walls can be seen everywhere. However, the "white pollution" in light pollution, the glass curtain wall used in urban buildings is the most typical white pollution producer. The light pollution of glass curtain wall refers to the glare caused by the mirror reflection (i.e. positive reflection) of glass when sunlight and skylight directly hit the glass surface. In life, the noise generated by the reflection of glass curtain wall will lead to dizziness, temporary blindness and frequent accidents. First, light pollution is the killer of accidents. The glass curtain wall building standing beside the busy road or intersection is like a huge mirror with a width of tens of meters and a height of nearly 100 meters, which shines in the sun and reflects (even reflects) the vehicles and traffic lights on the ground many times. When the reflected light enters a high-speed car, it will cause sudden temporary blindness and optical illusion, stimulate the driver's sight in an instant, or make him feel dizzy, which will cause serious harm to pedestrians and drivers. According to some drivers in Beijing, when driving from west to east around 4 pm, the strong reflection stung my eyes. If I am not vigilant, this kind of light pollution may cause traffic accidents and threaten people's lives. Secondly, light pollution has also brought troubles to the lives of nearby residents, especially those glass curtain walls built near residential areas, which will have reflections on the surrounding buildings.

According to the research of optical experts, the reflected light of mirror architectural glass is stronger than sunlight, and its reflectivity is as high as 82% ~ 90%. In summer, sunlight is reflected indoors, which makes the room temperature rise by 4 ~ 6℃ on average, and the expenditure on air conditioning increases greatly, which affects people's normal life and use. What's more, people who work and live in a white and bright polluted environment for a long time are likely to lead to vision loss, dizziness, insomnia, palpitation, loss of appetite and depression, which will change people's normal physiology and psychology, and will induce some diseases for a long time. The State Environmental Protection Agency receives many complaints about light pollution from all over the country every year, and attaches great importance to it. In addition, the glass curtain wall is easy to be polluted, especially in the northern region where there is much dust in the atmosphere, serious air pollution and little rain, and it is more likely to be dusty and messy, which will not only add "glory" to the urban landscape, but also lose "face". Because some glass curtain walls are made of inferior materials, the construction quality is not high, the colors are uneven and the ripples are different, resulting in glass curtain walls like mirrors. In the sun, every glass does not show a balanced light and shadow, but it is everywhere.

Obviously, such a building is difficult to be associated with lightness and luxury, which can only make people feel bizarre and ridiculous, and the image of the city is greatly reduced. Although light pollution is very harmful, it can be prevented as long as proper measures are taken. There are three measures to prevent the glass curtain wall from reflecting light: first, the material should be rough, such as ground glass, not total reflection glass; Second, pay attention to the installation angle of glass curtain wall, and try not to use glass curtain wall in concave and inclined buildings; Third, double-layer glass can be installed in the glass curtain wall, and black light-absorbing materials can be pasted on the glass inside, so that a lot of light can be absorbed and the influence of reflected light on the public can be avoided.

Glass self-explosion

In recent years, due to the increasing size of glass panels in new architectural design, there are more and more glass curtain walls and buildings are getting higher and higher. The phenomenon of "self-explosion" of various glasses after installation occurs from time to time. Some building scaffolding has not been removed, and the glass began to "self-explode" continuously, resulting in personal injuries. Causing the media, owners and other aspects to think that it is a glass quality problem; And this phenomenon only happens in China. "Self-explosion" is only an individual phenomenon in a large number of tempered glass. However, when many cases come together, they become the subject matter of hot speculation in society and the media. Actually, it's not. There are many factors that lead to glass breakage, and the phenomenon of "glass rain" of "self-explosion" of glass has also appeared abroad.

The so-called "self-explosion" of tempered glass is mainly because the glass contains tiny impurities such as nickel sulfide, polysilicon and Al2O3. Under the continuous action of external force, the allowable stress of glass is exceeded, and the damage with "butterfly spot" state is produced. Due to its amorphous structure, glass has a very strong compressive strength, but its ability to resist bending, bending and twisting is very weak. The theoretical compressive strength of the glass surface can reach 1200kg/cm2, but the defects on the glass surface are caused in the production process. Therefore, the glass strength value determined in JJ113-2009 Technical Specification for Architectural Glass Application is still relatively low.

The strength of tempered glass is 3 ~ 5 times higher than that of ordinary glass. The strength of semi-tempered glass is 1 ~ 2 times higher than that of ordinary glass. Because of its crystal structure, glass has high compressive strength, but low bending and bending strength. Therefore, when the tensile stress acting on the glass surface exceeds the allowable range of glass strength, the glass will be damaged. The main reasons for glass breakage are: design reasons; Causes of production links; Reasons in the field of transportation; Reasons during installation; Causes of building settlement; Man-made reasons; Causes of natural disasters; Quality problems of the original glass plate; The reason of glass "self-explosion" and so on.

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