Legal subjectivity:

Electronic signatures have legal effect. However, the electronic signature must be exclusive to the electronic signer and have the same legal effect as a handwritten signature or seal. Electronic signature refers to a signature that uses digital technology to determine the true identity of the signer. Legal objectivity:

Article 13 of the "Electronic Signature Law of the People's Republic of China" If an electronic signature meets the following conditions at the same time, it is deemed to be a reliable electronic signature: (1) The electronic signature production data is used for When signing electronically, it is exclusive to the electronic signer; (2) the electronic signature production data is only controlled by the electronic signer when signing; (3) any changes to the electronic signature after signing can be discovered; (4) the data message after signing Any changes in content and form can be detected. The parties may also choose to use an electronic signature that meets their agreed reliability conditions. Article 14 of the "Electronic Signature Law of the People's Republic of China" A reliable electronic signature has the same legal effect as a handwritten signature or seal.