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I haven't worked in Windows for half a year. Linux has done all my work efficiently.

GNU/Linux is not what everyone wants to use. If you only need to deal with general affairs and play games, then you don't need to know the following.

I'm not a fanatic about free software, although I like free software very much. This article is not used to promote the free software movement, although I think the free software movement is very good.

This article is not used to compare the kernel efficiency, file system and network service between Linux and Windows. I am speaking as a user, not a developer, and our discussion is based on operation and application. It's to tell scientists and college students who don't know or understand UNIX. UNIX is more suitable for scientific research than Windows. Please understand the working mode of UNIX. Don't use Windows standards to demand Linux, but use the standards of a scientist to demand yourself and arm yourself with UNIX ideas.

I am obviously opposed to the promotion of Windows in universities, especially in science and engineering majors. I also oppose the use of Windows in the computer enlightenment education for "dolls". Because Windows is incompatible with our goal of cultivating high-tech talents in terms of technology, economy and ideological style. The popularity of Windows is a problem left over from history. Of course, people at the grandpa level are hopeless, but we should not let the next generation go astray.

UNIX is not the patent of computer experts

When I suggested that some non-computer majors use Linux, many people said, "UNIX is used by people in the computer department, and we can't understand it." "UNIX is for boys, but we girls don't."

But in fact, most scientists and engineers in the world almost use UNIX as their computer tools. Just because it is simple, reliable, stable, powerful and interesting. Even many times UNIX is the only choice.

You said, "If we can all use UNIX, what are you computer professionals doing?" I'm glad to tell you that some people majoring in computer science provide you with such powerful and convenient computer tools. What's the use of the tool they make if only they can use it?

understand GNU/Linux

don't use Windows standards to require Linux.

because the word GNU/Linux is too long, unless otherwise specified below, "Linux" means "GNU/Linux".

in this era, I'm afraid no one needs me to introduce what Linux is, right? If you think that "Linux is just something similar to DOS", please ask the Linux users next to you what Linux is.

Then why did I write such an article? Because, I find that there are still many people who don't understand Linux and UNIX. Although they are using it, they sometimes ask, "Why can't Linux be like Windows ...?" , "Why can't Redhat Linux mount NTFS partition!" , "What is used to organize the hard disk under Linux?" "When will OpenOffice be fully compatible with Word files?" "What can Windows do now that Linux can't?" ......

They have 4G hard disks, but only 2G space is allocated for Linux, and sometimes they complain, "Why does this thing occupy so many hard disks!" It seems that Windows should occupy most of the hard disk. They put important data in the partition of Windows, and it seems that they don't trust Linux. They are always looking for novel and beautiful GUI programs everywhere, and they are dismissive of anything on the command line. They are interested in drag &; Drop, menu configuration, automatic upgrade are very interested. If they find a Linux program that looks like a Windows program, they will be happy to say, "Haha! Linux can also ...! " If Linux beats Windows in a certain test, they will jump for joy. When they can't solve problems with Linux, they even use Wine to run Windows programs. Sometimes there is really no way, so we have to restart Windows, or simply save trouble and install a VMWare virtual Linux under Windows to play.

If you have the above situation, it means that your thoughts have been influenced and misled by Windows in a subtle way. You haven't been able to understand the UNIX ideas that exist in Linux in essence. You support Linux, you like Linux, and you can feel happy from it, which is very good. All you need to understand now is that Linux has never been a toy, it is a descendant of the genius UNIX. UNIX is the greatest invention since the invention of transistor, and it has been better than the design of Windows since its birth.

You have to understand what "design" means. A bad design can't be improved by sewing and mending later, but an excellent design can not only change with constant changes, but also affect the latecomers. An excellent design coupled with an excellent implementation is an excellent invention. Linux is such an excellent invention. Linux doesn't need to catch up with Windows or crush Microsoft. Its ultimate goal is to change the whole computer world, give people freedom, and give people fun and convenience.

Unix is simple, and you don't need to be a genius to understand it.

Dennis Ritchie, the designer of UNIX, said, "UNIX is simple. It just takes a genius to understand its simplicity." But I don't think so, because I'm not a genius, but I bravely deleted Windows completely and tried to solve things I didn't understand by UNIX, instead of asking for help from Windows. Now that I have realized the ideas and benefits of UNIX, I can work several times more efficiently than Windows. Because I believe in this belief: "What Windows can do, Linux can certainly do it, and do it better."

the beginning of this section should be changed to: "Unix is simple, you don't need to be a genius or a computer expert. But in this world that rejects Windows misconceptions, you need faith and courage to understand its simplicity. " I'll tell you something I understand below. First of all, what you need to know is that Microsoft has no position in the international science field at all.

Microsoft's position

You may have heard that Microsoft's reputation is bad in universities in Europe and the United States, especially in computer departments. I know MIT, Stanford professors, experts in Bell Labs, and even a high school computer teacher in a small European country never mentioned Microsoft's name. In their eyes, Microsoft is just a small company that has no real technology and only relies on commercial propaganda and monopoly management in backward countries. This "small" does not mean that it has fewer people and less money, but that it has less advanced technology.

last time, I collaborated with Wang Yi to write an algorithm demonstration program. The algorithm was invented by Steven Fortune, a scientist at Bell Labs. In order to make the program available to most people around us, we chose VC+MFC as the platform. When I analyzed the algorithm, I was warmly encouraged by Fortune, sent me a document, and wrote back many times to patiently explain many details to me. But after the program was completed, I sent the sample to Fortune, and he wrote back and said, "I'm sorry. There is no MFC on my machine. " It's very polite, but I already feel his disdain for Windows. Then I statically compiled MFC into the program and sent it to him, and he never wrote back. He obviously doesn't look down on me, but he does have difficulties.

Can you feel the scientist's attitude towards Microsoft and Windows? It's not disgust, but there is no such thing as Windows in his heart! Microsoft has not developed in the high-tech field, so how can it survive? Go to developing countries to develop. Their people still know nothing about computers. Maybe I can even enter the computer department of a university. I gave them software, I donated money to build a building, and I paid for Turing Prize winners to give speeches, making them feel that we are all scientists!

well, at present, almost all universities in China, including Tsinghua, have pirated Win2 and Office XP installed on their machines. The course selection system of the school is non-IE, so you can't browse correctly. Papers are edited in Word, and presentations are made in ppt. The notification attachment of email is doc file. You can't open it without Word, and even the 863 project is written in VC. I read a newspaper a long time ago and said, "Why doesn't Microsoft crack down on piracy?" This article said that instead of cracking down on piracy in China, Microsoft tends to let it go. Put a long line to catch a big fish, "I want you to pay me back twice in the future!" " Indeed, its purpose is almost realized.

China computer education under the cover of p>Windows

To put it mildly, Bill Gates was my idol a long time ago ...//Blush

In China, Bill Gates was regarded as a "young computer genius" by many people, and some even made a gesture of "throwing their fists at the sky" when he mentioned his name. Many people talk about Microsoft's "new technology" and "high technology" are all very happy. All kinds of books such as "VC Programming Bible" and "Learn more about Visual C++" will have very disgusting words in the first few pages. "In that chaos, a groundbreaking wizard, Windows 1., was born ..."

Microsoft software has been stolen by so many people, so how do people use these pirated programs? Let's take a look at the computer training class, which teaches some DOS commands, typing, basic operation of Windows, Word document processing, PowerPoint, advanced classes, maybe Excel, Access…… ... There are a constant stream of people taking various Microsoft certification exams, MCSE and MSDE. The words "28 yuan, until you pass the exam" have been posted in the exam remedial classes. Exam reference materials are even more expensive, and some computer bookstores have two shelves full of "Microsoft Press" things. I have a classmate who takes the certification exam, and each exam costs more than 2 yuan. And if you fail the exam once, you can take it again, and you have to pay. Later, he relished telling me, Look at me, I spent XXXX (a four-digit number) yuan to pass the Microsoft certification, and got a certificate signed by Bill Gates and an internal distribution of Windows XP worth 6, yuan.

"Computers should start with dolls". Let's take a look at what the dolls are learning. After most parents buy computers for their children, they will first install a pirated Windows, and then buy pirated games and start playing. If any child can program with Delphi, that's great. Newspaper reporters and TV stations rushed to report that junior high school students in a certain school had written programs in Delphi while others were still playing computer games. The camera also aimed at the head of Bill Gates in the frame above his monitor!

I didn't know what an operating system was when I first entered the computer department of the university, because I only used "Chinese learning machine" before. Seeing that the new students are talking about "Windows 95" and "VC" ... I simply feel that I am decades behind, and the whole native can't answer them at all. I finally found a familiar classmate and asked, "What is Wen 95 you talk about every day?" A: "win95 is an operating system, which is the same as DOS." "What is a dead flower?" "You don't even know what DOS is? Don't get mixed up in the computer department. " Of course, we don't talk about VC programming in school, but the teacher who attended Pascal once said, "Hey, our school is really backward. Now everyone else uses C, C++ and even VC, and we are still talking about Pascal. I don't know when I can have a VC class. You have to use VC when you go out, so you have to teach yourself. " As a result, some students often hold a very heavy book such as "Windows Programming Encyclopedia" in class and don't listen at all. When I was eating, I kept saying, "Code optimization is endless" and "Hungarian nomenclature is really a great invention" ... This is the situation of computer departments in many universities in China.

feeling ignorant? This is not accidental, but the foreshadowing laid by Microsoft for a long time. It should make ignorant people regard it as sacred. It should make people who support UNIX and Xwindow say that UNIX is good and Xwindow is good, and be preached by a group of people: "This Windows can do it", "You are biased against Windows", "Microsoft is the mainstream" and "How dare you look down on win2k?" ".NET is the trend of the world", "Microsoft's is a new technology after all", "Money means technology" ... Even after some arguments and comparisons, we still have to say: "Windows has poor performance, but it is easy to use", "Windows is used by ordinary people, so don't be so demanding", "Microsoft is so rich, isn't it easy to surpass UNIX in the future?" .....

computer education in developed countries

I met a Danish when I posted a question about Scheme language in USENET some time ago. He solved all my problems and suggested that I read some "profound" books about grammar and grammar of programming languages. He told me that many websites can learn LISP, Scheme, artificial intelligence and algorithms. He asked me to see Jonathan.