The condensed art of calligraphy and painting-the structure of fan folding fan consists of two parts: fan face and fan bone. According to the texture, there are two main departments: paper and silk. As a work of art, fans began in the Song Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, people wrote poems and painted on paper folding fans. In the Southern Song Dynasty, silk folding fans appeared. Due to the popularity of round fans in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, few people used folding fans, and folding fans are fragile daily necessities, so the physical objects handed down are extremely rare. In the middle of Ming dynasty, folding fan calligraphy and painting became popular. Because the sector is semicircular in shape, its composition is unique, forming an interesting painting scene. No matter "paintings" such as landscapes, figures, flowers, birds and animals, or "books" such as poems and songs, you can create a composition effect with fresh and changeable style and complex layout, thus breaking through the traditional painting and calligraphy mode and opening a new page for the history of painting and calligraphy in China. However, it should be pointed out that not all the surviving plates are worth collecting and investing. The reason is very simple: fan calligraphy and painting, like ordinary calligraphy and painting works, only fine works have appreciation and appreciation value. Let's briefly introduce the investment-worthy sectors according to different time and categories. After Chenghua in Ming Dynasty, Fan art entered a glorious period, and many famous painters (such as Shen Zhou, Lan Ying, Tang Yin, Dong Qichang, etc.) appeared. ) left an immortal work on the fan, which is an important part of the artistic heritage of Chinese painting and calligraphy. These plates are precious and hard to find, and many collectors regard them as the highest pursuit goal. On the basis of fan-shaped calligraphy and painting in Ming Dynasty, there was a new development in Qing Dynasty. During this period, famous artists came forth in large numbers and their works were diverse. In addition to continuing to show the individual artistic styles of various famous schools, the joint creation of two or more people is also very popular, including the cooperation between couples, teachers and students and friends. For example, the fan of "Plum Branches" painted by Gaoxiang was inscribed by Jin Nong and Zhang Chen. During the Qianlong period, several folding fans were engraved with Liu Tongxun's calligraphy and painted with Zou Yigui's orchids and butterflies or Jiang Qianxi's peony flowers. Among them, the way of "one word, one painting" was created by two people and was widely imitated by scholars. For example, Liang Qichao's calligraphy fan was painted by Yu Shaosong; Chen's calligraphy fan was formed by his disciple Chen Maodong folding peony branches with meticulous brushwork. Interestingly, the fan of "Ke Qiao Bamboo and Stone Map" was created by a famous artist and his five disciples, with tacit cooperation and seamless style. After the Republic of China, the cooperation of "one word, one painting" became more popular, and this form has been passed down to this day. Because partners have high artistic accomplishment, they can greet each other and set off each other, and naturally they can receive the same artistic effect. This kind of fan is favored by collectors. Judging from the auction price over the years, it is generally much higher than a single work. Since the Qing Dynasty, folding fan art has once again shown its historical glory, and many painters and painters have made deliberate innovations in fan composition, especially in landscape painting. Usually, landscape painting pays attention to the "horizon", but the sector is wide and narrow, showing a semicircle. If the horizon is still treated horizontally, the two corners at the lower end of the fan are bound to form a blank. In order to make the composition reasonable and the scenery natural, the creator has created three new compositions: full composition, corner composition and composition on both sides of a river. Among them, the full composition is to let the scenery occupy most of the space, and the overall feeling is more empty than less, usually depicting mountain scenery; Corner composition is to concentrate the main scenery on the lower corner of the left or right side, or extend downward from the left or right side, and the overall feeling is more virtual than real; The composition on both sides of a river mainly shows the scenery on both sides of a river, such as a spring crossing left and right, or flowing up and down, or oblique flow. These three forms of composition opened a new chapter for the later development of fan-shaped landscape painting. Many painters have created a large number of excellent fan-shaped landscape paintings with exquisite composition, novel theme, majestic momentum and beautiful scenery, which have been favored by collectors in past dynasties. Such as Yuan Jiang, Wang Jian, Huang, Zhang Daqian, etc. It is regarded as a masterpiece in the calligraphy and painting market at home and abroad, which has important significance for maintaining and increasing value. The achievements of landscape fans also have a great influence on the innovation of flower-and-bird fans. Modern painters Gao Xiang, Wang Yun, Jin Yang, Ren Bonian, Qi Baishi, Fu Baoshi, etc. All have fresh flower-and-bird fan styles, which are also very popular in domestic and foreign markets. In addition, since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some famous painters and calligraphers have a habit, that is, when drawing and writing a fan, they always consider the technical level of the fan bone first, and even only the fan bone from famous artists will be willing to brush off the ink. For example, the fan bones made by famous Suzhou bone makers Li Zhao, Ma Xun, Ma Fu and Liu Yutai in the Ming Dynasty are unforgettable, which has high appreciation value and economic value at that time and now.