1. Unified format. Nowadays, visas are generally placed in Word. A form must be made uniformly with coordinated font sizes as a unified format for engineering visas.

2. The written expression should be clear. Including the location of the project where the visa is issued and a detailed description of the project method, from which the project volume can be basically calculated. The machinery shift, labor, etc. must be clearly expressed, and the transportation distance of earthworks must be clear, etc.

3. Be aware of the budget quota. Don’t set your own quota when applying for a visa, because this job is the responsibility of the budgeter. If your budget is not too high and you have written some quota on your visa, problems may arise that will not please both parties. But despite this, those who do construction still need to understand budgeting. When applying for a visa, they must always check the quota and think about how to sign so that the budgeter can calculate more. For example, in earthwork construction, there are contracts for water pumping stations and groundwater elevations. You cannot definitely say which one is higher. You have to decide which one you choose based on the size of the project.

4. Use drawings to express as much as possible. As a qualified constructor, we need to master the simple use of CAD. When making visas, we should use drawings as much as possible. This can make the owner or supervisor clear at a glance. If the drawing is clear, the deduction will be less. It is recommended that when you make a visa in Word, you can use software such as picture cutting to cut the drawings drawn in CAD into pictures (the CAD background is set to white and the drawing lines are uniformly black) and inserted into Word. I am now helping several civil engineering bosses to apply for visas in my spare time, all done in CAD. Using Word to make visas has become a thing of the past. During the implementation of the project, the contract price is equal to the winning bid price plus visa change fees and related fees that are allowed to be adjusted as stipulated in the contract. Project budget and settlement personnel should be familiar with contract provisions and apply for visas in a timely manner to increase project income. There are four parts that affect the unit's project cost: design changes, on-site visas, technical measures, and material substitution. Among them, "on-site visa" has the most loopholes, is difficult to manage, has many human factors, and may cause great disputes, which directly affects the determination and control of project costs. On-site visa is a written procedure signed by the owner's representative, supervising engineer and construction unit leader at the construction site to confirm certain special circumstances during construction activities. Therefore, strengthening the management of on-site visas is an important part of controlling project costs. 1. Current problems with on-site visas

In all the projects I have come into contact with, there are more or less problems with on-site visas, mainly in the following aspects:

2. Irregular visa. On-site visas generally require the signatures of the owner, supervisor, and construction unit. It will only take effect if it is stamped. The absence of either party does not constitute an irregular visa and cannot be used as a basis for settlement.

3. Visa violation. Some owners do not have professional project investment control personnel and do not understand the relevant regulations on project cost. Some construction units use deceptive means to obtain visas that violate the regulations. This type of visa is also not recognized.

II. Issues that should be paid attention to on-site visa

On-site visa is inevitable. It not only affects the project cost in the unit project, but also has the "three excesses" in the project cost management. Hidden danger. Therefore, in order to strengthen on-site visa management, plug "loopholes" and reduce on-site visa fees to a minimum, the following issues should be paid attention to:

1. On-site visa must be in writing and the procedures must be complete.

2. No visa is allowed for projects that are specified within the budget quota.

3. The content of the on-site visa should be clear, the project should be clear, the quantity should be accurate, and the unit price should be reasonable.

4． On-site visas must be issued in a timely manner, and visas must be issued at any time during construction. Visas must be issued one at a time, one issue at a time, and processed in a timely manner.

5． Representatives of Party A and Party B should take the on-site visa work seriously, improve their sense of responsibility, resolve problems through negotiation, issue visas in a timely manner, and handle them in a timely manner.

3. Strengthen on-site visa during the construction stage

On-site visa is a written document used to confirm certain special circumstances encountered during construction during construction production activities. Therefore, in addition to the design change notice, project change certificate or minutes, material substitution certificate, technical measure plan of construction organization design, relevant issues clearly specified in the quota, there should also be technical documents and notice certificates. Items such as meeting minutes coordinated by Party A and Party B should not be exempted from visas, and the scope of on-site visas should be strictly controlled.

1． Visa during earth excavation: handling of underground obstacles. After excavation of the foundation, if obstacles such as ancient tombs, pipes, cables, air raid shelters are found, the visa will be prepared with the processing results of Party A and the supervision engineer. If you can draw a picture Try to draw the representation, otherwise, express it clearly in writing; when excavation of the foundation, if the groundwater level is too high, the labor, machinery and materials required to drain the groundwater must be signed; if the foundation is weak, the labor, materials and machinery used to treat the foundation Apply for a visa and make trench inspection records; if the earthwork on site is miscellaneous and cannot be used for backfilling the foundation pit, the allocation plan for the earthwork, such as the transportation distance of the earthwork on site, the purchase of backfill earthwork and its return transportation distance; large-scale Reasonable entry and exit fees for earthmoving machinery.

2． Losses caused by engineering design changes to the construction unit after the project starts, such as errors in construction drawings, or losses in labor, material, and machinery costs caused by design changes after the project has started and the construction unit has already started work or cut materials. Visas for labor, materials, and machinery required for minor repairs and modifications required by the project.

3． Loss from work stoppage: Water and power outages caused by Party A's responsibility exceed the scope of the quota. During this period, the usage of machinery, manual work, and turnover materials used on the construction site must be clearly documented.

4. When Party A supplies materials, the losses caused to the construction party are caused by untimely or substandard materials. During the construction of the contracted labor and materials project, because the materials specified by Party A to be purchased do not meet the requirements, the construction unit must obtain a visa for secondary processing and a visa for material processing content that is not included in the quota according to the design requirements. Cooperation costs required for projects directly subcontracted by Party A.