Today, Bian Xiao will sort out some basic knowledge of foreign trade export process, provide the most detailed foreign trade process, and let everyone know more about foreign trade, so as to make better overall arrangements and control all links in the process of doing business.
0 1 query
That is, inquiries from B2B, Google, Facebook, exhibitions and old customers. , which may involve: price, specification, quality, quantity, packaging, shipment and samples, etc. And most of them just ask about the price, which can also be called inquiry.
02 quotation
In the process of international trade, the first step is product quotation. The quotation mainly includes: product quality grade, product specification and model, whether the product has special packaging requirements, quantity of purchased products, delivery time requirements, product transportation mode, product material, etc.
Commonly used quotations include: FOB, CNF, CIF, insurance and freight, etc.
sign a contract
In international trade, there is no fixed form of sales contract.
Generally, there are formal contracts, confirmations, agreements, memoranda, orders, entrusted purchase orders and so on. All the above can be regarded as contracts, unless one party declares that "signature shall prevail".
04 mode of payment
There are three commonly used payment methods in the world, namely, letter of credit, wire transfer and direct payment. Payment by letter of credit Letters of credit are divided into clean letters of credit and documentary letters of credit. Documentary letter of credit refers to a letter of credit with specified documents, and a letter of credit without any documents is called a clean letter of credit. Simply put, a letter of credit is a document that guarantees the exporter to recover the payment.
TT payment method TT payment method is settled in foreign exchange cash, and customers can remit the money to the foreign exchange bank account designated by your company, and can request remittance within a certain period after the goods arrive. Direct payment refers to direct delivery payment by buyers and sellers.
05 socks
Stocking is actually purchasing goods or placing orders to produce goods in the factory. After the goods are ready, they must be inspected by the State Administration of Import and Export Commodity Inspection and Quarantine, otherwise they cannot be declared for export.
Stocking must be carried out in accordance with the contract. The quality, specifications, quantity and packaging of the goods shall meet the requirements of the contract or letter of credit.
In order to ensure quality and delivery, generally speaking, foreign trade companies will send special personnel (such as merchandisers and QC) to the factory to track production and inspect goods. There are also specialized inspection agencies (third parties) designated by foreigners, such as SGS, OMIS, BV, etc.
After the production is finished and the goods are packed, the factory should provide the packing list to the foreign trade company.
06 customs declaration
First of all, we must deal with the customs, that is, declare the customs and get the pass, including accepting the declaration, examining the documents, inspecting the goods, collecting taxes, clearing customs and releasing them.
07 freight
After the customs declaration is completed, the next step is freight. You need to charter a ship and book a warehouse to deliver the goods to the guests.
Contact the freight forwarding company as soon as possible, inform the delivery requirements, and know the export port and shipping date of the exported goods. At the same time, we must link the delivery time and delivery date of the factory on time (put in storage on time), reach the delivery date stipulated by the guests, and send a written notice of booking to the freight company as soon as possible before the delivery date.
When booking shipping space from a freight company, you must book the shipping space in written form (such as fax), indicating the scheduled shipment date, container type and quantity, destination port, etc. In order to avoid mistakes.
After the factory finishes loading the container, it needs a loading notice, which lists the departure time of the container, the actual loading quantity, etc. The packing number and sealing number are used as the information of the bill of lading, and the factory is required to seal the container after loading.
08 bill of lading
The bill of lading is a document signed by the shipping company for the importer to pick up the goods and settle the foreign exchange after the exporter goes through the formalities of export declaration and customs clearance.
The signed bill of lading is issued according to the number of copies required by the letter of credit, usually three copies. The exporter keeps two copies for tax refund and other businesses, and one copy is sent to the importer for delivery and other procedures.
When shipping goods by sea, the importer must take delivery with the original bill of lading, packing list and invoice (the exporter must send the original bill of lading, packing list and invoice to the importer). If the goods are transported by air, you can directly fax the bill of lading, packing list and invoice to pick up the goods.
09 foreign exchange settlement
After the export goods are shipped, the import and export company shall, in accordance with the provisions of the letter of credit, handle the negotiation and settlement of foreign exchange with the bank within the validity period of the documents presented in the letter of credit.
10 Write-off
Write-off of processing trade means that the processing trade unit submits valid data such as the Processing Trade Registration Manual and the Special Import and Export Declaration Form to the customs after the execution of the contract, and the customs checks the import and export and the consumption of materials under the contract to determine the subsequent customs management such as collection, exemption, refund and tax payment.
1 1 tax refund
Export tax rebate, referred to as export tax rebate, refers to a measure to refund part or all of the tax levied on export goods to exporters, which is also an international practice. Its basic meaning refers to the refund of product tax, value-added tax, business tax and special consumption tax actually paid by export goods in the process of domestic production and circulation.
Export tax rebate system is an important part of tax revenue. Export tax rebate is mainly to balance the tax burden of domestic products by returning the domestic tax paid for export goods, so that domestic products can enter the international market at tax-free cost and compete with foreign products under the same conditions, thus enhancing their competitiveness and expanding their export earnings.