The Sultan secretly commissioned Uncle Black to make a book to celebrate his prosperous empire and rich life. Uncle Black intends to draw ten detailed illustrations in this masterpiece. He asked four talented detailed painters to draw this important book with him. However, Mr. Elegance, the painter, died of murder before the book was finished, and then even his uncle was killed at home. As a result, the protagonist Hei, who returned from wandering 12, was involved in an assassination, a love dispute, a dispute between painting style and religious belief. After careful identification and analysis of the traces of painting, Hei finally succeeded in finding out the murderer and winning love. On the surface, this novel is a horrible murder and lingering love story, but there is a profound religious and cultural content behind it.
If we analyze the murder motive of the murderer Olive according to the acceptance of mystery novels, we will find that the more pictures the author tells about the murder story. Olive, as a murderer, is brilliant and an extremely devout art believer. The author endowed him with lofty artistic beliefs, which also made him collapse. He sticks to Master Ossie's painting thought, firmly believes that the traditional fine painting rules can make him immortal, and is eager to take the road of ancient painting smoothly. He knows that the artistic rules he believes in are being seriously impacted and will soon be crushed, but he still can't give up his dependence on tradition. When another master of miniature painting, his uncle, fell in love with Frank's painting, olives finally got out of hand. In fact, the fate of olives is a metaphor for the situation in the Islamic world in the16th century. With the destruction of a series of masters of art, the author dedicated a melancholy and isolated soul to Turkey. It is this melancholy and isolated tone that makes Turkey and my name Hong stand in front of the people of the world. All beings in the story "My name is Red" are talking. All people, living and dead, men and women, are talking. Narrative has become everyone's way of life. The victim said a lot from the beginning, the woman mumbled at night, the old man chattered in the treasure house, and even a painted tree was indignant.
My name is red not only brings freshness to readers, but also gives the novel a sense of music. With the constant change of narrative angle, readers' thoughts are constantly interrupted and blocked. Until the end of the whole story, readers can get the impression that the whole story has systematic logic through rethinking. This narrative structure has produced a defamiliarization artistic effect for readers, and the story is no longer the focus of narrative, but the structure of the story has become the carrier of aesthetic implication. With the constant increase and transformation of narrative angle, the noisy pattern of independent voice appears, which enhances the appeal and poetic effect of novel narrative, thus bringing confusing and mysterious aesthetic enjoyment effect. Undoubtedly, the novel My Name is Red is not obscure in narrative mode and its profound cultural connotation, which makes it not only favored by the general public, but also won Nobel Prize in Literature.
First, the limited knowledge of multiple narrative perspectives
All the complicated problems of novel skills depend on the viewpoint, that is, the relationship between the narrator and the story, and the essence of the novel lies in that the "all-knowing and all-powerful novelist" intentionally disappears from the novel and a controlled "viewpoint" reappears. As a narrative art that attaches importance to narrative skills, narrative perspective is the key to its skills. Narrator is telling a story. An ordinary story, in order to be wonderful and fascinating, must make readers feel immersive.
When telling a story, the narrator must be consistent with the characters in the story he wants to tell, that is, the parties to the story, as if the narrator were the parties to the story. In this way, from the perspective of the characters in the story, the narrator regards all the parties in the story as the narrator himself, observes everything and experiences everything from the perspective of the parties in the story. At this time, the narrative perspective is limited, and the narrator keeps sneaking into different roles with the change of roles, giving people the feeling of being there. My name is red is a work with diversified narrative perspectives, which has a real and touching effect.
(A) limited first-person narrative
Readers will find that there is a "I" and "I am?" When they open the novel catalogue, it is in the titles of all chapters in the book. "What's my name?" "People call me?" "? It's me ",and every chapter of this novel tells the story in the first person" I "without exception. This is that the narrator regards all the parties in the story as himself. The first-person narrative is the story of the dead. The title of the first novel is "I am a dead man", and this part is told to readers by a dead man who was pushed to a dry well. "Now I am a dead man, a corpse lying at the bottom of the well, and my heart has stopped beating, but no one knows what happened to me except that despicable murderer." At first, I just thought that the deceased was calmly telling the story of his murder. This preface of the novel, the confession of the deceased, is novel and legendary, leaving great suspense. This limited first-person narrative avoids the defects of omniscient and omnipotent narrative, and presents a more convincing real effect, which is exciting. In the following murder investigation, everyone tells his personal experience and inner truth in the first person. Pamuk did not tell the story in an authoritative or seemingly objective tone, but revealed some new information through the narration of the parties on the basis of the original known information, but constantly limited the narrator's perspective. This perspective always keeps the information within the known range of the story parties, constantly creates suspense, arouses readers' expectation psychology, and creates a good atmosphere of suspense cases, which is welcomed by ordinary readers.
(B) the diversity of narrative roles
In addition, from the title of the catalogue, although the 59 chapters of the book tell stories from the perspective of the first person "I", it can be clearly seen that each chapter
Different people (including people and things) tell stories: "I am dead", "My name is black", "I am a dog", "People call me a murderer" and "I am your uncle". There are 20 characters in the book, among which not only the living people such as Hei and Xie Kurui are talking about being alive. Whether alive or dead, animals, plants and even abstract colors and death have become equal narrators in this novel, and each chapter focuses on the story from different narrative angles. The author tells the story with various voices, avoiding the cramped and narrow story caused by always adopting the first-person perspective, but letting all voices talk freely. For example, through the description of the murderer "Auliffe" in Chapter 28, readers can understand that he didn't go to his uncle's house to kill again, as if it was his uncle's repeated stimulation and provocation that made him attack him. The killing process was very simple. The next 29 stories tell the story of the murdered uncle, but readers feel the cruelty of the murderer, and the time before death is slowing down. The story of murder and being killed is directly presented to the readers, who need to distinguish right from wrong by themselves, and the content contained in the novel is richer and deeper.
Although all the narrators of My Name is Hong are telling their own stories, the characters are just like relay races, and the content told by the next narrator is only closely connected with the content of the previous section without trace. These different narrators reveal plots and clues to readers from time to time, leading readers to enter one secret door after another as if they were exploring, and complete this gloomy and strange story. This narrative method undoubtedly creates a lot of suspense, which is very suitable for the atmosphere of such a story with murder as the main body. This diversified narrative method with limited narrative perspective has broken the traditional omniscient narrative of realism in the past, and more subtly, My Name is Red has not fallen into an obscure and embarrassing situation when emphasizing narrative techniques, like many modern western novels.
Second, the narrative structure of circulation and flashback.
Gé rard Genette, a French theorist, believes that narrative contains three different levels. "The first meaning of narrative, which is also the most obvious and core meaning commonly used today, refers to the narrative statement, oral or written words that undertake to describe one or a series of events. The second meaning of narrative is not universal, but it is widely used by analysts and theorists in today's narrative. It refers to the different relations between events, such as coherence, contrast and repetition, which take successive real or fictional events as the object of discourse. "Narrative analysis" means to put aside the language or other media that tell us behaviors and situations and study the whole of these behaviors and situations that we consider ourselves. The third meaning of narrative seems to be the oldest. It still refers to an event, but it is not an event that people tell, but an event that someone tells something (considering the narrative behavior itself). "
The narrative of My Name is Red is carried out at different levels. The top level is the investigation of murder, followed by the long and rare love between Hei and Xie Kurui, and the deepest level is the conflict between two cultural beliefs. These multiple narrative levels are developed in Stories Inside and Outside the Circle and the narrative mode of flashback.
(A) scattered narrative-the story in the story
It is the diversified narrative perspective of My Name is Red that makes the narrative structure of My Name is Red similar to the structure of "big story and short story" in Arabian Nights. There are three big stories in the whole book, that is, the murder investigation mentioned above is the most superficial one, followed by the long and rare love between Blake and Xie Kurui and the conflict between two cultural beliefs. Twenty different narrators tell their own stories, and new stories are constantly inserted in the process of multiple narrators telling stories. In the process of investigating the murderer, the hero Hei learned that in order to know how good a young painter is, Master Osman would ask him three questions. So Hei visited the remaining three miniature painters with these three questions, and the author skillfully arranged Hei to ask different questions to each of them. The answers to these three questions just hint at their value. Chapter 12 "Butterfly" tells three stories about "style and signature", expressing the relationship between style and signature in his opinion. According to this train of thought, Black drew inspiration from three stories about "painting and time" told in Stork, followed by three stories about "blindness and memory". The content is different, but the narrative is basically the same, and the author's arrangement is ingenious and natural. It is this short story that is inserted into the narrative of the big story, which makes the narrative rhythm of My Name is Red slow down and the narrative content spread to many short stories outside the main story. The deepest cultural conflict is contained in the superficial love and murder stories.
In addition, through the introduction of this short story, the novel inserts a lot of knowledge about meticulous painting, such as the history and style of meticulous painting and the conflict between meticulous painting and Venetian painting. , shows readers the influence of western Frank painting on Istanbul artists at the end of 16 and the process of Istanbul artists gradually accepting Frank painting through contradictions and struggles. The same fine painter, butterfly pursues money, zygomatic bird pursues fame and fortune, and black pursues love. Besides the love stories of black people, the stories of other close painters constitute an important conflict in the novel. In their frank self-reports, readers gradually understand that the murder was not simply caused by jealousy and resentment among fine painters, nor was it caused by fine painters' resistance to Venice perspective painting, but by the way of "watching" between the two worlds. As Mr. Elegance, who died in the well, said, "I remind you that there is a terrible conspiracy behind my death, which is likely to disintegrate our religion, tradition and world outlook."
(B) the final convergence-in the opposite order of memory
The narrative of each chapter of the novel is based on the narrator's own perspective or his own personal experience. Here, each narrator chooses and focuses on the narrative object according to his own narrative needs and good E Lai, and this
Everything always revolves around the same narrative core-the last miniature painting of the death and disappearance of two miniature masters. As we know, narrative time refers to the time sequence of plot evolution embodied in works. The narrative time here is the approximate order of solving the case: finding the case-investigating-competing with each other-finding the murderer. Following this narrative time sequence until the last chapter of the novel, the reader finds the words "in the next 26 years" before the last chapter, and the narrator is a cold winter Thursday at the end of 16. The last four pages of Xie Kurui's narrative have the longest time span in this book, while the whole story described earlier only happened in two weeks. The narrator skipped a lot of time and jumped to one day 26 years later. Through Xie Kurui's narration, "I told my son Orhan this story that I couldn't draw, and I hope he can write it down."
The whole story was recorded by the son of Xie Kurui, Orhan. This book was written by Orhan with the help of letters provided by his mother, sketches of horses and memories of the past. All the previous accounts took place after Xie Kurui handed the letter to Orhan. All the narratives are memories of the past after Orhan's mother received the letter, and the last narrator of this book is actually Orhan.
My name is Hong, a novel of nearly 350,000 words, describes the separation in the past 12 years and the life in the next 26 years as what happened in two weeks. Although so many life stories are not fully reflected in details, some information provided by the text can be clearly understood by readers through imagination and inference. Pamuk's good control of the narrative rhythm of his works makes the story exquisite and charming, which shows his superb narrative ability. My name is Red enriches the narrative of the novel through the changes of narrator and time, making readers linger in the maze of the novel and enjoy reading and analysis.
Third, the grand narrative under popular suspense
At first glance, My Name is Red has won many eyeballs by telling a vulgar detective and love story. In fact, the author's writing intention is by no means limited to a simple kitsch story. Through this story, the author actually wants to show the confrontation between two different painting concepts: Turkish meticulous painting with scattered perspective and Venetian painting with focused perspective, and then think about the conflict and integration between eastern civilization and western civilization. Fiction is a phenomenon of social miscellaneous language organized by artistic methods, with occasional multilingual phenomenon and unique multi-voice phenomenon. It is through the phenomenon of social miscellaneous language and the unique multi-voice phenomenon of individuals that novels control all their themes, all the things and the world they describe and express. The author's language, the narrator's language, the interspersed style and the characters' language are just the unification of some basic layouts and structures of miscellaneous words entering the novel.
My name is Red, a novel with multi-voice narrative style. The story takes place in Istanbul, a city that spans two continents. It used to be the first place where the culture and economy of two continents met, which produced a splendid miniature painting culture. At that time, it was experiencing various shocks and great changes. The fierce collision has led to the controversy of painting style, religious belief, territorial dispute and the conflict between eastern and western cultures. In such a chaotic time and space, various conflicts need different voices to express, and any kind of "dominant" voice may cause injustice. Therefore, the author is only responsible for objective presentation, and everyone's views are right or wrong. Right or wrong is left to the reader to judge and choose, and the status of the speaker is always equal. "My name is red" adopts the narrative mode of "multi-voice", and different characters (including animals, even trees, gold coins, colors, etc. ) all tell their experiences and feelings in the first person. It is not the author who tells stories to readers, but the author pushes everyone or things to the front desk and lets them play the role of storytellers. In Pamuk's narrative, readers are constantly amazed at the scattered perspective of fine painting, and at the same time they are deeply impressed by Venice's focus perspective painting style, which is different from fine painting style. Among the three lines of love, murder and cultural philosophy in the novel, the content of culture is relatively scattered. Although it is the theme of love and murder on the surface, the foothold of the novel is cultural thinking, which is the core skill of the novel narrative, and it carries more profound ideological content with popular themes and forms. A great deal of cultural information in the novel is also expressed through fables with many national characteristics. Although some of them are divorced from the plot of the novel, they enrich the cultural and philosophical implications of the novel and show deep thinking about the cultural conflict between the East and the West.