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International etiquette knowledge-taboo

Knowledge 1. Interrogation taboo

In foreign countries, everyone has his privacy and doesn't let others know. When communicating with him, don't ask him about his political beliefs, property, marriage and family situation, especially don't ask him about his salary, his age and whether he is married or not. You can't even ask how much the furniture at home is worth. Foreigners think these are purely his private affairs and don't need others to know. People in China often ask old people, "Are you old and live long?"? How old are you when you meet young people? Are you married? Where are you going? Have you eaten? And so on, and think this is polite language. But foreigners think it is impolite to ask such questions. They don't like people asking about their private lives. If you want to ask, also say "I can ask you-ok"? It's up to the other party whether to tell you or not.

Knowledge 2. Behavior taboo

In Thailand, India and some countries in the Middle East, it is considered that the left hand is unclean and used for bathing and going to the toilet. It is considered impolite to give food and gifts with your left hand. Thai people value their heads and despise their feet. If anyone touches the head of a Thai, whether it is an adult or a child, it will be considered rude and cause disputes. Thai feet can't be used to open doors and point. Thais face west and can't sleep. After death, Thais use red pen to write the name of the deceased on the coffin, so Thais generally don't use red pen to write, let alone sign. A red pen is considered unlucky. Women in Islamic countries can't shake hands when they meet, let alone hug and kiss. It is impolite to pick your ears, nose, dirt and take off your shoes to enjoy the cool in front of foreigners. China people's habit is to "shake their heads", but in Bulgarian, Sri Lankan and Indian countries, on the contrary, they "nod their heads". Monks don't go upstairs and downstairs in the same elevator as women.

2. International etiquette knowledge-basic principles

(1) Basic requirements

The basic requirements in international communication, that is, basic etiquette, include five aspects:

1, pay attention to the cleanliness of instruments and clothes, and wash your face, hands, clothes and shoes. A man's hair and beard should not be too long, but should be trimmed neatly. Nails should be trimmed frequently, generally only at the fingertips, leaving no dirt, keeping your hands clean, and wearing gloves when there are diseases or scars on your hands. Clothes should be neat and straight, without wrinkles, buttons should be neat, and pants buttons should not be arranged outdoors or in public places. Shirts are usually white, with stiff collars, sleeves and hems no longer than coats, and are put into pants. Dress according to the needs of communication places or communication. Dress, tie or bow tie should be tied properly, and clean handkerchiefs and combs should be prepared. Leather shoes need polishing. Don't make indecent gestures in front of people, such as brushing your teeth, picking your nose, pulling out your ears, cutting your nails, scratching, etc.

2. Be generous and decent, have a kind and dignified attitude, be energetic and natural, and behave appropriately. Standing, sitting and walking should conform to the routine and be serious, because any rude or impolite words and deeds will be regarded as disrespect.

3. Speak politely and pay attention to your identity. When you speak, you have a kind expression and a smile. Don't talk to people you meet by chance easily. You should not speak until someone introduces you. Talking casually is also considered disgraceful.

4. Observe public order, do not disturb or influence others, and respect others. Do not blame others at will, and do not cause trouble or inconvenience to others. It is considered uncultured to comment and criticize others.

5. Be punctual. You can't stand up, you can't work overtime. It is impolite to miss an appointment and work overtime. You must not forget your promise to others' affairs, but must speak "credit" and do it on time. It is a shameful thing to break one's promise or keep one's promise, which is detrimental to one's personality.

(2) Polite expressions

Polite language is the expression of etiquette, which can convey love and etiquette and make the speaker more respected. At present, China advocates ten polite expressions: "hello", "please", "thank you", "sorry" and "goodbye". In international communication, eight-word etiquette language is frequently used:

1, please. You should say "please" to almost anything that needs to trouble others. For example, if you need advice, you should say "I want to ask a question" to others. In another case, you can say, "Would you please post a letter for me by the way?" When shopping in the store, you should say to the clerk, "Please show me this pen"; If you want to ask the way, you must start with "I'm sorry". "Please" is also a polite expression of respect for each other in interpersonal communication. When you open the door to welcome guests, you should say "come in". Guests should signal "please sit down" when entering the room. After the guests sit down, they should say, "Excuse me, what would you like to drink?" When the drinks are ready, say to the guests, "Please drink."

2. "thank you". The common etiquette in the west is to say "thank you" whenever others do something for you, including family members or close friends. When others give way to you when you walk, you must say "thank you". When you buy something in the store, you should say "thank you" to the clerk. In some specific communication occasions, it is often the two sides say "thank you" to each other. When you say "thank you" to others, it means that you have fully realized the help that others have provided you. It is very impolite to ignore this point.

3. "Sorry." The habit of westerners is to say "I'm sorry" if you accidentally hinder or interfere with others. If you accidentally meet someone in public, you must say "I'm sorry"; When you need to interrupt someone's conversation, you should say, "Excuse me, please allow me to interrupt." When dining with others, if you cough or burp unintentionally, you should say "I'm sorry"; When meeting with guests, if you need to leave your seat temporarily, you should also say "sorry". Otherwise, others will think that this person is ill-bred.

4. "Goodbye". "Goodbye" is not only a polite expression when colleagues and family members say goodbye to each other, but also a polite expression when strangers say goodbye to each other after contact in western society. The most common situation is that in a store, a salesperson and a customer say "goodbye" to each other after a transaction. When taking a taxi, the driver and passengers will also say "goodbye" to each other after checking out, which is very common etiquette.

(3) Respect for privacy:

Western countries respect everyone's right to privacy. The so-called right to privacy refers to the right of personal privacy not to be disturbed or peeped by others. In international communication, respect for privacy is also an important criterion.

1, respect privacy and adhere to the etiquette principle of taking individuals as communication objects. For example, if you help someone in your family or give a gift, this behavior only means something to someone. It is normal that other family members will not thank you except the beneficiary.

2, respect for privacy, can not infringe on personal space and field. A family lives in the same house, and their room is their own world. They can't barge in without knocking. Visiting other people's homes, going to other people's homes and going to other people's offices to negotiate must be agreed in advance.

3. Respect privacy and avoid any topic involving personal privacy in conversation. Specifically, we should do "five don't ask": first, don't ask about age; Second, don't ask if you are married; Third, don't ask where to go; Fourth, don't ask about income; Don't ask the address.

(d) Ladies first.

"Ladies first" means ladies first or ladies first, which is a very important principle in international etiquette. The core of giving priority to women is to require men to respect, care for, help and protect women's actions in all aspects under any circumstances. Following the principle of ladies first in social occasions can show masculinity and gentlemanly demeanor. When men and women walk together, men should walk outside. When they can't be parallel, the man should let the woman take the lead. But when you open the car door, get off the bus, go upstairs or enter an unguided place, the man walks in front of the woman when encountering obstacles and dangers.

When taking a taxi or other car, let the lady get on the bus first; Generally, men get off the bus first and then take care of the women.

When you meet a lady at the door, stairs, elevators and corridors, the man should stand aside and let him go first. When it is necessary to open the door, a man should open the door for a woman.

At a social gathering, when a man sees a lady come in, he should stand up to show his courtesy. When guests meet the host and hostess, they should greet the hostess first.

When eating, the order of entering the restaurant is that the waiter leads the way, the lady follows, and the man is "behind". Once sitting down, women don't need to get up and say hello to others, while men need to get up and say hello to others. When ordering, you should hand the menu to the lady first. When accepting the courtesy of men, women should not be too shy and shy, but should smile and express their gratitude.

(5) neither supercilious nor supercilious

In international communication, people and countries should be equal, and China people should not be supercilious when dealing with foreigners, which is also an important principle of international etiquette. The most important principle of international etiquette is to maintain equality of personality, because "inferiority" and "arrogance" are both communicative attitudes that put each other or themselves in an unequal position. "Humble" is detrimental to personality and even to national dignity; "Kang" is a bluff and hurts the other person's self-esteem. To be "supercilious", we should pay attention to:

1, there can be no hopes and mutual attempts for money and material benefits. As long as we grasp this point, the personalities of both sides will be equal. We didn't ask for anything, but we were calm and the other side relaxed and unprepared. This kind of communication is naturally indistinguishable from inferiority. It is difficult to adhere to this principle if you blindly hope that your child will go abroad or get other material benefits.

2. Have the spirit of fighting for the country and the nation. This spirit is particularly important in foreign-related negotiations. For example, a delegation from China went to a certain country to discuss joint venture projects, but the other side overcharged us for its advanced equipment, and the negotiations were once deadlocked. Later, our leader pointed out in a speech at a party: "China is an ancient civilization. Our ancestors unconditionally contributed the production technology of the four great inventions to mankind as early as 1000 years ago, and their descendants never complained that they were stupid not to apply for patents. On the contrary, they praised their ancestors for their outstanding contributions to the world's scientific and technological progress. Now, in its economic cooperation with other countries, China does not require countries to give up their patents unconditionally. As long as the price is reasonable, we won't give any money. " This supercilious and wonderful speech won the unanimous praise of the participants, prompting the other party to take the initiative to reduce the patent fee in future negotiations, and the two sides quickly reached an agreement.

3. Seek truth from facts, but be modest and don't overdo it. Take the banquet as an example. Even if it is a rather rich table, the host will say to the guests, "There is nothing special to entertain today. Help yourself. " Westerners, on the other hand, praise themselves regardless of the quality of the food: "This is the best restaurant in the area" and "This is my specialty" to show sincerity. Similarly, China people are very polite when visiting other people's homes. They mainly ask the guests if they want to add more rice. The guest said no, but he may not be full. When westerners go to dinner as guests, it is true that they don't eat or drink, and they are never polite. Therefore, in international communication, politeness and modesty should not be excessive.

(6) Do as the Romans do

When in Rome, do as the Romans do, which is a very important etiquette principle in international communication. When going abroad or in contact with foreign guests at home, we should follow their customs and etiquette to narrow the cultural gap and reduce the conceptual conflict between them. Therefore, every time you go to a country or receive guests from a country, you must know the customs and habits of that country in advance, and even friends who are quite familiar with it should pay attention to basic etiquette. Because different countries have different social systems and cultural customs, they often have different ways of thinking and understanding, so we should respect each other and be cautious in our communication, and we should not be informal or cross the line. For example, Americans have three taboos: one is to avoid being asked about their age; Second, avoid asking him the price of what he bought; Third, avoid saying "you are fat." This is because: the first two taboos are private matters, and people don't like to interfere. The second taboo is that the United States has the concept of "being thin is rich and being fat is poor".