Excellent lesson plan 1 of Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult"
Teaching requirements:
1. Understand the basic content and meaning of this poem;
2. Feel and appreciate the poet’s passionate emotions and bold and elegant artistic style;
3. Recite this poem.
Important and difficult points in teaching:
1. The meaning of the poem
2. The style of the poem
Teaching ideas:
1. Preview: Combine the annotations and use reference books to gain a thorough understanding of the poem, and on the basis of repeated reading, gain a preliminary understanding of the poem's thoughts, feelings and artistic style.
2. Teaching methods: reading, understanding, and discussion.
3. Teaching time: 2 teaching hours
4. Plan to use multimedia to assist teaching
1st lesson
1. Review old knowledge , introducing new lessons
Imagination: 1. Introduce by reviewing Li Bai’s poems such as "Dreamwalking Tianmu Yin Farewell" and other poems.
2. Introduced from the competition of reciting Li Bai’s poems.
2. Read the whole poem and perceive it as a whole
1. Explanation of the title:
?The road to Shu is difficult?, an old title from ancient Yuefu. This poem was probably written in the early years of Tianbao. Judging from the content of the poem, it was probably written by the poet when he was in Chang'an to see off his friends who went to Shu.
2. Read the whole poem by Fan (or read it at normal school, or read it by naming Fan)
Requirements: read the feelings, read the thoughts, and read the momentum.
3. Self-defeat and discuss the basic content of the poem
Question 1: What are the main contents of the three stanzas of the poem? (Discussion, exchange)
Clear : The first section talks about the origin of the Shu Road. How tall is the Shu Road? I lament that the Shu Road is so high and difficult to walk.
In the second section, the scenery is desolate and the mountains and rivers are dangerous. It laments the hardships and dangers of the Shu Road.
In the third section, the danger of Mojian Pavilion, the tragic scene of killing people? Sighing on the scourge of war is a warning.
3. Study the whole poem and focus on insights
1. Question 2: What is the verse that sets the lyrical tone of the whole poem? (Discussion)
Clearly:? The road to Shu is difficult, and it is difficult to reach the blue sky. ?This is an exclamation sentence and also the theme sentence throughout the poem. It sets the lyrical tone of the whole poem and contains rich aria meaning. It appears three times in the poem: one laments the height of the Shu road, the second laments the danger of the Shu road, and the third laments the fierce war disaster in Shu. The poet's thoughts and emotions are all contained in "Three Sighs".
2. Question 3: Does the author have a profound meaning when he wrote "The Road to Shu is Difficult"? (Discussion, communication)
Clarity: There have always been different interpretations of the meaning of this poem, and there is no consensus. .
One theory: Jiannan Jiedu envoy Yan Wu harmed Fang Guan and Du Fu. This poem was written out of concern for Fang Guan and Du Fu's safety.
The second theory: It was written to satirize Zhang Qiu and Qiong. Note: Zhangchou Jianqiong served as the governor of Jiannan from the 27th year of Kaiyuan (739) to the fifth year of Tianbao (746) by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. He was a man who was good at flattering others and did not rebel against the central court. Therefore, there is no basis for saying so.
Three theories: It was written to satirize Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty for his luck in Shu during the An-Shi Rebellion. This theory is also conjecture.
3. Discussion: Hu Zhenheng of the Ming Dynasty once refuted the above three theories in "Li Shitong", and also created a new theory: "The Road to Shu is Difficult" is a song of ancient Xianghe, Liang and Chen There is no shortage of imitators, and Zhen must do his best. The people of Bai Shu will sing their own songs for Shu. Talking about the dangers, and reminding them of their warnings, they are like clouds guarding or robbing relatives, turning into wolves and jackals. The meaning of wind people is far away. Is it necessary to make sure that one person's temporary affairs are fulfilled and that there is no loss of certainty? What is your attitude towards this?
Tips: You might as well combine the specific content of this poem, especially the second and third stanzas. Think about the content.
Clearly: Hu Zhenheng’s statement is very reasonable. He talks about the dangers but also emphasizes the warnings. The seven words are especially accurate. If we directly interpret the text and connect it with the frequent turmoil in Shu before and after the Anshi Rebellion, we can see that the poet's intention is probably exactly this.
4. Read the whole poem and understand its ideological content.
Lesson 2
1. Recite the whole poem and break through the difficulties
1. Review old knowledge and recite by name (music)
2. Question 4: Shen Deqian, a poetry critic in the Qing Dynasty, once commented on this poem: "The strokes of the pen are vertical and horizontal, like flying grasshoppers, thundering between the fingers." ?("Tang Poems") What do you think about this? (Discussion, communication) Clarity: This passage is both vivid and general, covering a lot of content, but it is mainly about the artistic characteristics of "The Road to Shu is Difficult" .
3. Question 5: What are the artistic features of "The Difficult Road to Shu"? (Discussion, exchange)
Clear: flexible composition and magnificent atmosphere.
First of all, let’s talk about flexibility. The poet creatively inherited the repetition form (also known as repetition) that was common in ancient folk songs. Topic sentences usually appear three times: once at the beginning, once in the middle, and once at the end. As a result, a theme sentence is used throughout, and the content is in-depth layer by layer, which makes people sigh at the insufficiency and then sigh again, and sigh at the insufficiency again and then sigh again. This kind of composition can be called flexible and ingenious, which is Shen Deqian's theory. The strokes are arranged vertically and horizontally, like flying earworms.
Let’s talk about the majestic weather. Reading this poem is like passing through a gallery. Moving pictures appear one after another before your eyes. Their vast artistic conception and compelling momentum will make you stunned and amazed. 2. Expand migration and appreciate the beauty
4. Question 6: There are many beautiful verses in this poem. Can you give a brief appreciation of your favorite verse? (Discussion, communication)
Tips: Benevolence can be seen in benevolent people, wisdom can be seen in wise people, and consistency should not be forced.
Clearly: ①? There is a bird trail in Taibai, Xidang, which can cross the Emei Mountains between Qin and Sichuan, and have an unobstructed view of the mountains and ridges. The landform is majestic and rare in the world.
② The story of the collapse of the earth and the death of the strong man, and then the ladder stone stack trying to connect Wu Ding to open the mountain is vivid, and the greatness of divine power and man-made can be seen from this!
③ There are six on the The high mark of the dragon returning to the sun, with the rushing waves and twists and turns returning to Sichuan below, is a majestic and wonderful picture: the six dragons pulling the sun chariot were blocked and had to take a detour; the rapids were blocked by the mountains and stirred up countless whirlpools! Talk about how tall the mountain is.
④? Where is the clear mud, and the rocks are covered with nine twists and turns at a hundred steps. ? Go to the Lijing Well, raise your head and take a breath, sit with your hands on your back and sigh. It is said that the difficulty of climbing a mountain is as great as the height of the mountain. Like a set of shots, flashing before my eyes. This is a strange imagination, this is a montage technique.
⑤? But I saw the mournful bird calling the old tree, the male flying and the female flying around the forest. I also heard Zigui crying about the moon at night and worrying about the empty mountains. The scenery I saw on the way was so desolate that it made people feel lonely and terrifying.
⑥? When the peaks are gone, the sky is not full, and withered pines hang upside down against the cliff. The turbulent waterfalls are noisy, and the cliffs turn into rocks and thousands of valleys are thundered. The pictures are extremely thrilling, making people look intimidated and frightened when they hear them!
?
Summary: There are so many pictures that appear and disappear, and it goes without saying that the realm is vast; and Regardless of the height of the mountain, the rush of the water, the changes in the rivers and mountains, the desolation of the trees, or the danger of the peaks and cliffs, they all have a compelling potential. The majesty of the scenery is indeed unmatched by others. Looking at the overall situation, the speed of its changes becomes more and more strange, and often unexpected, which makes people dizzy. Therefore, Shen Deqian said: "Thunder comes at the moment of looking at it?", is it an empty statement!
2 , Research study:
1. Combining the Li Bai’s poems we have learned, and then consulting relevant information, we will discuss the romantic style and expression techniques of Li Bai’s poems.
2. Li Bai committed suicide by throwing himself into the river. Why did such a great romantic poet, a poet with a bold personality, choose such a destination? Can you find the answer from his life and poetry?
Requirements: ① Choose one question ;
②Draft your own topic and write an article;
③Can be completed independently or collaboratively. Excellent lesson plan 2 of Li Bai's "The Road to Shu is Difficult"
Teaching Content Analysis
"The Road to Shu is Difficult" is a compulsory text in Chinese Language Course 3 of the general high school curriculum published by the People's Education Press. The content of this unit is mainly Tang Dynasty poetry. As the first text of this unit, "The Road to Shu is Difficult" has a demonstration effect.
On the one hand, this demonstration function is reflected in showing the style of works at the peak period of ancient Chinese poetry creation, so as to feel the connection between the times and literature; on the other hand, it serves to guide students to read and appreciate "The Road to Shu is Difficult", and then achieve analogy. The effect is to learn to read other Tang poetry works.
In addition to the poem itself, the author Li Bai is also a worthy subject of study. This pinnacle poet in the history of Chinese poetry ignited the raging flames of poetry in the Tang Dynasty with his outstanding literary talent and charisma. Therefore, placing Li Bai's poems in the first article of this unit serves to give a glimpse of the leopard. By understanding Li Bai's poems, you can understand Li Bai and further understand the style of Tang poetry. On the basis of the Tang poetry introductory course I have taken before, I plan to read Li Bai's poems through two levels of recitation and appreciation. Enable students to be attracted by the great charm of classical poetry.
Analysis of academic situation
"The Road to Shu is Difficult" is an old Yuefu title. In terms of writing, it is different from the metrical poems that students often recite. It is not dominated by couplets like metrical poems. It is often composed of prose sentences, which increases the difficulty of grasping emotions when reciting. High school students are gradually moving from childishness to maturity in their thinking, but on the contrary, they are turning from open to closed in expression. What poetry reading and appreciation requires is for students to dare to read. At this point, there is a contradiction between poetry teaching and the actual situation of students.
In poetry teaching, students have been exposed to modern poetry and have a certain understanding of the imagery of poetry. To understand the charm of Tang poetry and even classical poetry as a whole, it is not enough to just understand the imagery. Therefore, in the teaching of "The Road to Shu is Difficult", imagery is a springboard that connects students' known and unknown. Students may be inhibited by the ancient and difficult vocabulary, but the rich imaginative and emotional world of poetry is still a beacon that guides students to take the initiative to read and explore.
Design Thoughts
In view of students’ fear of reciting ancient poems, I decided to run two main lines throughout the course. One main line is to guide students on how to read and feel a poem from three progressive perspectives: grasping emotions, mastering pauses, and understanding connotations. Another main line is to sort out and analyze the syntactic characteristics, emotional themes and expressive techniques of "The Road to Shu is Difficult", to explore Li Bai's innovation and transcendence of the old Yuefu poems, and then to explore Li Bai's heroic and elegant romantic poetic style. The intersection of these two lines is the poet Li Bai. The first line belongs to the "Exterior", and the second line belongs to the "Interior". This is why students can understand the "Exterior" and "Interior" together and feel the "magnificence" of the great poet Li Bai. During the teaching process, various recitation methods are used to grasp poetry, so that students can accept recitation as an artistic expression technique from many aspects, and then be able to actively recite. This not only guides students to dare to recite, but also enables them to understand poetry in a certain depth.
Teaching objectives
1. Basic knowledge objectives: to have an in-depth understanding of Li Bai and understand the artistic techniques of poetry, such as composition, artistic conception, rhyme, etc.
2. Ability training goals: Through reading and appreciation, experience the artistic characteristics of imagination and exaggeration.
3. Emotional training goals: Let students get closer to passion, romance, poetry and unrestrainedness.
Teaching Key Points and Difficulties
1. Teaching Key Points:
1. Start by learning the recitation of poetry, and understand the emotional rhythm and layer-by-layer deepening of the poetry cycle. A bold and elegant momentum.
2. With the help of "peeling and cramping" method, explore the emotional theme of this poem.
3. Appreciate the language and artistic techniques of this poem, and understand the formation of Li Bai’s heroic, elegant and romantic poetic style.
2. Teaching difficulties:
1. Appreciate Li Bai’s passionate and elegant poetic style.
2. Explore the emotional theme of this lesson.
Teaching methods
1. Reading method.
2. Pointing method.
3. Independent learning and group cooperation.
4. Multimedia audio and video.
Teaching process
1. Please enjoy
The PPT display screen is introduced into the teaching of this article (PPT display)
2. Writing era
This poem was probably written when the poet was in Chang'an during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. The seventh volume of "Tang Zhayan" contains the following record: "Li Taibai first came from Western Shu to Beijing. His reputation was not very popular, so he paid a visit to Zhizhang for his work." Zhi Zhang read an article "The Road to Shu is Difficult" and raised his eyebrows and said: "The public is not a human being, not the author of Taibai Star Jingye". Wang Dingbao was a Jinshi in the late Tang Dynasty. He lived for more than eighty years and only had this work in his life. He said When there is basis.
Researchers believe that Li Bai composed "The Difficult Road to Shu" when he was sixteen. News from Oriental Net on September 3, 2003: Zeng Weiyi, a scholar from Pingwu County, Sichuan, discovered after more than ten years of research that Li Bai, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty, composed The famous poem "The Road to Shu is Difficult" was written before he was 20 years old, and the poem was written in Gujiang Youguan (now Nanba Town, Pingwu County).
The romantic style of Li Bai’s poetry
The strong romantic color is the artistic characteristic of Li Bai’s works. The style is vigorous and unrestrained, the colors are gorgeous, the language is fresh and natural, and it is the most famous poet after Qu Yuan. Our country's greatest romantic poet. He galloped his imagination, used the bizarre realm of mythology, poured his passionate feelings into the objects he described, and described the magnificent and wonderful world with shocking pen and ink, thereby expressing his personal depression and joy. Unfair. He lashed out at the ugliness of feudal society vividly. Du Fu once said of him: "The pen falls in the storm, and the poem becomes the weeping ghosts and gods"; Pi Rixiu said of him: "The words speak beyond the world, and the thoughts express the ghosts and gods"; Han Yu said: "Li Du's articles" Here, the flames of light are endless. ?The strong feelings of love and hatred and artistic charm in Li Bai's poems have been inspiring and inspiring people for thousands of years. They are treasures in the spiritual wealth of our people.
3. Classical Commentary (PPT display)
When the pen falls in the storm, the poem becomes weeping ghosts and gods? -----Du Fu
Li Du's article is in, The flame is endless----?Han Yu
A poet throughout the ages?-----Du Xunhe
?The wine enters the intestines, and seven parts turn into moonlight
< p> The remaining three points roared into sword energy and spit out half of the prosperous Tang Dynasty? (Yu Guangzhong's "Looking for Li Bai")IV. Entering the new class
1. Check the students' preview status.
Students read aloud in groups, and teachers pay attention to their pronunciation and pauses.
2. Explanation of the title:
?The road to Shu is difficult?, an old title from ancient Yuefu. This poem was probably written in the early years of Tianbao. Judging from the content of the poem, it was probably written by the poet when he was in Chang'an to see off his friends who went to Shu.
3. Listen to and read the whole poem and pay attention to the pronunciation (PPT display, play the recording)
噫婷(yī xū xī) 鱼凫(y? f?) 元猱(n? o)
pīng) cliff ten thousand valleys (h?)
婿婘 (zhēngr?ng) Cui Wei (cuīw?i) suck (shǔn) blood and sigh (zījiē)
5. Discussion and analysis (Students listen to famous writers read, read again and think)
1: What are the main contents of the three stanzas of the poem?
Clearly: the first stanza, the origin and status of the Tao Shu Road Is the road to Shu high and steep? I lament that the road to Shu is so high and steep that it is difficult to walk.
In the second section, the scenery is desolate and the mountains and rivers are dangerous. It laments the hardships and dangers of the Shu Road.
In the third section, the Mojian Pavilion is dangerous. Do you want to see the tragic scene of killing people? You sigh at the high, dangerous and formidable roads of Shu.
2: What is the verse that sets the lyrical tone of the whole poem?
?The road to Shu is difficult, and it is difficult to reach the sky?. ?This is an exclamation sentence and also the theme sentence throughout the poem. It sets the lyrical tone of the whole poem and contains rich aria meaning. It appears three times in the poem: one laments the height of Shu Road, the second sighs the danger of Shu Road, and the third sighs the importance of Shu. The poet's thoughts and emotions are all contained in "Three Sighs".
3: How does the poet express the steepness of the Shu Road? (PPT display)
4: How does the poem express the danger of the Shu Road?
? From the environment The angle highlights the difficulty of the Shu Road.
?The sad bird calls the ancient tree, and the Zigui cries the night moon. ? It makes people pale when they hear the sound, exaggerates the sorrow of traveling and the desolate and lonely environment on the Shu Road, and effectively highlights the difficulty of the Shu Road.
? Write about the difficulties of the Shu Road from the perspective of the scenery and dangers.
? When the peaks are gone, the sky is not full, and withered pines hang upside down against the cliffs. ?Exaggerate the height of the mountain, the danger of the cliff, and exaggerate the thrilling atmosphere.
5: How does the poem express the key to the way of Shu?
One man can guard the sword pavilion, but ten thousand people cannot open it
The key guarded turns into a wolf and a jackal
Killing people like hemp
What does this paragraph include? (Describe the poet’s intention in writing this in relation to the historical background)
Highlight the danger of Jiange, which is easy to defend but difficult to defend. Attack, there are many people who have claimed the title of king here in history. Others say that this paragraph has the intention of advising people to take warning and be wary of war. It grinds its teeth to suck blood and kills people like numbness. It not only writes about ferocious beasts, but also alludes to political evils. It is a pun. There may be some truth to this understanding. In the early years of Tang Bao, there was a crisis lurking behind the peaceful scene. The author wrote this to remind people to pay attention to world affairs and current situations, and to express the worries and concerns of national affairs. But I think that if the poet really meant this, he would never be so stingy, so I think the focus of the poet is to express the difficulty of the road to Shu.
6. Ability improvement
1: What is the role of quoting the legend of Wu Ding who opened the mountain?
It is colorful and fascinating
From The difficulty of opening the road to Shu is explained from the perspective of the heavy sacrifices made when opening the mountain
2: Read carefully? There are six dragons returning to the sun? Sit and sigh? In these few sentences, talk about what writing methods the poet used to express Shu How majestic and steep is the road? (PPT display)
3: The road to Shu is so difficult that it is difficult to reach the sky? What is the function of this poem?
The first sentence leads to the full text, Lamenting the high road of Shu sets a majestic emotional tone for the whole text.
The middle sentence laments the dangers of the Shu road, emphasizes the main theme, and pushes the poem to its peak.
The last sentence, lamenting the importance of Shu, echoes the title and the beginning, giving people a strong sigh.
7. Summary of the whole poem (PPT display)
8. Knowledge supplement (PPT display)
2. About Tang poetry:
The Tang Dynasty was the most glorious period of Chinese poetry. According to its development, it can be divided into four periods: the early Tang Dynasty, the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the middle Tang Dynasty and the late Tang Dynasty.
The representative figures of the early Tang Dynasty are Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and King Luo Bin. They are called the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". The most accomplished person in the early Tang Dynasty was Chen Ziang.
In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, frontier poems represented by Gao Shi, Cen Shen, and Wang Changling appeared, as well as landscape pastoral poems represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran. The two most accomplished poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Li Bai and Du Fu.
The representatives of the Mid-Tang Dynasty include the Yuanbai Poetry School (Yuan Zhen, Bai Juyi) and the Hanmeng Poetry School (Han Yu, Meng Jiao, Jia Dao, Li He). Bai Juyi's narrative poems "Pipa Play" and "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" are widely recited.
In the late Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin and Du Mu, known as "Little Li Du", also left many popular poems.
(PPT display)
9. Extracurricular appreciation (PPT display)
Searching for Li Bai
──Who is the hero who drinks and sings in vain, flying domineeringly
p>Out of the corner of my eye
That pair of arrogant boots is still in Gao Lishi’s shameful and angry hands, but he disappeared
refugees and wounded soldiers
Leave the rhythm of Hu horses and Qiang horses to each other
Leave it to Du Er to chant in detail
Since that year, He Zhizhang's eyesight< /p>
I will pretend to be even crazier if I recognize you as a banished immortal
Use a enchanted wine pot
Hide yourself so that even my wife can’t find her To you
I complain that the city of Chang'an is small but the sky in the pot is long
In all your poems, you predict that water will suddenly escape, maybe tomorrow
p>A small boat breaks through the waves, with wild hair caught in the wind
──Now, as expected, you are missing
You have made a forest of enemies, and everyone wants to kill them
How can cirrhosis of the liver kill you?
Drinking wine makes you arrogant, and 70% turns into moonlight
The remaining 30% screams into sword energy
Embroidery Half of the prosperous Tang Dynasty can be seen in just one mouthful
From Kaiyuan to Tianbao, from Luoyang to Xianyang
The hustle and bustle of riding horses all the way
is not as good as yours a thousand years later A piece of music
Crystal quatrain taps my forehead
The echo stirred up by a local bomb
It’s enough to be destitute in this world
It would be too embarrassing to let Yelang go again
What is still a mystery is your hometown
Longxi or Shandong, Qinglian Township or Suiye City
It is better to go back Which hometown should you return to?
Everywhere you are drunk, you said, is not a foreign land
Disappearance is the only fate of a genius
What happened after you escaped? Where?
The ape can’t stop crying, and Du Er is trying to persuade you not to stop.
When you look back, your head is already white under the prison window
Seven immortals, five immortals Friend, I can’t save you
Kuangshan is locked in fog, there is no way to enter
The fire is still not perfect, just half a grain of cinnabar
How to follow the flowing clouds in Ge Hong's sleeves?
The shadow of the moon in the bottle, maybe that is your hometown
You have often looked up at it yearningly throughout your life?
And no matter whether you go out and cry to the west or to the east
Chang'an has already fallen
There is no need to alarm Dapeng during the 240,000-mile return journey.
There is no need to attract a crane
Just throw the wine glass into the air
It will spin into a flying saucer
The strange green flash is getting faster and faster
Take you back to the legend