signature: this situation can only be said to have been read, and the relevant person has not expressed his opinion on whether to agree or not. Signature+consent: the word "consent" seems simple, but its meaning is vague. Do you agree that the quantities reported by Party B are true, or do you agree with the unit price submitted by Party B, or both? If the employer authorizes the supervisor to manage the project in the contract, only the visa signed by the employer is invalid. If there is also the supervisor's signature, the processing result of the visa may be that the quantities are approved, but the unit price may not be approved after being audited, and the cost engineer may sign it to enter the settlement according to the audited price. Signature+Truth: If the opinion signed by the Employer is true, it can only be used as evidence of claim for expenses and construction period at best, not as a visa. Whether the cost can be increased or the completion date can be postponed depends on the contract and other evidence materials. If the above situation is true, the Employer and the cost engineer will review the legality of the settlement content according to the settlement method of the contract. If there is any phenomenon of repeated pricing, the Employer and the cost engineer can completely refuse to settle the repeated pricing part, because the above situation is true only to show the existence of facts, and it is not completely confirmed that the listed items can be settled. The supervisor often thinks that the situation is true, just to witness what the contractor has done, and the quantity and price are approved by the employer himself, because he is afraid that the employer will think that the supervisor will speak for the contractor because of too much management. Signature+The above situation is true, and the settlement is agreed: the Employer has confirmed the existence of the fact and agreed to pay the fee for the fact. If it is indeed the repeated pricing caused by the visa officer's mistake, the cost engineer should submit the problem to the Employer and the Contractor for negotiation. If the two parties fail to negotiate, the cost engineer can generally only think that the Employer is willing to pay the repeated fee and subsidize the Contractor for some reason. The principles that must be observed in the visa: the visa can be made with drawings (sketches and schematic diagrams) and avoid simple text forms as much as possible; Visa should be based on evidence as much as possible, and the visa should be drawn as much as possible. Be able to sign the facts and try to avoid directly signing the results (including directly signing the quantities); Be able to sign quantities and try to avoid signing unit prices directly; Try to avoid signing the total price directly if you can sign the unit price; The fee visa can only be carried out after the claim procedure, so as to avoid directly carrying out the fee visa. Although the visa is a supplementary agreement at the legal level, it is legally binding on both the contractor and the issuing party. In the legal sense, only the court has the right to revoke or deny its validity, but the cost engineer can suggest that the issuing party and the contractor reach a new agreement, thus rejecting the original false visa. Directly sign the visa review of total price or unit price. For the visa of supplementary projects in the form of unilateral cost or total price, the cost engineer can generally use the confirmation method of engineering quantity and material price visa to review the engineering quantity and material price first, and then refer to the national quota standard and relevant documents for calculation. The unilateral cost and total price of the visa are higher than the calculation result. If there is no special reason, it is suggested that both the contractor and the contractor overturn the original visa and reach a new visa (such as confirmation according to the calculation result) to directly sign the results (including engineering quantity) for visa review. According to the calculation rules of engineering quantity, the authenticity of the signed engineering quantity can be checked. If the engineering quantity is not true, it can still be suggested that both parties of the contractor reach a new visa. Only sign the audit of the factual visa in words. For visas that state the actual construction situation of a project only from a technical point of view, there is neither a clear quantity of work nor a clear quantity of value. The cost engineer should review such a visa from a breakthrough point; First of all, consider whether this item needs to be added or not, and whether it is double counting; Definition method: analyze and confirm whether the employer's site representative knows that a certain content really happened in the construction process, and if so, whether this content is included in a certain quota subtitle of the original budget, explain it clearly after analysis and confirmation, and then define it and calculate it accurately. Sign the written facts+drawings (sketches, schematic diagrams) for visa review. In this way, if the audit content is true, it can be carried out by the general audit method.