Foam concrete construction scheme 1 (1) and construction technology
A, foam concrete production process is as follows:
The production technology of foam concrete includes: foam preparation, foam concrete mixture preparation, pouring, maintenance and inspection.
Cleaning at the grass-roots level → Determining the thickness and height points according to the requirements of drawing design and technical disclosure → Watering and wetting → Making foam concrete → Casting and molding according to the construction sequence → Maintenance → Inspection and finished product maintenance.
Second, the foam concrete raw material requirements
Raw materials for producing foamed concrete include foaming agent, cement and water.
1) foaming agent:
The quality of foam is identified by toughness, foaming multiple and bleeding ability. The toughness of foam is the characteristic that foam will not be destroyed in the air within a specified time, which is often determined by the sinking distance of foam per unit time. Foaming multiple refers to the multiple that the foam volume is greater than the volume of the foaming agent aqueous solution, and the bleeding amount refers to the volume of the foaming agent aqueous solution produced after the foam is destroyed. When the foam quality meets the following indicators, it can be used to produce foam concrete: ① After1h, the sinking distance of foam is not more than10 mm; ; ② The secretion of1h should not exceed 80ml；; (3) foam multiple is not less than 20 times.
2) Cement: ordinary 325 Portland cement.
3) Water: ordinary tap water or well water (fresh water). It is forbidden to mix water containing acidic substances into foaming agent, so as to avoid chemical reaction and affect the foaming effect of foaming agent.
(2) Construction conditions
A, the roof is clean, without wood square, steel pipes, steel bars, bricks and other sundry.
Second, the parapet is built, the internal powder is finished, and the water outlet is placed and can be used.
Three, elevators or tower cranes and other large-scale construction site equipment is running normally, which can be used by us to transport equipment and materials.
IV. Water (10m? /h), the electricity (380V) is sufficient, the temperature is above 5℃, and it is not natural disaster weather such as rain and snow.
Five, according to the contract and related technical approval list for construction.
(3) Construction deployment
First, the deployment of labor.
According to the characteristics of this project, our company's engineers made a field trip to the construction site, carefully checked the quantities, and got to know the construction period of the general contractor, combined with the construction difficulty of this project. Arrange the following labors for construction, as shown in the following table:
Second, the construction machinery deployment
According to the quantity and time limit for a project, our company will arrange the following equipment and tools:
(4) Safe operation and civilized construction
(1) Before workers enter the construction site, they must make safety technical disclosure and sign it. The disclosure content should be complete, perfect and targeted.
(2) Machines and tools used in foam concrete construction: foam concrete special equipment, water pipes, pumps, shovels, tape measures, ropes, buckets, etc. After all the machines and tools are transported to the construction site, the construction can only be started after being tested and debugged by professional technicians and determined to be trouble-free.
(3) The construction ammeter must meet the requirements, be overhead, and not be allowed to mop the floor at will. When overhead, metal shall not be used as a bar.
(4) Operators placing cement should wear dust masks and change them frequently; Feeding should be assisted by two people.
(5) The caked cement shall not be put into the mixing box, so as not to jam the blades of the mixer, which will cause excessive motor load and burn out the motor.
(6) Workers entering the site must be equipped with protective equipment such as safety helmet and work rain boots.
(7) The use of elevators or tower cranes must be commanded by the professionals of the general contractor.
(8) foam concrete operators are not allowed to take the elevator or tower crane hanging basket when going up and down the stairs. Before construction, the general contractor mechanic shall be entrusted to carefully check the wire ropes and anti-falling devices of elevators and tower cranes and replace them in time.
(5) Quality acceptance and testing
1, according to the roof acceptance standard and Q/NHT001-2007 enterprise standard.
2. Testing (see Q/NHT001-2007 Enterprise Standard for details)
(6) finished product protection
Natural curing for 3-7 days, after reaching a certain strength, the next working procedure can be carried out.
Foam concrete construction scheme 21. Construction preparation
(1) operating conditions
1. The ground cushion between kitchen and bathroom has been completed, and all risers and sleeves passing through the ground between kitchen and bathroom have been completed, firmly fixed and accepted. The gap around the pipe is filled with 1: 2: 4 pisolite concrete (the formwork is hung at the bottom of the floor).
2. The leveling layer of kitchen and bathroom floor has been completed, the elevation meets the requirements, and the surface should be flat, smooth and solid. Smooth, free from defects such as hollowing, cracks and sand, and the moisture content is not more than 9%.
3. The flooding slope of the leveling layer should be 2% (i.e. 1: 50), and local water accumulation is not allowed above. With the junction of the wall, corner, pipe root should be coated with uniform, smooth, radius of 100mm small rounded corners, and special trowel. The pipe root against the wall should be brushed with a gradient of 5%( 1∶20) to avoid water accumulation here.
4, besmear brushs waterproof layer at the grass-roots level surface, dust, debris should be clean, surface residual mortar lumps and higher part should be leveled and swept away. For the part around the pipe root that is difficult to clean, brush should be used to remove dust. If there are potholes or corners of yin and yang are not painted into circular arcs, mortar: cement: sand = 1: 1.5: 2.5 can be used to repair them.
5. Before making waterproof coating at the grass-roots level, the pipe roots and floor drains on the ground and walls should be prominent. Drain, Yin and Yang Angle and other parts prone to leakage, should be supplemented by additional layers.
6. According to the design requirements and construction regulations (at least 300mm around), the wall between the kitchen and the bathroom has waterproof parts, and the plastering of the wall at the grass-roots level should be calendered and required to be smooth, without defects such as empty drum, cracks and sand. Pipes and fixing fixtures passing through the waterproof layer should be installed in advance, the surface layer should be recessed by 5mm within 50mm from the pipeline, and the pipe root should be made into an arc with a radius of10 mm.
7. According to the elevation line of 50cm on the wall, pop up the waterproof height line of the wall and mark the boundary line between the riser and the standard ground. When painting, it should be flat with this line.
8. Adequate lighting equipment (safety low-voltage lamps, etc.). ) and ventilation equipment must be set before the kitchen and bathroom are waterproof.
9, waterproof materials are generally flammable and toxic substances, storage, storage and use should be far away from the fire, the construction site should be equipped with enough fire fighting equipment, construction personnel should wear work clothes, wear soft shoes, and set up professional foreman supervision.
10, and keep the ambient temperature above +5℃.
1 1. The operators shall receive professional training, hold relevant certificates, make a sample room first, and then carry out comprehensive construction after passing the acceptance.
(2) Material requirements
Gold concrete aerated concrete special waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom is a leap in the waterproof coating market. It not only has the advantages of good weather resistance, waterproof and stability of SBS modified asphalt coiled material, but also is easy to be molded into an integral waterproof coiled material, so it is an ideal waterproof material. This product is a high-performance, low-cost thick paste coating based on petroleum asphalt, modified by polymers, plasticizers and fillers.
(3) Tools
Main machines and tools: electric mixer, mixing tongs, small paint bucket, plastic scraper, small iron scraper, rubber scraper, spring scale, brush, roller brush, small trowel, oil shovel, broom, etc.
Second, the quality requirements
(1) Main control items
1, waterproof materials comply with the design requirements and the provisions of the current relevant standards.
2, drainage slope, embedded pipes, equipment, fixed bolt seal comply with the design requirements.
3, floor drain roof should be in the lowest place on the ground, easy to drainage, and the system is smooth.
Third, the process flow
Construction technology of HB special waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom;
Grass-roots cleaning → detailed additional layer construction → first layer coating → second layer coating → third layer coating → first water test → protective layer construction → second water test → engineering quality acceptance.
Fourth, the operation process
Grassroots cleaning
Before the construction of coating waterproof layer, use a shovel to remove the gray skin on the surface of the base, and use a broom to clean up the dust, sand and other sundries, especially the pipe root, floor drain and drain. If there is oil stain, brush it off with a wire brush and sandpaper. The surface of the base must be smooth, and the depressions should be filled with cement putty.
(2) Details of additional layer construction
1, after opening the packaging barrel, stir evenly. It is forbidden to dilute this product with water or other materials.
2. Construction of detail additional layer: Dip the prepared paint with a paint brush, and evenly coat it on the weak parts that are prone to water leakage, such as pipe roots, floor drains, yin and yang corners, etc. , and don't leak coating (ground and corner junction, waterproof coating, roll to the wall 250mm high). After the surface is dried for 4 hours at room temperature, the second coating waterproof coating is applied. After 24 hours of hard work, large-area coating waterproof layer construction can be carried out, and the thickness of each additional layer should be 0.6 mm
(3) Coating waterproof layer construction
The general thickness of HB waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom is 1. 1mm, 1.5mm and 2.0 mm, and coating construction can be carried out in two or three times according to different design thicknesses.
1, open the packaging barrel and mix well first.
2. First brushing: evenly brush the stirred HB waterproof coating for kitchen and bathroom on the surface of the base coated with primer with a plastic or rubber scraper, with a thickness of 0.6mm and a uniform brushing amount of 0.6 ~ 0.8 kg/m2. When operating, the wall should be first followed by the ground, and the operation should be retreated from the inside out.
3. Second coating: When the first coating is cured and not sticky, the second coating waterproof construction shall be carried out according to the first material construction method. In order to make the film thickness uniform, the scraping direction must be perpendicular to the first scraping direction, the scraping amount is slightly less than the first scraping, and the thickness should be 0.5 mm
4. Third coating: After the second coating is cured, the third coating is carried out according to the above two construction methods, and the coating amount is 0.4 ~ 0.5k/m2 (if the design thickness is above 1 and 5mm, the fourth coating can be carried out).
5. Removal of coarse sand adhesive layer: In order to protect the waterproof layer, the stone slag adhesive layer shall not be removed from the ground waterproof layer, and its adhesive layer can be brushed with 1: 1 glue or CMB mucilage. After the construction of waterproof protective layer on the ground is completed, roll-coat the waterproof coating on the waterproof layer of the wall, and when it is not solidified, remove the clean 2 ~ 3 mm sand particles on its surface to increase.
6, protective layer or decorative layer construction
(4) Detailed construction of waterproof layer
Details of waterproof layer are as follows:
1, pipe root and corner
1- floor, 2- leveling layer (the pipe root and the corner are made into an arc with a radius of R= 10mm, and all the pipe roots against the wall are brushed with a slope of 5%).
3— Waterproof additional layer (width 150mm, corner height 100mm, pipe root flush with standard ground) 4— Waterproof layer 5— Waterproof protective layer 6— Ground surface layer.
2. The specific practice of floor drain
1-formwork 2-leveling layer (radius of pipe root and corner r =10mm) 3-waterproof additional layer (width 150mm, pipe root is flush with standard ground) 4-waterproof layer 5-waterproof protective layer 6-ground surface.
3. Details of the door
1-Floor 2-Leveling layer (arc with radius R= 10mm is made at the corner) 3-Waterproof additional layer (width 150mm, which is higher than the ground height) 4-Waterproof layer (external wall 250mm) 5—-Waterproof protective layer 6-Ground surface layer.
(5) Acceptance of coating waterproof layer
According to the construction technology of waterproof coating, each working procedure should be carefully checked and accepted, and recorded. The construction of the next working procedure can only be carried out after it is qualified. After the waterproof layer is completed and worked hard, the coating quality shall be fully accepted, and the coating shall be full, uniform in thickness, tightly sealed, and the thickness shall meet the design requirements (slice inspection). The waterproof layer has no defects such as bulging, cracking and warping. After inspection and acceptance, the water storage test can be carried out (the water surface is 20mm higher than the standard ground), and there is no leakage for 24 hours. Make records, and the protective layer can be constructed.
(6) finished product protection
1 During the operation of coating waterproof layer, operators should wear flat shoes, pipe fittings and sleeves, floor drains, fixing clips, etc. on rebar surfaces and walls. , shall not be damaged or displaced. When applying waterproof coating, it is not allowed to pollute the electric boxes on the walls, floors, doors and windows and other parts. Heating and sanitary pipes, sanitary appliances, etc.
2. After the construction of each coating waterproof layer is completed, it should be strictly protected, and eye-catching no entry signs should be set at the door of the kitchen and bathroom. Before the construction of protective layer, no one is allowed to enter or pile sundries on it, so as not to damage the waterproof layer.
3, floor drain or drain before waterproof construction, protective measures should be taken to prevent debris from entering, to ensure smooth drainage, water storage qualified, clean up the floor drain.
4. During the construction of waterproof protective layer, mortar shall not be mixed on the waterproof layer. When laying mortar, shovel shall not touch the waterproof layer. Care should be taken not to damage the waterproof layer.
(7) Quality problems that should be paid attention to.
1. There are bubbles in the coating waterproof layer: the main reason is that the base layer is not cleaned cleanly, the coating is uneven or the leveling layer is wet, and the water content is higher than 9%; The water content test was not carried out before painting, which led to empty drum, and in serious cases, large area bulging. Therefore, before coating the waterproof layer, the base must be cleaned and the moisture content should be appropriate.
2. After the construction of the ground surface, the water storage test was carried out, and leakage occurred: the main reasons were that the pipe fittings and floor drains passing through the ground and wall were loose, the smoke exhaust duct sank, and the waterproof layer was torn; There are gaps in other parts due to loose pipe roots or weak bonding, the contact surface is not cleaned, the lap length of joints and seals is not enough, and the paste is not tight; Waterproof protective layer may damage the waterproof layer: the first water storage test was not deep enough. Therefore, in the process of construction, we should carefully operate the relevant processes, strengthen the sense of responsibility, and operate in strict accordance with the process standards and construction specifications. After the construction of coating waterproof layer is completed, the first water storage test is carried out. The water storage depth must be 20mm higher than the standard ground, and there will be no leakage for 24 hours. If there is leakage, it can be repaired according to the specific part of the leakage, or even completely reworked. After the ground construction is completed, the second water storage test should be carried out. 24 hours without leakage is the final qualification, and fill in the water storage inspection record.
3. Poor drainage on the ground: The main reason is that the ground and leveling layer did not find the slope according to the design requirements during construction, resulting in inverted slope or uneven water storage. Therefore, before the construction of coating waterproof layer, check whether the slope at the grass-roots level meets the requirements. If it does not conform to the design, it should be treated before waterproofing, and the slope should be found according to the design requirements during surface construction.
4. After the second water storage test, the ground has passed the acceptance test, but the leakage phenomenon is still found after the completion of use: the main reasons are that the drainage of sanitary ware is not tightly connected with the pipe socket, and it is not tightly sealed with building sealant after the connection, or the fixing screws of sanitary ware pass through the waterproof layer and are not treated. After the installation of sanitary ware, it is necessary to carefully check whether each interface meets the requirements before proceeding to the next process. After installation of sanitary ware, attention should be paid to the protection of finished products.