Kissing makes the heart beat faster and can release hormones, saliva and microorganisms. For scientists, its origin is as mysterious as flying saucers, ghosts and snowmen in the Himalayas.

in the center of the solemn conference hall of Louisville Auditorium, Francesca and Paolo embraced and were having a long kiss. People stared intently at the two lovers who fell in love, walked slowly around them, and kept saying to themselves, < P > Wonderful! "How charming!" They hugged each other so tightly that

people couldn't even know whether Francesca and her lover used their tongues-whether they exchanged saliva

. French kiss, soul blending. To make matters worse, Paul is Francesca's brother-in-law, and they are all naked.

Francesca and Paul are an adulterous couple in Dante's Divine Comedy. Since their bloated bodies were born out of a marble in Rodin's Paris studio, they have been kissing for nearly one hundred years. A pair of blond teenagers in white T-shirts and light brown shorts are walking leisurely around the statue. They are holding hands and stop to kiss each other secretly from time to time.

Everything was so natural that they didn't realize at all that they were imitating the

movements of the statue beside them.

some people around are doing the same. Nowadays, chivalry may have been in blowing in the wind, and te amo every

afternoon has become an all-night carnival, and the fragrant love letter has given way to the disgusting

e-mail. However, despite the vicissitudes of life, the kiss has survived in the society of indulgence, and < P > it has a long history. It seems that it makes promiscuity the only currency, while Platonic love < P > becomes worthless. The reason is that our ways of showing love are becoming more and more complicated, and the scenes performed by screen couples in

movies and the oral foreplay advocated by many popular songs are more and more appreciated by people.

In the esoteric philosophy of the East, kissing is of great importance. It can awaken

six mysterious central parts of the body. Now, the "social kiss" has penetrated into the once rigid international communication. In this era, teenage mothers, face-to-face dances and

pages of Internet porn sites can be seen everywhere, but kissing can still shock people and make news, provided that the kissing time is long enough and the identities of the kissing parties are

wrong enough. In May, the photo of 49-year-old Christine Hamilton touching a 19-year-old boy's lips shocked many tabloid readers. A few years ago

, the scene of Anna Friel and p>(Kerri Taylor touching and kissing was broadcast on Channel 4, but

was deleted from the featured edition the next day. This move was strongly condemned by lesbian organizations, so that the latter held a kissing demonstration outside the headquarters of Channel 4.

Meanwhile, kissing contests and kissing marathons keep setting new records. At a rally in new york last year, Mark and Roberta griswold kissed for 29 hours until they had to go to the toilet. They beat eight other couples and won a week's holiday in Bali. This year, this record was broken by another couple in Rabin Square in Tel Aviv, Israel. They persisted for more than 3 hours, and finally they both went to the hospital for treatment of facial pain.

Major lip movements involve more than 3 facial muscles. "Compared with the movements of upper limbs and lower limbs, the accuracy of lip movements is unbelievable," said Professor Gus McGrutt, head of the Department of Plastic Surgery at University College London. He studied how to correct oral defects by kissing. "It's a very, very good sport. When you kiss, many

muscles in your lips contract. The levator muscle vertically distributed in the lips lifts the lips so that they protrude forward and outward < P >. At the same time, it is the orbicularis muscle that closes the lips, which is distributed around the lips in a ring shape. These muscles

act in harmony, so that the lips can protrude and kiss. On each side of the cheek, there is a muscle with a horizontal distribution of water, which is called buccal muscle, and its distribution direction is from the mouth to the ears. It can control the position of the lips when it is tight. " Although the lip muscles are the basic conditions for kissing, < P > people enjoy it because there are a lot of nerve endings here. The area in the brain that controls the mouth < P > is actually larger than the area that controls the genitals. "The lips, mouth and tongue are the most sensitive parts of the human body," Margaret H．Harter said. She is

a researcher at the Kinsey Institute of Sexology in Indiana. "Of the 12 nerves that affect brain function, 5 are related to kissing. Because the brain is closely related to the lips, tongue, cheeks and

nose, people can feel the temperature, smell,

taste and movement when kissing. "

"One bundle of nerves controls muscle contraction, and the other bundle of nerves controls sensation," McGrew

explained. "These nerves meet in the brain. When you kiss, you need your brain to tell you where your lips are, so you never kiss each other on the tip of their nose. The whole process takes place in the

brain, which takes only a few microseconds. It is much smarter than any computer. "

All the above are clinical descriptions. So, what deep < P > influence will a affectionate kiss have? "It is magma, not blood, that runs in the blood vessels. Breathing is very short.

In beautiful love communication, you will moan ... Your brain is empty, because blood

will flow violently in all the blood vessels of your body, and there will be very little blood in your head. At this time, you can't think at all. " This passage is selected from a love guide published in 1936 by Hugh Morris. These words are not completely false. If the kissing partners are congenial adult partners, < P > and their sexual and psychological qualities are good, then the effect of kissing is tantamount to a rush of amphetamine.

Dopamine begins to flow rapidly around the brain, and the secretion of testosterone in both sexes increases. Adrenal glands

secrete hormones adrenaline and norepinephrine, which raise blood pressure and the heartbeat

increases from 6-8 beats per minute to more than 1 times. The increase of blood flow is manifested in the capillaries under the skin of the lips, and people's lips become red and swollen, which is very sexy (this is red A ring full of lust appeared on the mouth.

In unusually passionate kissing, the pituitary gland at the bottom of the brain secretes posterior lobe hormone. Scientists believe that this magical "family" hormone can stimulate us to form a love relationship, and it can also

help childbirth and stimulate women to secrete milk. A recent study on posterior lobe hormones conducted by the University of California, San Francisco

provides evidence for a common sense: people

can generate or enhance the desire to establish a one-on-one relationship with each other when kissing.

But, most importantly, why do we kiss? If kissing can be used as a

weapon of war, perhaps scientists have already found out the answer, and there is no need to learn how to split atoms,

take off and land vertically. One possible explanation is that kissing is just a trick to get close to someone and sniff

the smell of the other person. The evidence is that we still have a primitive need: to collect samples of exogenous hormones. Related to this is the following theory: We just really want to taste the sebum secreted by the gland on the side of < P > square lips, in order to test each other's sex chemicals. An unreasonable statement is that kissing originated from the practice of ancient people licking each other on a hot day to get cold

but salt.

Desmond Morris put forward another explanation in his book Intimacy

. He associated kissing with feeding. "in the early human

society, people have not invented commercial baby food. The way for a mother to wean is

to chew food in her mouth and then put it into her baby's mouth in a mouth-to-mouth way, "he wrote.

"If young couples feel the comfort of ancient mothers feeding with their mouths when exploring each other's mouths with their tongues, they will increase their mutual trust and ties."

But other theorists prefer the following view: Kissing is the progress of

sucking mother's breast. "Although people can't remember greedily sucking their mother's breasts,

there are still a lot of hints about this feeling in their hearts," said p>(Nick Fisher, the author of The Kissing Book. "without this sucking

kiss, you will become hungry and feel that there is no love around you. Therefore, in adulthood, people

continue to use their lips to express their affection. It can evoke happy memories in people's hearts. "

The Indian Book of Love, Latin words and South American pottery all prove that kissing is an ancient activity. Gorillas often kiss, and bonobos in Africa even kiss with their tongues, which proves that kissing existed before human beings appeared. On the other hand, their kissing behavior < P > may have evolved independently after parting ways with the human pedigree.

it seems that human babies are born to kiss. They seem to know very well that their mouths are the joint between the internal world and the external world, and they use their lips to test everything.

As we grow up, we learn a lot about oral skills, but at the same time, we also get all the disappointing taboos and elegant manners of adults. And when children kiss others, they are generally < P > natural and instinctive, and never care about the consequences. Just getting older does not necessarily make

people master the key to the kingdom of kissing. In some parts of the world, it is also forbidden for adults to engage in such activities in public places, such as Malaysia and Papua New Guinea. "Most health scholars are opposed to kissing and this kind of contact between mucous membranes," wrote Joseph Poucel, a French doctor. Now many scientists know that this is sheer nonsense. Julius Weinberg, an epidemiologist, said, "From an evolutionary point of view, if kissing is harmful to human beings, the kissing race should have been extinct long ago. Most

bacteria in our mouth and throat are beneficial or at least harmless. An important reason why we can survive is

because we exchange bacteria with each other. "

Mormons are pessimistic about kissing before marriage. The Mormon prophet Spencer King

Bohr preached, "Kisses are no longer pure and flawless, just like prostitutes. It has degenerated into a means to cultivate and

express lust, instead of expressing love, respect and worship. What's the point of kissing when it loses its sacred

connotation and is thrown around like cookies? " Kimball

described the acceptable kissing methods between young lovers: "I don't mind if you start kissing

after several dates. But it's not a Hollywood kiss, nor a passionate kiss, but a friendly kiss, so there won't be any trouble. "

But it is social kissing that really causes trouble, such as a casual kiss when meeting a friend of a friend

or a theatrical kiss that is fashionable. Busy businessmen

travel around the world, never knowing whether they kiss too many cheeks too many times. Men

rush to kiss the charming girl they just met, but they don't know that they are about to kiss the whole house

. "Kissing spilled in company communication has laid a potential danger in the whole United States, < P > because an action that is wrongly judged will make the whole company suffer losses," said Tomina Edemark, a businesswoman and writer in Texas. She believed that the following two factors made more and more companies kiss to facilitate business transactions: First, the boundary between social and business norms was blurred.

A survey shows that 6% of British people don't like kissing people they just met, but

prefer to shake hands with them. Only 13% people want to communicate with each other by mouth. John Morgan, a writer in the Times column

, commented, "It is rude and presumptuous to kiss someone at the first meeting:

In this case, just shaking hands or nodding your head is enough. The only place to kiss socially is the cheek. For the elderly, a kiss is more common; Young people usually kiss twice

, but kissing three times at any age is too much. " Even

kissing between family members has minefields. Traditionally, little boys avoid their uncles' lips, and adult brothers < P > generally embrace like tough guys, and hate mouth-to-mouth contact.

Standing under the statue of the goddess of sex in London's Piccadilly Circus, Joe geist kisses passers-by like

cookies. It was July 6, 1999, at 9: a.m. in kissing festival, China. The model who used to be naked is promoting the women's underwear chain. On this day, Joe

only wore two pieces of black underwear, which were decorated with dazzling pink lip foil. A group of tabloid reporters loudly directed her to take photos of various poses. After taking the photo, she kissed

a passerby who was about to go to work loudly, "but without using her tongue". On Tuesday, the sun was shining, and the horse

theater was crowded with people. But it seems that not many people buy her account. Maybe she smoked one and a half Marlboro cigarettes in her hand to create a deterrent.

Joe stuck his lower lip out of his face and blew a breath. This is an internationally accepted signal of fatigue < P >. "I've been up since 4 o'clock in the morning," she sighed, explaining that she was promoting kissing festival for the radio station in London. She once kissed Chris Evans on the neck. According to a survey of 17, wives and girlfriends, the neck is the place that most British women

like to touch with their mouths, followed by their lips and then their breasts. I asked Joe if he remembered her romantic first kiss. "Yes," she said, "I was still in middle school at that time. The young man

is named Duncan. We once went out for four months' holiday together. We tried to

kiss when we got to a tree, and our teeth met. "

Like Joe, it seems that many people remember the first kiss. In fact, in my memory, there are

many details about that wonderful moment-places, feelings and conversations-that last forever, while

many important events that changed my life are gradually blurred. Americans did relevant

research in early 1999. Researchers from Butler University surveyed nearly 3 people, and most of them remember their first < P > kiss much more clearly than at other times.

A man in a suit approached the statue of the goddess of sex. Finally, a guest has arrived! but he ...