Cursive script: a font created for the convenience of writing. It began in the early Han Dynasty. What was commonly used at that time was "Cao Li", that is, scrawled official script. Later, it gradually developed into a kind of "Zhang Cao" with artistic value. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhi changed "Zhangcao" to "Jincao", and the style of the characters was formed in one stroke. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Xu and Huai Su developed "Kang Cao" with continuous and convoluted strokes and numerous changes in glyphs. Cursive script is characterized by its simple structure and continuous strokes. Zhangcao originated in the Western Han Dynasty and flourished in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The handwriting is in the form of official script, and the characters are distinct and not intertwined. Jincao started in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, with various styles and beautiful writing styles. The father and son of Jin Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi were good at Jincao. In modern times, Lin Sanzhi, Mr. Yu Rentian is also good at this art; Kuangcao, also known as Dacao, has unrestrained writing style and continuous movement, such as "Thousands of Broken Steles" and "Four Ways of Ancient Poems" by Zhang Xu of the Tang Dynasty, "Autobiography" by Huai Suseng, etc., Sun Guo The characters in Ting's "Shupu" are distinct and not connected, but the writing style is lively and elegant. "Big grass" and "small grass" are relatively symmetrical. The big grass is purely made of grass and is difficult to identify. Zhang Xu and Huaisu are good at this. Their characters are written in one stroke, with occasional discontinuities, but the blood flow is continuous. Feng Ban of the Qing Dynasty's "Buoyin Shu Yao" said about learning cursive calligraphy: "Learn Xianzhi from small grass, learn from Xizhi from big grass, and learn from Zhang Xu than Huaisu from Kuangcao." Huaisu's cursive calligraphy is easy to recognize, the handwriting is thin and visible, and the joints between the words are also clear and easy to write. Zhang Xu's glyphs change a lot, often with a number, and the momentum between the lines is constant and difficult to identify, forming a unique style. Han Yu's "Preface to Gao Xian" mentioned that Zhang Xu's cursive script is "happy, angry, embarrassed, poor, worried." Sadness, joy, resentment, yearning, drunkenness, boredom, and injustice, if they are moved in the heart, must be expressed in cursive script." Therefore, it is difficult to learn from Zhang Xu. Recently, it is common to see the writing style of official script with an elegant style of cursive brush, which is called official script. It is also a way of writing performances. "Broken grass" is the most common style among modern calligraphers. It is characterized by a dot-and-dashes structure, with strokes and strokes. Most calligraphy styles from ancient times to the present have evolved into their own style. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy style is a little bit like that. Taking some of Wang Duo's dharma calligraphy, Zhu Yunming, Sun Guoting and other famous people in the past took their strengths, combined their own characteristics, and displayed them freely and freely. This writing style is similar to today's calligraphy. There is a saying of "cursive writing" in cursive writing, and there are many regular scripts in the calligraphy style, which is close to cursive writing. The writing style is relatively fluid. Liu Xizai's "Shu Gui" of the Qing Dynasty said: There are "real lines" and "cursive lines" in running script. "Zhenxing" is close to real writing but indulges in authenticity, while "Caoxing" is close to cursive writing but is focused on cursive writing. Zhang Huaiguan's "Shu Yi" of the Tang Dynasty said: Those who are both true are called "Zhen Xing", and those who are Cao Cao are called "Xing Cao". Hence this distinction. Zheng Banqiao is good at six-and-a-half-point calligraphy, which is a type of calligraphy and a "hybrid style" with many components. Zheng Banqiao combines eight-point seal script, official script, and regular script in one furnace, with the intention of combining eight-point script with seal script, official script, and regular script. In between, it is called "six and a half books". Jiang Shiquan of the Qing Dynasty praised Zheng Banqiao's calligraphy and said: Banqiao's calligraphy is like writing orchid, with the odd and graceful ancient shapes; Banqiao's writing orchids is like writing, with beautiful leaves and sparse flowers showing grace. This means that Zheng Banqiao's official regular script is divided into six parts and half script, and the middle part of the writing method is the painting method. Song Si's "Calligraphy Theory" of the Ming Dynasty proposed that the "Twelve Doors" of calligraphy must be clearly defined, namely: 1. Clear spirit, 2. Holding the pen, 3. Using the wrist, 4. Upright, 5. Copying, 6. Structure, seven, square and round, eight, density, nine, slowness, ten, proficiency, eleven, charm, twelve, unified theory. All of them adopt the essence of the predecessors and collect them for the understanding of calligraphers. The name of a calligraphy style in Chinese characters. Cursive script was formed in the Han Dynasty. From the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, it was divided into Zhangcao, Jincao and Kuangcao. The curated chapter is like the Songjiang version of Wu Huangxiang's "Jijiuzhang"; the current curated chapter is like the "Chu Yue" and "Deshi" by Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty and Sun Guoting's "Book Book"; the wild curated chapter is like the "Belly Pain" by Zhang Xu of the Tang Dynasty and other calligraphy and sentiments The original "Zi Xie Tie" are all extant treasures. Any calligraphy style has the requirement of being simple and easy to write in use, and there is a tendency to omit simple drawings and scribbles. This tendency is the main reason for the evolution of writing. Whenever there is a period of social change and cultural development, characters are used frequently, individuals simplify and simplify, and variant characters appear more quickly. In order to make characters more convenient for use, corrections must be made. "Wang Xuan of Zhou Dynasty wrote the script", "Li Si wrote the small seal script", "Cheng Miao wrote the official script", and Cai Yong wrote the Xiping Shijing in eight points. They were all standardized by the Zhou Dynasty, Qin and Han Dynasties. The promulgated standard typeface is also the beginning of the recognition of the new calligraphy style as the traditional Chinese style. But the trend toward simplicity does not stop there. As early as in the oracle bones of the Shang Dynasty and the bronze inscriptions of the Zhou Dynasty, which recorded the important events of emperors and ministers, there are simple and scrawled handwritings. In historical records, "Qu Yuan belongs to Cao Gao" and "Dong Zhongshu Gao Shu has not been published", which shows that the ancient inscriptions of the Warring States Period and the official script of the Western Han Dynasty were written at a rapid pace. The time is not right either. According to records from the Wei and Jin Dynasties, King Liu Mu of Beihai in the Eastern Han Dynasty was "good at history writing and regarded it as regular rules in his time." Before Liu Mu's death, Emperor Ming sent a post horse to "order ten poems written in cursive script and rulers." During the reign of Emperor Zhang, Prime Minister Du Du was good at making examples of calligraphy. Emperor Zhang once ordered Du Du to write in cursive script. It can be seen that since the middle of the 1st century AD, cursive script is no longer just a hurried writing but a font that has been cherished and imitated. It can be seen from the Han bamboo slips unearthed in recent times that the official script of the provincial bamboo slips with characters and provinces was already in use during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. By the Xinmang period, there were more elliptical and connected characters. In the 22nd year of Emperor Jianwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 46), the bamboo slips were completely in cursive script. However, from the Zhou Dynasty to the Xinmang period, cursive script was never listed as a calligraphy style. "Shuowen Jiezi" was written in the twelfth year of Emperor He (AD 100). Xu Shen said in "Xu" that "cursive script emerged in the Han Dynasty", which was the beginning of cursive script as a calligraphy style.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhi was known as the Sage of Cao. At the same time and later, Zhong Yao and other famous scholars emerged in large numbers, each forming its own school. At that time, Zhao Yi wrote "Not in Cursive Script", and Cai Yong had similar arguments to maintain the status of traditional Chinese characters. This reflects that cursive script has become extremely popular. From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, cursive script developed from zhangcao with the style of official script to modern cursive with graceful and graceful rhyme, and even to wild cursive with unrestrained and powerful momentum. There have been different interpretations of the name of Zhangcao in the past dynasties. It is most ridiculous to say that Zhangcao got its name from the chapter character in "Jijiuzhang" after seeing that "Jijiuzhang" has been written in cursive since the late Han Dynasty. Some people say that Emperor Zhang loved cursive script, or that he ordered memorials to be written in cursive script, or even that he created cursive script. This is all speculation. There is a synonym for the chapter of the constitution and the chapter of the constitution and regular script, which is in line with the fact that the early cursive script has a slight eight-point brushwork, the characters are not related to each other, and there are rules and regulations to follow in the omission of strokes. Many people in recent times believe this theory. There are two theories about when Jincao originated: Zhang Zhi in the late Han Dynasty and Wang Xizhi and Wang Qia in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Judging from the handed down tables and posts, as well as the unearthed Han bamboo slips and Han bricks, it can be seen that at the same time that the eight-point script was used as the regular script in the late Han Dynasty, writing methods that approximated the real script had already appeared. Cursive writing will also mutate accordingly. Cui Yuan, a cursive calligrapher who was slightly later than Zhang Zhi, wrote "Cursive Script Shi". He said that cursive script "looks like a series of beads, never separated", "the last stroke ends with momentum, and the rest is tangled", "the head does not hang down but the tail hangs down", and "the subtlety and subtlety are important". The description of "whatever is appropriate at the moment" shows that the cursive writing style of the late Han Dynasty was smooth and no longer rigidly adhered to the rules. There are no clear divisions in the evolution of calligraphy styles. To say that Jincao arose from Zhang Zhi is to look at the germination of the new style; to say that Jincao arose from Er Wang is to focus on the formation of typical styles. Since the Tang Dynasty, real books have been used to this day. In the Tang Dynasty, cursive script appeared in Kuang Cao, represented by Zhang Xu and Huai Su, and became an artistic creation completely divorced from practicality. From then on, Cursive script was just a calligraphy work that calligraphers copied from Zhang Cao, Jin Cao and Kuang Cao.

"Li Bai's Reminiscences of Old Travel Poems" written by Huang Shangu in the Song Dynasty can be called a masterpiece of wild cursive writing]