Legal analysis: 1. Departmental appraisal agencies mainly refer to appraisal agencies established by national security agencies, public security agencies, procuratorial agencies, and people’s courts that are compatible with reconnaissance, prosecution, and trial functions. They are basically divided into central , province, city, prefecture, district and county levels. Among them, specialized appraisal agencies such as the technical bureaus or technical divisions established by the Ministry of National Security, the Ministry of Public Security, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and the Supreme People's Court also review difficult cases submitted by provincial and municipal appraisal departments. Most appraisal departments at the district and county levels only have preliminary appraisal rights, and their appraisal conclusions must be reviewed by the appraisal department at the next higher level before they can take effect.

2. The Judicial Appraisal Committee is a horizontal joint organization that breaks departmental boundaries and is linked by appraisal institutions and appraisers. Its organizational forms include the National Appraisal Committee and the Local Appraisal Committee. This organizational form is in the process of exploration stage.

3. Forensic appraisal institutions oriented to social services mainly refer to appraisal service institutions set up by appraisal scientific research institutions and colleges and universities with strong appraisal technology and equipment. Such as the Institute of Forensic Authentication Science and Technology of the Ministry of Justice, the Forensic Authentication Center of Southwest University of Political Science and Law, the Forensic Authentication Center of East China University of Political Science and Law, the Forensic Authentication Center of China University of Political Science and Law, the Physical Evidence Technology Appraisal Center of Renmin University of China, the Forensic Authentication Center of Peking University, and the Forensic Authentication Center of Northwest University of Political Science and Law The Center, Beijing Huaxia Physical Evidence Identification Center and others are the eight forensic identification institutions approved by the Ministry of Justice in the first phase, which are responsible for guiding the judicial identification work oriented to social services. Their main tasks are to research, develop and promote new technologies, and accept entrustments from judicial organs and all walks of life. Carry out appraisal business and appraisal consultation.

Legal basis: "Regulations on Handling Internet Crime Cases by the People's Procuratorate" Article 41 When inspecting and authenticating electronic data, focus on reviewing the following contents:

(1) Identification subject legality. This includes reviewing the qualifications of forensic appraisal institutions and forensic appraisal personnel, whether the entrusted appraisal matters are in line with the business scope of the forensic appraisal institution, and whether there are avoidances by the appraisal personnel;

(2) The objectivity of appraisal materials. Including whether the identification materials are authentic, complete and sufficient, whether the acquisition method is legal, and whether they are consistent with the original electronic data;

(3) The scientific nature of the identification method. Including whether the identification method complies with national standards and industry standards, and whether the selection of method standards complies with relevant regulations;

(4) The integrity of the identification opinions. Whether it includes the client, time of entrustment, inspection material information, appraisal or analysis and argumentation process, appraisal results, signature of the appraiser, date, etc.;

(5) Whether the appraisal opinion and other evidence on record can mutually corroborate each other.

Inspection and testing reports issued by institutions other than appraisal institutions may be reviewed with reference to the provisions of this article.