Mao Yisheng (1896 ~ 1989) was named Tang Chen, an expert in bridge engineering. China is a pioneer of modern bridge industry, a pioneer of railway science and technology, and also a pioneer of soil mechanics and an outstanding science popularization worker in China. Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. He graduated from Tangshan Industrial College (now Southwest Jiaotong University) in 1916.

in p>1917, he obtained a master's degree from Cornell University.

in p>1919, he received his doctorate from Carnegie Institute of Technology.

He used to be the director of engineering at National Southeast University (now Nanjing University), the president of Hohai University of Technology, the president of Beiyang Institute of Technology, and the president of Beiyang University (now Tianjin University) and Jiaotong University.

In 193s, he presided over the design and organized the construction of a double-deck highway-railway bridge with a foundation depth of 47.8 meters on the Qiantang River with complex natural conditions, and made great achievements. The completion of Qiantang River Bridge broke the situation that foreigners monopolized the design and construction of modern bridges in China and became a milestone in the history of Chinese bridges. In engineering education, we initiated heuristic education methods, devoted ourselves to educational reform, and trained a number of outstanding bridge engineering professionals. He has presided over the Research Institute of the Ministry of Railways for more than 3 years and made outstanding contributions to the progress of railway science and technology. The first to the third chairman of china civil engineering society.

In p>1943, he was elected as a professor of the Ministry of Education.

In p>1948, he was elected as an academician of Academia Sinica.

In p>1982, he was elected as a foreign academician of the National Academy of Engineering.

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on November 11th, 1934, construction of Qiantang river bridge started. Mao Yisheng, 39, was appointed as the chief designer and chief engineer of Qiantang River Bridge. This is the first modern bridge designed and built by China people themselves. However, the bridge only existed for 89 days.

when designing and building the Qiantang river bridge, Mao Yisheng was extremely harsh on every working procedure. But on July 7, 1937, the Lugouqiao Incident broke out. Mao Yisheng had a premonition that he didn't want to face up to. The top decision-maker of Qiantang River Bridge suddenly ordered that a rectangular big hole be left on the south pier No.2 of Qiantang River Bridge, which was nearly completed. This big hole did not appear in the design, and he did not explain the reason to anyone.

On August 13th, 1937, the Battle of Songhu broke out. On September 26th, the lower single-track railway bridge of Qiantang River Bridge was first opened to traffic. On the day of opening to traffic, trains carrying a large number of arms and materials began to pass through the bridge. But the war is urgent, and the bridge site has been shrouded in the cloud of war.

throughout September and October, the battle between Songhu and Shanghai was extremely fierce. Mao Yisheng hoped that Shanghai could stop the Japanese attack. However, the Battle of Songhu, which lasted for three months, ended with the fall of Shanghai, and Hangzhou was in danger. At this time, the Qiantang River Bridge has been completed. But Mao Yisheng felt that he was unable to grasp the fate of the bridge. On November 16th, Mao Yisheng received an order from the Nanjing government: If Hangzhou is not guaranteed, it will blow up the Qiantang River Bridge.

The rectangular hole left by Mao Yisheng in the South No.2 pier is actually to prevent this moment from coming. That night, Mao Yisheng marked all the fatal points of Qiantang River Bridge with a rigorous and accurate attitude of a bridge engineer. Throughout the night, more than 1 wires were connected to a house on the south bank from various explosion points. Mao Yisheng has been seeing the last lead connected.

This is the longest day in Mao Yisheng's life. He later recalled the day to his family and said that it was like strangling his newborn child in the cradle.

on the morning of November 17th, all the explosives were buried. At this time, Mao Yisheng received an order from the Zhejiang provincial government: a large number of refugees flooded into Hangzhou, and the ferry was simply not enough. The Qiantang River Bridge must be fully opened to traffic on the same day. The Zhejiang provincial government doesn't know at this time that the bridge has just been covered with explosives. This matter is highly confidential! On November 17th, it was the first day that the bridge that Mao Yisheng longed for but didn't dare to expect was fully opened to traffic. When the first car passed by the bridge, hundreds of thousands of people on both sides of the strait applauded hard and the applause lasted for a long time. Mao Yisheng later recalled: "All the more than 1, people who crossed the bridge that day, and those who crossed the bridge every day after that, everyone had to walk on explosives, and the train also flashed on explosives. On the first day of opening the bridge, there was explosives in the bridge, which is unprecedented in the history of bridges at all times and at all times! "

at 1 pm on December 23rd, 1937, Mao Yisheng finally received the order: blow up the bridge. At 5 o'clock in the afternoon, the vanguard of the Japanese army was faintly visible, the crowd was forcibly blocked, and all the fuses were lit. The Qiantang River Bridge, with a total length of 1,453 meters, which lasted for 925 days and nights and cost 1.6 million US dollars, was bombed on the 89th day of its opening to traffic. Japanese soldier Yong Hefu photographed the bombed Qiantang River Bridge after the smoke cleared. A few decades later, Mr. You Yonghe came to Beijing and handed this photo he took to Mao Yisheng.

On the night when the bridge was blown up, Mao Yisheng wrote a poem: "The wind and cloud changed suddenly, and the bridge was blown up with tears; The lack of fire in the five elements is really a fire, and the bridge is not restored. This wish was finally realized in 1953.

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