(A) the meaning of words is different
1. Master the part of speech
Content words have different parts of speech and may have the same meaning, but they have different functions in carrying sentence elements and different grammatical features and functions. Only by accurately grasping the part of speech can we use it correctly. For example:
(1) It is difficult to write high-quality works without rich life accumulation, profound artistic foundation and high language and writing accomplishment.
(2) It is an important duty of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) to strengthen legislative work and improve socialism (rule of law).
Discrimination: in the sentence (1), "taste" refers to the level of literary and artistic works and is a noun; "Taste" refers to careful experience, and it is a verb. What can be described by "Gao" can only be a noun. So this sentence should choose "taste".
(2) The "legal system" in the sentence refers to the legal system and is a noun; "Rule of law" refers to the rule of law, which is a verb and cannot be used as the object of "sound". Therefore, the sentence should choose "legal system".
Clarify the concept
Although some notional words have similar meanings, their concepts are different. For example, some notional words are individual concepts and some notional words are collective concepts. Some notional words are abstract concepts, while others are concrete concepts. Only by understanding the conceptual attributes of notional words can we use notional words accurately. For example:
(1) Hundreds of stone lions are carved on the stone fences on both sides of Lugou Bridge. These lions have guarded the bridge in wind, frost, rain and snow for more than 700 years.
(2) Only by (establishing and erecting) a correct outlook on the world and happiness can the realization of one's life value be closely combined with the prosperity of the country and the rejuvenation of the nation.
Discrimination: In the sentence (1), "time" means "year, month and age" and reflects a collection of things. Generally speaking, it can only be modified with broad adjectives, such as "long time", so the sentence (1) should choose "Chunqiu".
(2) "Li" in the sentence is applicable to concrete things, not to abstract things such as "correct world outlook and happiness view", so "Li" should be chosen, which is mostly used for abstract beautiful things.
Step 3 check the meaning of words
Some notional words have similar basic meanings, but different meanings. Such as "contempt", "contempt" and "contempt", their meanings are from light to heavy, so it is necessary to choose appropriate words according to specific contexts and avoid using big words and small words. For example:
Subsidies for new energy sources are an international practice, and China's financial subsidies for new energy sources do not violate WTO rules.
Discrimination: "violation" refers to non-compliance or non-compliance with policies, disciplines, norms and rules, with a light meaning; "Violation" means violation and violation of laws and regulations, which means a lot. According to the context, you should choose "Violation".
4. Judge the size of the word meaning
Generally speaking, different words have different scope of use, and the size of meaning is also a standard to distinguish synonyms. For example:
The Beijing Municipal Government requires relevant units to make detailed plans for urban subway construction during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period.
Discrimination: "planning" belongs to "planning" in classification, but there are two semantic restrictions: first, it is mostly used for long-term, comprehensive and important plans; Second, compared with the general plan, the plan is more comprehensive, three-dimensional and vivid. Based on the above two points, it is more appropriate to choose "planning".
5. Identify the key points of word meaning
Although synonyms have similar meanings, they often have different emphases. When discriminating words, we must grasp this point. For example:
Scientific communication can't have an immediate effect. Anyone who thinks this way is (misinterpreting) science and will inevitably hurt science in the end.
Discrimination: "misunderstanding" and "misinterpretation", the former emphasizes the wrong understanding, while the latter focuses on the wrong interpretation of objective facts or the original intention of others (mostly intentional). Combined with this, it is more appropriate to choose "misinterpretation" in this sentence.
People at different management levels and positions have their own work goals and priorities, no matter how big the work content is. Be sure to aim at _ _ _ _ _, grasp the key points, weigh the trade-offs, and concentrate on _ _ _ _.
The most suitable item to fill in the underlined part is ()
A. Material resources for gap setting
B. differentiated energy
C. Distinguishing financial resources
D. manpower to determine variances
Analyze this topic and choose B. Compare the three words "gap", "difference" and "difference", which can start with comparing "distance", "difference" and "difference". "Distance" refers to distance, and "gap" emphasizes "different degrees between things"; "Don't" and "don't be the same" have different meanings. These two words are synonyms, emphasizing "things are different". Look at "difference" and "difference" again. "Difference" means "difference", "area" means "division", and "difference" emphasizes "understanding and comparing differences between things". In this paper, "no matter how big the work is" emphasizes difference, so A and C can be excluded and B and D can be used. Look again, energy and manpower. Energy includes manpower, material resources and financial resources. So the answer is B.
(2) The colors of the characters are different.
1. Identify the emotional color of words
Emotional colors are generally different from word to word. This is a good way to distinguish. For example:
At this Olympic Games, China athletes performed well and won more than 80 gold medals.
Discrimination: "getting what it means" is a derogatory term, and it is obviously inappropriate to use it here.
Many college students hope to find jobs and develop steadily after graduation, but there are also many people who are unwilling to _ _ _ _. They have a relatively stable family background and working ability, but they are looking for a possibility of life.
The most suitable item to fill in the underlined part is ()
A. step by step B. stick to the rules C. follow the trend D.
The analytical answer is that A, B, C and D are all derogatory terms, and A is a neutral word, but the meaning of "many college students" is not reflected in the text, so A is chosen.
2. Identify the stylistic colors of words
The stylistic colors of notional words are mainly spoken and written. The former is easy to understand and suitable for daily conversation; The latter is elegant and solemn, suitable for formal occasions and theoretical articles. For example:
Today, more than 30 Confucius temples around the world are commemorating the 2556th anniversary of Confucius' birth.
Discrimination: "Birthday" is spoken and "Birthday" is written, so it is more appropriate to choose "Birthday" in this sentence.
Since Zhang Ailing died in her own unique way on the other side of the ocean, Zhang Ailing's research has been in _ _ _ _, and Zhang Ailing's biography, Zhang Ailing's research monograph and Zhang Ailing's commentary collection published in three places across the Taiwan Strait have been published continuously.
The most appropriate part to fill in the horizontal line is ()
A. quietly become a grand view
B. Sweating a lot quietly
C. Sweat quietly
D. quietly become a grand view
Analyze this question and choose A. "Quietly" is a written language and "Quietly" is a spoken word. The content of the article is the death of Zhang Ailing, and it is full of words. Therefore, excluding B and D, it is a grand sight to describe a large collection of books and a grand scene. So choose a.
(3) The collocation of words is different.
1. Pay attention to collocation.
The collocation of notional words includes subject-predicate collocation, verb-object collocation and the collocation of modifiers and headwords, which must be paid attention to in the process of use. In addition, some words have fixed usage and collocation and cannot be mixed. For example:
Most excellent leaders are good at motivating team members.
Discrimination: Pay attention to the collocation of verbs and objects. "Work enthusiasm" can only "stimulate" but not "activate"
To develop and expand the cultural industry, we should not only focus on the market, but also make a fuss about the self-survival ability of cultural production departments to maximize the added value of cultural products; Can't just follow the market, blindly _ _ _ _ low-level market demand, so that those cultural products with low style are popular.
The most suitable item to fill in the underlined part is ()
A. Expanding restrictions
B. Maintain satisfaction
C. improvement and reduction
D. Strengthening catering services
The answer to this question is D. Among the four options, only "improve", "enhance" and "ability" match, so A and B are excluded. And "reduction" is not worthy of "low demand", so choose D.
Determine the goal
Some notional words have specific users, some refer to people, and some refer to things; Some are right, some are right; Some are applicable to superiors and some are applicable to subordinates. For example:
In order to rectify the company's bureaucratic style, the company decided to recruit a group of new scientific and technological personnel as department leaders.
Discrimination: "enable" means "start to use", which is mostly used for things; "Use" refers to "re-appointing retired or dismissed people" or "promoting and appointing new people", which is often used. Considering that the target of this sentence is "new scientific and technological personnel", we should choose "use".