knowledge questionnaire on chronic diseases 1. who knows the knowledge of chronic diseases
chronic diseases refer to diseases that last for a long time, ranging from months to years, or even cannot be cured for life. There are many causes of chronic diseases, but genetic inheritance is the main cause, and the possibility of getting sick is higher than others.
Chronic diseases are different from acute diseases. Acute diseases suddenly appear and last for a short time, often accompanied by infection, which makes the human body change dramatically. However, chronic diseases develop slowly or occasionally, and there is a long remission period between the two episodes. Most of them are degenerative diseases, which damage the structure or function of human tissues.
Chronic diseases may not be cured for a long time, so we must learn to control the symptoms so as to live a healthy life as much as possible. Generally speaking, patients can stay healthy most of the time as long as they adopt a healthy lifestyle, pay attention to diet and nutrition, do more exercise, get enough rest and be less nervous. At the same time, the attitude towards diseases determines whether patients can calmly face chronic diseases. People who are optimistic will actively face diseases and help to maintain their physical and mental health.
2. Who knows the knowledge of chronic diseases
A chronic disease refers to a disease that lasts for a long time, and the onset period is as short as several months, as long as several years, or even can't be cured for life.
There are many causes of chronic diseases, but genetic inheritance is the main cause, and the possibility of chronic diseases is higher than others. Chronic diseases are different from acute diseases. Acute diseases suddenly appear and last for a short time, often accompanied by infection, which makes the human body change dramatically.
However, chronic diseases develop slowly or occasionally, and there is a long remission period between two episodes. Most of them are degenerative diseases, which damage the structure or function of human tissues. Chronic diseases may not be cured for a long time, so we must learn to control the symptoms so as to live a healthy life as much as possible. Generally speaking, patients can stay healthy most of the time as long as they adopt a healthy lifestyle, pay attention to diet and nutrition, do more exercise, have enough rest and be less nervous.
At the same time, the attitude towards diseases determines whether patients can calmly face chronic diseases. People who are optimistic and actively face diseases will help to maintain their physical and mental health.
3. Knowledge of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases
Chronic diseases are not incurable, although compared with other diseases, the pathological manifestations of chronic diseases usually take a long time, but if Zhu can find them in time and handle them properly, it is not impossible to prevent them.
However, due to insufficient understanding of chronic diseases, or other reasons, people always have misunderstandings about the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, thus delaying treatment. Chronic diseases cannot be prevented, and the prevalence rate of people who will have chronic diseases sooner or later is increasing at an alarming rate, which can cause various complications. Now it has become the main factor endangering people's health and life, but chronic diseases are also preventable and treatable.
Pre-medical research has identified some risk factors that may cause chronic diseases, such as heredity, lifestyle, environment, past medical history, occupation, etc. Controlling these risk factors is of positive significance for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. Children don't get chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can occur at any age, and children and adolescents may also get chronic diseases. According to a survey on chronic diseases among adolescents released by Beijing Municipal Health Bureau earlier, the incidence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia among children and adolescents in Beijing shows an obvious upward trend, and the key to these diseases is childhood obesity.
Therefore, it is necessary to prevent childhood obesity and avoid the risk factors of chronic diseases. 3 Chronic disease is a kind of "rich disease". People used to think that chronic disease is a kind of "rich disease", but in fact, according to the survey results, "poor people" are more threatened by chronic diseases than "rich people".
4 Prevention of chronic diseases is a personal matter, and lifestyle is an important factor that causes chronic diseases, so it is really everyone's business to improve unhealthy lifestyle. However, objective factors such as living environment can only be solved by individual strength, which requires the concerted efforts of * * * and the people.
5 Death caused by chronic diseases is inevitable for everyone, but it should not be painful or premature, and many chronic diseases will not directly lead to death, but will reduce the quality of life and make patients increasingly weak.
4. How to manage chronic diseases well
In my opinion, if we want to make chronic disease management unique and lasting appeal, we should not blindly catch up with quantity, let alone ignore quality for fear of affecting performance, but should build each chronic disease file step by step and manage every patient well. In the years of chronic disease management, I summed up several tips that can improve management efficiency. As follows:
1. Issue "physical examination tickets" to improve the timely review rate of patients. It is the key to improve the quality of chronic disease management to review on time and grasp the changes of illness in time. We issue an "electrocardiogram ticket" or a "blood sugar ticket" to each patient who is reexamined on time, and residents can make an electrocardiogram or check their blood sugar free of charge at the community health service station with the ticket.
the physical examination ticket is valid all the year round, and you can check it as you come. You can give it to your family if you can't use it. This measure has reversed people's view that "reexamination" is a simple consultation, improved the appeal to patients with hypertension and diabetes, and the reexamination rate has also been improved.
2. Speak out and improve the regular medication rate. What medicine to prescribe is the right of medical students, but whether to eat or not is completely in the hands of patients. Sometimes "what patients say" is more convincing than "what doctors say".
3. Establish a "patients' club" to make patients more compliant with the doctor's advice. With the increase of patients, in order to better organize patients, we have established a "community patients' club", which organizes activities regularly every month in the form of expert lectures, playing CDs and communicating with patients.
Through activities, not only the health care knowledge of patients is increased, but also the relationship between doctors and patients is strengthened, so that doctors know more about patients, and patients trust doctors more, and the previous simple doctor-patient relationship has become a friend relationship. The establishment of community patients' club has greatly strengthened the relationship between doctors and patients, made patients obey the doctor's advice more, and effectively improved the treatment effect.
4. Encourage patients to participate and improve the effective control rate. Chronic diseases are mostly lifelong diseases. In the long process of management, patients' understanding and cooperation are necessary to improve the management quality. By teaching patients to measure their blood pressure and use salt spoons, we bring patients in and discuss treatment plans and rehabilitation plans together, so that patients can directly participate in the management, treatment and curative effect evaluation of diseases.
By controlling diet, strengthening exercise, giving up smoking and eating less salt, the blood pressure will drop, which makes patients truly feel that science is around them and they are no longer powerless in the face of diseases, so they are full of confidence in overcoming diseases. At the same time, it also makes patients deeply understand the hardship and pleasure of chronic disease management, thus making the whole management process full of vitality and fun.
chronic disease management system is a chronic disease management network system developed and designed for general hospitals and specialized hospitals. It comprehensively introduces the concept of disease management, aiming at the diagnosis and treatment of common chronic diseases and scientific research, helps departments to quickly realize the systematic management of chronic disease medical records, assists doctors and nurses in their daily diagnosis and nursing work, and creates conditions for hospitals to provide diversified diagnosis and treatment services to patients.
5. How to carry out self-examination and prevention of chronic diseases in daily life
For example, an old fellow traveler feels numb in his lower limbs and blurred vision after getting up in the morning, and he usually has high blood pressure. This situation should go directly to the hospital to see the neurology department, and first rule out whether it is a stroke.
People with a family history of "Three High" should pay special attention to whether they have these symptoms in their daily life: sudden numbness or weakness on one side; Difficulty in speaking or understanding; One eye or even both eyes have blurred vision or diplopia; Difficulty walking or losing balance; Dizziness, severe headache, etc. Observe in the details, do a good job of self-inspection and prevention.
In addition, it is necessary to improve one's health literacy and master some basic skills of first aid. When many people suddenly have heart problems, their hearts are uncomfortable, and they will cover their chests and nest their bodies.
In fact, the more you nest, the worse it gets. The correct way is to lie flat on the floor. In addition, don't go to a big hospital with a minor illness. You must choose a suitable hospital and department according to your own condition.
You may wish to consult before seeing a doctor to avoid unnecessary waste.
6. How to carry out the activities of the chronic disease management team
Recording the activities of the chronic disease self-management team
In order to seriously strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and non-communicable diseases, improve the awareness of the members of the chronic disease self-management team on chronic diseases and ensure the health of the masses, this activity plan is specially formulated according to the spirit of the superior document. The details are as follows:
1. Theme of the activity: 2. Purpose of the activity: to enable the members of the self-management team to better master the knowledge of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases
3. Time of the activity: : a.m. on the day of the year; 4. Venue: Village Community Health Service Station;
V. Activities: lectures, consultation, health knowledge and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases; Vi. Participants: members of the self-management team
Health Service Station
Date: Subject: Content:
Signature of the self-management team for chronic diseases
Content: Signature:
Summary of the self-management team for chronic diseases
In order to strengthen the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases, To improve the awareness of the members of the self-management team on chronic diseases and non-communicable diseases, and to ensure the health of the masses, according to the spirit of the superior documents, the activities are summarized as follows:
Activities training was carried out at the community health service station in our village on. The theme is: propagandizing to convey chronic disease management and starting from self.
Through this training, all members of the self-management team and the masses have benefited a lot, and their self-management ability has been improved.
Health Service Station
Year Month Day
7. What diseases do chronic diseases include
1. Abnormal hormone secretion group (1) Hyperhormone secretion group Functional pituitary tumor cells can secrete too much hormone to cause corresponding clinical manifestations.
If too much growth hormone causes acromegaly, too much ACTH causes Cushing's disease with melanosis, and too much prolactin causes galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome and impotence. (II) Hypogonadism group When nonfunctional tumors are enlarged and normal pituitary tissues are destroyed, the secretion of gonadotropin (except for the decrease of dopamine due to the compression of pituitary portal system, which leads to the increase of prolactin) is often reduced, especially the decrease of gonadotropin secretion, which leads to amenorrhea, infertility or impotence, followed by the secondary hypothyroidism caused by insufficient secretion of thyrotropin, and the secondary hypothyroidism caused by insufficient secretion of adrenocorticotropin is rare in clinic.
Sometimes tumors can invade the pituitary stalk and the pituitary portal system, inhibit the portal blood supply, weaken the role of dopamine, a prolactin inhibitor (PIF), and increase prolactin. Women often complain about amenorrhea, infertility and men complain about impotence. About 6%-8% of prolactin in this disease is elevated, and sexual dysfunction is the first symptom.
2. Symptoms of tumor compressing tissues around pituitary gland (1) Nerve fiber headache is the second common symptom, which presents persistent headache, located on forehead, bilateral temporal side, posterior orbit, etc., and may also present paroxysmal aggravation of distension, which is caused by tumor compressing or eroding dura mater or sella diaphragm or pulling nerve fibers of adventitia of blood vessels. (two) patients with optic nerve, optic chiasm and optic nerve bundle compression have decreased vision, visual field defect and fundus changes.
when the tumor develops to the anterior sella, the patients with compression often have vision loss, visual field defect and fundus changes. When the tumor develops upward and frontally outside the sella, it often oppresses the optic nerve, chiasma and/or optic nerve bundle, resulting in bilateral temporal hemianopia, ipsilateral hemianopia or 1/4 visual field defect, etc., and the vision is often reduced, or even left with only light perception, and the optic nerve is pale and atrophied by fundus examination.
(3) Other oppression groups, when tumors invade the hypothalamus frequently, cause hypothalamic syndrome, such as obesity, diabetes insipidus, lethargy, polyphagia, sexual retardation or precocity, especially craniopharyngioma. When the tumor develops to both sides and the back, it can erode the cavernous sinus, resulting in ⅲ, ⅳ and ⅵ cranial nerve compression, eye movement disorder, exophthalmos and other cavernous sinus syndromes; Trigeminal neuralgia or facial numbness may occur when the V nerve is involved.
If the tumor develops downward and destroys the sellar floor and sphenoid sinus, it will often lead to cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and meningitis. In addition to the above two groups, sometimes intratumoral hemorrhage causes severe headache with sudden decrease of anterior pituitary function or acute decrease of vision and visual field or even blindness, which is clinically called pituitary apoplexy.
Mild patients can relieve themselves after a few days, even without obvious symptoms. Severe patients must be rescued and treated as pituitary crisis. Other neurological symptoms and signs: if pituitary adenoma grows backward and presses pituitary stalk or hypothalamus, it can cause polydipsia and polyuria; If the tumor grows sideways and invades the wall of cavernous sinus, oculomotor nerve or abducens nerve paralysis will occur; If the tumor passes through the sellar septum and then grows upward to cause the ventral part of the frontal lobe, sometimes mental symptoms appear; If the tumor grows backward and upward and blocks the anterior part of the third ventricle and the interventricular foramen, there will be symptoms of increased intracranial pressure such as headache and vomiting; If the tumor grows backward, it can compress the brain stem and cause coma, paralysis or denervation.