At present, there are more than 4,000 banks in China, and the products they sell are a little different from other industries. The product of a bank is money. When enterprises are not worried about selling products, the supply of goods becomes a hot commodity. For banks, lack of money means lack of "products" and safety lines.
In 20 18, China's regulatory authorities required banks to have a capital adequacy ratio of 1 1.5%, which means that if a bank has10 billion, it can absorb 87 billion social deposits at most. In terms of lending, the CBRC estimated that the tier-one capital adequacy ratio of banks was 8.5%, that is to say, the core tier-one assets of banks were 654.38+000 billion, and the maximum amount of loans could be 654.38+065.38+076 billion.
If banks want to expand their scale, they must rapidly expand their core assets. 20 18 12, Bank of Ningbo, China Everbright Bank, China CITIC Bank, Industrial Bank, Huaxia Bank, Ping An Bank, Bank of Communications, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and other banks have successively issued financing plans, with accumulated financing exceeding 200 billion, which is basically used to supplement core Tier 1 capital.
Some people say that banks are most short of money in June 5438+February, because banks usually start large-scale financing in June 5438+February. But I don't think so: 65438+the end of February is the time point of the bank's year-end assessment, and the bank has to face the MPA assessment of the regulatory authorities. At the same time, 65438+February is related to the year-end bonus of bank employees, who have sufficient motivation to save money, so this is also the reason why banks feel short of money in 65438+February.
On the contrary, due to a large amount of financing, banks are not so short of money at this time. The month when banks are most short of money should be1-February every year, that is, around the Spring Festival.
Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. During the Spring Festival, people's spending power in China is at its peak, and people spend a lot of money. The first is transportation, and it is hard to get a ticket by plane or train. Followed by various specialties, fireworks and firecrackers; Many enterprises also need to pay wages in advance, issue year-end bonuses and apply for loans to prepare for next year's capital turnover. Therefore, on the eve of the Spring Festival every year, the central bank will increase market liquidity. For example, before the Spring Festival of 20 19, the central bank lowered the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions to replace some medium-term lending facilities. The RRR cut released10.5 trillion yuan to help the market and banks solve liquidity problems.