Ancient Olympic games
In the long history of human development, apart from the ancient social and cultural phenomenon of religion, the Olympic movement can be said to be the oldest social and cultural phenomenon. From the recorded history, the origin of the Olympic Movement can be traced back to 776 BC. But before that, the ancient Olympic Games may have existed for centuries. Olympic Games, referred to as "Olympic Games", is a comprehensive world games sponsored by the International Olympic Committee.
The Olympic Games originated in ancient Greece and got its name because it was held in the Olympic Games. Legend has it that the ancient Olympic Games was founded by Zeus, the king of the gods. The 1 th ancient Olympic Games was held in 776 BC and 293 times in 394 AD. The sports meeting is held every 14 17 days, that is, every four years. Later, people called this cycle the Olympic cycle. With the rise of modern sports, the Greek people hope to restore the ancient Olympic Games. 1859- 1889, Greece held four Olympic Games and made a preliminary attempt. From 1883, Frenchman Coubertin devoted himself to the revival of the ancient Olympic Games. Through the efforts of several generations, the International Olympic Committee was established on June 23rd, 1894. The first Olympic Charter formulated by Coubertin emphasized the amateurism of the Olympic movement, stipulating that only the winners were awarded honorary awards at the Olympic Games, and no money or other material rewards were given to athletes in any form. 1893 April 6 to 13 April 5, the first Olympic Games was held in Athens.
The ancient Olympic Games were basically held every four years, and this cycle was called "Olympiad". According to this cycle, from 776 BC to 394 AD, * * * should be held for 293 sessions; But in fact the number of meetings is much less. However, according to the ancient Olympic Games, one Olympic Games is one, whether it is held or not.
In the early days of the ancient Olympic Games, there were not many events, so the first 22 sessions only lasted for one day. Later, with the increase of incidents, it was extended to two days. From the 37th session, the juvenile competition was added, and the time was extended to 5 days. The first day is the opening ceremony, with sacrificial ceremonies and swearing-in ceremonies, the second, third and fourth days are the specific contents of the competition, and the fifth day is the closing ceremony, with awards and sacrificial activities.
Modern Olympic movement
The development scale and level of the modern Olympic Movement have attracted worldwide attention. The Olympic spirit has been widely spread. People see that Olympism, as a cultural phenomenon, closely links ethnic groups with different skin colors and cultural backgrounds in the form of competition, which has a far-reaching impact on human social activities and human civilization. As a sports phenomenon, the Olympic Games is the most fascinating stage for human beings to explore the limits of physical fitness. Olympic records and medals have become lofty goals pursued by athletes, and the Olympic movement has become a global activity with great attraction, penetration and cohesion in many participating countries and regions.
From 65438 to 0893, at the suggestion of Coubertin, the father of the Olympic Games, an international sports conference was held in Paris to discuss the revival of the Olympic Games. 1894 1 month, Coubertin drew up the concrete steps to revive the Olympic Games and 10 issues to be discussed, and wrote to sports organizations and groups in various countries. 16 June, the "International Sports Congress" opened in Sorbonne Theological Seminary in Paris, with 79 delegates representing 49 sports organizations in 2 countries. 2000 people attended the opening ceremony. The General Assembly adopted the resolution of "Reviving the Olympic Movement". On June 23rd, the International Olympic Committee was established. The establishment of the International Olympic Committee marks the birth of the Olympic Movement.
When the first modern Olympic Games was held, there were few international individual sports organizations and there were no strict regulations on Olympic events, which were basically decided by the host country. Therefore, in previous Olympic Games, not only individual events changed greatly, but also major events were unstable. Some events that are not widely developed in the world are listed, such as polo, lacrosse, steamboat and squash. With the establishment of various international individual sports organizations, Olympic events have gradually stabilized.
In order to make the Olympic Games conform to the development of world sports, the International Olympic Committee stipulates that each summer Olympic Games must include at least the following 15 sports before it can be held. 1963, the international Olympic Committee determined the competition order of these major events in the summer Olympic Games as follows: track and field, swimming, wrestling, gymnastics, weightlifting, hockey, equestrian, fencing, rowing, boxing, shooting, modern pentathlon, sailing, basketball, kayaking, cycling, football, volleyball, archery, handball and judo.
From 1972 to 1984, the Olympic Games are fixed at 2 1. The 24th Olympic Games made a historic breakthrough, adding two major events, table tennis and tennis, which increased the number of major events to 23 and single events to 237 in the Summer Olympic Games, including men's 1, 5 1, women's 72 and mixed events 14.
At present, the Olympic Games include track and field, swimming (including diving, water polo and synchronized swimming), shooting, weightlifting, cycling, archery, basketball, volleyball, football, handball, hockey, gymnastics (including rhythmic gymnastics), fencing, international wrestling (freestyle and classical), boxing, judo, rowing and kayaking.
The examination and approval conditions for inclusion in the official Olympic events are as follows: the men's events of the Summer Olympic Games should be widely carried out in at least 75 countries on 4 continents, and the women's events should be widely carried out in at least 40 countries on 3 continents.
After 100 years of tortuous development since the birth of modern Olympic Games, it has become an important activity in today's international life. Today, the Olympic movement is almost all over the world. The Olympic Games has become a high-level comprehensive sports meeting that attracts worldwide attention. The Olympic motto "Faster, Higher and Stronger" has become a resounding slogan in the world sports world.