1. Topdressing nitrogen fertilizer: After maize heading, the effect of basal fertilizer applied in most plots has been basically exhausted. In order to ensure filling and grain fullness, effective nitrogen fertilizer must be supplied to prevent premature senescence of maize and increase 1000-grain weight.
2. Appropriate application of medium and trace element fertilizers: In the growth and development of maize, not only the supply of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is needed, but also the synergistic effect of medium and trace element fertilizers is needed. For example, spraying foliar silicon fertilizer with cadmium reducing agent from jointing stage to filling stage can promote corn growth, increase corn yield, improve lodging resistance and provide guarantee for high yield of corn.
3. Too little water and too much fertilizer: It is the key to ensure high yield and bumper harvest to water the corn at the filling stage, but too much nitrogen fertilizer must not be put into it, otherwise it will easily lead to the corn being greedy for green and late maturing, which will affect the yield.
Second, strengthen on-site management
1. Tillage preparation: Lodging in the middle and late stage of maize is the main factor limiting the high yield of maize. A shallow intertillage should be done at the later stage of grain filling to loosen the soil, ventilate and ventilate, to prevent grass from lodging, to facilitate nutrient decomposition, to promote root absorption, to prevent premature senescence of leaves and to increase yield. After spraying foliar silicon fertilizer, the stalks of crops are straight and the lodging resistance is improved.
2. Alternating emasculation: removing one male flower every two plants or one male flower every two rows can improve the cross-pollination rate and increase the yield by about 5% ~ 10%, which is an important measure to increase the yield. Generally, interval emasculation is better than staggered emasculation, because interval emasculation makes all emasculated plants not emasculate, which increases pollination opportunities; In addition, plants in the field cannot be emasculated, so as not to affect pollination.
3. The whole field is emasculated: the male flowers of corn are covered with pollen, and the pollen is completely dispersed after 15 days, and then the male flowers are picked from the stems and thrown out of the field to reduce the competition for resources.
4. Pulling out the empty stalks: Due to the variety characteristics or too dense seedlings, some maize rhizosphere grows 1 ~ 2 tillers, but no stalks can grow. These empty stalks and tillers should be removed to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field, reduce fertilizer consumption, facilitate the normal growth and development of plants, and promote the formation of big ears and big grains.
5. Make full use of sunlight: The main goal of grain filling stage is to protect roots and leaves, prevent premature senescence of leaves, and promote high yield of grain number and grain weight per ear of maize. Appropriate late harvest of corn is a simple and easy technology to increase production without increasing cost. At the same time, spraying Jiediling foliar silicon fertilizer can silicify corn epidermal cells, make corn stems and leaves straight, reduce shading and enhance photosynthesis of leaves.
6. Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases: The main pests and diseases during corn filling stage are leaf spot, Curvularia leaf spot, brown spot, rust, third-generation corn borer, aphid, armyworm and so on. After spraying foliar silicon fertilizer on corn to absorb silicon, silicified cells are formed in the body, the cell wall on the surface of stem and leaf is thickened, and the cuticle is increased, thus improving the ability to control pests and diseases.
7. Timely harvest: Only timely harvest can achieve high yield and bumper harvest. Harvest in time, generally when the bracts of corn are dry and loose, the seeds are hard and shiny, the milk line disappears, and a layer of black appears at the base, it is a complete maturity. General varieties will not reach the standard until September 25, that is, 45-50 days after maturity. At this time, the harvest yield is the highest.
I hope I can help you ~