Seek 1945 the plot of Berlin's defense war.

The fall of Berlin

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[/URL] Battle of Berlin

[[url=/view/552668.htm？ Fr=ala0_ 1_ 1#] Edit this paragraph [/url]] Summarize the last strategic offensive campaign of the Soviet Union during the Soviet-German War in World War II 1945 from April 6 to May 8. The Soviet army * * * concentrated 2.5 million troops in Belarusian 1 and 2 armies and Ukrainian 1 62 divisions, with 7,500 planes, 42,000 artillery pieces, 6,250 tanks and 6,250 self-propelled artillery pieces. The enemies face to face were the German army group of Visva and the central army group. The campaign was launched on April 6th 1945, and successively broke through the defense lines of Oder River and Nice River. On the 25th, Berlin was surrounded again. During the Berlin storm, the Soviet army made multiple assaults on the center. After fierce street fighting, it broke into the central area of Berlin on April 27 and began to storm the parliament building on April 29. On the 30th, Hitler committed suicide in the basement of the Chancellery. On May 2nd, the commander of Berlin garrison, General H. Weiderling, came to surrender. On the 8th, Marshal W. keitel, the representative of German High Command, signed an unconditional surrender letter to the Soviet Union and Allied Expeditionary Force in Berlin. In the whole campaign, the Soviet army annihilated 93 German divisions, with nearly 6.5438+0.0000 Germans, including about 480000 officers and men, 8600 artillery pieces, more than 654.38+0.500 tanks and self-propelled artillery pieces, and more than 4500 aircraft. There were 304,000 Soviet casualties, 2 tanks and self-propelled artillery, 2 156 guns, 0/220 artillery and 527 aircraft. The end of the battle of Berlin marked the end of fascist Germany, the Soviet-German war and the European war.

[[url=/view/552668.htm？ Fr=ala0_ 1_ 1#] Edit this paragraph [/URL]]1After the spring of 945, the armies of the Soviet Union, the United States, Britain and France all fought in Germany. The Soviets are only 60 kilometers away from Berlin, ready to give the Germans a final devastating blow. The vanguard troops of the United States and Britain have reached the Elbe River, which is 0/00-120km away from the German capital. In mid-April, the Leningrad Army (commander is Soviet Marshal Ge Volov) is fighting the German Kurland Group; The third party of Belarus (commander is General Baglamiyan) wiped out the East Prussia Group (see the Battle of East Prussia); The Second Army of Belarus wiped out the remnants of the German group in Gdynia, and one of its troops went out to the Baltic coast in front of the northwest of Danzig (Gdansk); Belarusian 1 Army arrived at Oder River, occupied several landing points in Qustirling area, and began to change its deployment after smashing the German Pomeranian Group's occupation of the Schwedt-Gastroze line. Ukrainian 1 Army approached the Nice River between Grand Gazze and Penzig, and approached Neustadt and Ratibor on the Czechoslovak border. Ukraine's 4th Army (commander is General of Yeliomian University of Science and Technology) arrived in Ratibor and Lilly, and Ukraine's 3rd Army (commander is Marshal tolbukhin of the Soviet Union) and 2nd Army (commander is Marshal Malinowski of the Soviet Union) captured Vienna on April 13 (see the Battle of Vienna).

At this point, the German main force is still focused on dealing with the Soviets. By April of 16, 2 14 divisions (including 34 tank divisions and 15 motorized divisions) and 14 brigades were fighting in the Soviet-German battlefield. At that time, there were only 60 poorly equipped German divisions, including 5 tank divisions, and there were only about 200 tanks. Defending the direction of Berlin is the "Weiswa" army group under the command of General G Heinrich (the 3rd and 9th tanks), and the 4th tanks army group and17th army group under the command of Marshal Kallner (a total of 48 infantry divisions, 9 motorized divisions, 6 tank divisions, and many other troops and regiments, * * * about 65,438+. The Army Headquarters Reserve has eight divisions. In addition, Berlin has set up more than 200 national commando battalions with a total garrison of more than 200,000. The German defense in the direction of Berlin is heavily fortified in depth, including the Oder-Nice River area and the Berlin defense area: the Oder-Nice River area will build three defense areas with a depth of 20-40 kilometers; Berlin's defense zone includes outer layer, inner layer and urban area. Before the Qustirling landing site and in the direction of Cottbus, the fortifications were particularly strong, and the strongest military groups were concentrated here. There are 1 division every 3 kilometers in front of Qustirling landing site, and there are 60 guns and 1 7 tanks every1kilometer. The German high command took various measures to prevent the Soviet occupation of Berlin. The Allies also want to capture Berlin, although the major powers of the anti-Hitler alliance have reached an agreement that Berlin should be designated as a Soviet war zone. The political and military leaders of Britain and the United States were anxious for their troops to invade Berlin before the Soviet Union. However, the British and American troops could not complete this task, so the Allied High Command abandoned this action plan.

When preparing for the last battle against the Germans-storming Berlin, the Soviet high command strictly followed the policy of forcing Germany to surrender unconditionally politically, militarily and economically, which was unanimously agreed and announced by the countries of the anti-Hitler Coalition. Participating in the Berlin campaign were: Belarusian ArmyNo. 1 and No.2, Ukrainian ArmyNo. 1, a Baltic Fleet (under the command of Admiral Tributs), Air Force Long-range AviationNo. 18 (with 800 aircraft under the command of Air Force Commander Golovanoff), National Air Defense Force and Dnieper Fleet. In addition, there are Polish army groups 1 and 2. The Soviet * * * group owns 162 infantry divisions and cavalry divisions, 2 1 tanks and mechanized armies, 4 air force group armies, 2.5 million people, about 42,000 guns and pursuit guns, more than 6,250 tanks and self-propelled guns, and 7,500 combat aircraft. This has created several times the advantages of the Germans: 1.5 times the personnel, 3 times the artillery, 3.65,438+0 times the tanks and self-propelled artillery, and 1.3 times the aircraft. The main assault direction of each army has greater advantages than that of the German army. The purpose of the Berlin campaign was to crush the German group defending Berlin, capture the German capital Berlin, and make the Soviet troops leave the Elbe River to join forces with the Allies before the end of the campaign. The campaign attempted to stipulate that several violent assaults should be carried out on a broad front to encircle the Berlin Group, and at the same time, it should be divided and eliminated one by one. The base camp of the Soviet High Command paid special attention to the time factor, demanding that the campaign be carried out at a high speed and ended within 12- 15. The commanders of various armies made up their minds according to the attempt of the base camp. The Belarusian 1 Army (commanded by Soviet Marshal zhukov) was ordered to carry out a major assault from the Qustirling landing site together with the troops of the 47th Army (commanded by Major General Perkhorovich), the 3rd Army (commanded by General Kuznetsov), the 5th Army (commanded by General Berzarin) and the 8th Army (commanded by General Cui Kefu). On the first day of the campaign, we broke through the first and second defense zones to ensure that the No.1 1 Army of the Guards Tank (strengthened by the No.1 1 1 Army of the Tank, with the commander of General katukov Tank) and the No.2 Army of the Guards Tank (with the commander of Major General Radziyevsky) entered the battle (after the joint forces of various arms and services captured the support point of Chero Highland). On the sixth day of the campaign, the main army group wanted to capture Berlin, and then the ninth military affairs of tanks under the jurisdiction of the third army raided the area west of Berlin on the eighth day and night; The 47th Army left the Elbe River before 1 1 day. The troops of 6 1 Army (commander is General belov) and Polish 1 Army are in the north of Kustirling, while the troops of 69th Army (commander is General Kolpakchi), 33rd Army (commander is General Tsvetayev) and 2nd Guards Army are in the south of Kustirling respectively. The 3rd Army (commander is General Gorbachev) is the second echelon of the Army. 7 th guard cavalry as a reserve. Infantry and tanks should use the night before dawn of 1.5-2 hours to launch an attack 30 minutes after the artillery is ready. In order to illuminate the ground during impact, * * * prepared 140 searchlights.

The Soviet army planned to attack Berlin in three ways: the Belarusian 1 Army under the command of Marshal zhukov, as the most powerful group and the vanguard of the attack, broke through the defense lines on the east and west sides of the Oder River and several nearby areas and attacked from the east. Under the command of Marshal konev, the Ukrainian 1 Army went out to the south of the east bank of the Nice River until it reached the foot of the Sude Mountain and attacked from the south. The Second Belarusian Army under the command of Marshal rokossovsky advanced to the lower reaches of the Oder River and attacked from the north.

March on Berlin

16 at 5 am on April 6th, zhukov gave the order to attack. Soviet shells roared and poured on German defensive positions. The bombers roared and dropped a large number of bombs on the German heads, and the whole earth trembled horribly. Twenty minutes later, 140 searchlights all lit up at the same time, illuminating the German position. German soldiers were dazzled, and the Soviets took the opportunity to rush to each other's positions. Soon, zhukov's Belarusian 1 Army broke through the first German defense zone outside Berlin. At the same time, the Ukrainian 1 Army in southern konev also launched an attack on the Nice River on the morning of April 16, and quickly crossed the Nice River.

Zhukov's Belarusian 1 Army broke through the first German defense zone and arrived at the second German defense zone at noon that day. However, when the Soviets advanced to the Zelov Highland, the hub of the defense zone, they were stubbornly resisted by the Germans. With favorable terrain, the Germans stubbornly guarded every trench and foxhole, which caused great harm to the Soviet Union. Zhukov constantly increased its assault force and put two tanks into battle, but several attacks were repelled by the Germans. On the morning of April 17, zhukov concentrated almost all the artillery fire of the whole army. After the heavy artillery firepower was ready, nearly a thousand tanks marched forward. The first group of tanks was hit and caught fire, and the latter pushed it forward. Soviet soldiers shouted slogans and rushed forward, falling in front and rushing up behind. At this point, several German divisions defending the highlands were already scarred, and finally they could not resist the impact of the Soviet frenzy and began to retreat in the direction of Berlin. On the morning of April 18, the Soviet army finally captured the Zelov Highland, annihilated nearly 30,000 defenders and continued to advance to Berlin. On the morning of 20th, the Third Commando, the vanguard of the Belarusian First 1 Army, led by General Kuznetsov, arrived in the suburbs of Berlin, bringing the whole city of Berlin into the range of its howitzers and cannons. On the afternoon of 20th 1: 30, the Soviet ground artillery group shelled Berlin for the first time.

Ukrainian 1 troops in southern konev crossed the Nice River, broke through the German defense zone on the Nice River, and then crossed the Spree River for 30 kilometers. When zhukov's troops were blocked in Zelov Highland, all the tanks of Ukrainian 1 Army first attacked Berlin from the south. By the night of April 20th, the 3rd Tank Corps had invaded the southern suburbs of Berlin, and the 4th Tank Corps had also invaded the southwestern suburbs of Berlin. On April 18, the Belarusian Second Army in northern rokossovsky attacked, and on April 19, it crossed the East Oder River, containing the forces of the German "Weiswa Army Group" in northern Berlin.

At this point, the German defense system on the Oder-Nice River was broken by the Soviets, who rushed forward day and night and began to surround Berlin. On April 24th, the left-wing troops of Belarus 1 Army joined forces with Ukrainian 1 Army in the southeast of Berlin, cutting off the connection between the Ninth German Army and Berlin and surrounding the Germans. On April 25th, the troops of Belarus 1 Army bypassed Berlin from the north and joined the 4th Tank Army of Ukraine 1 Army in the west of Berlin, thus completing the siege of Berlin. The German group in the area north of Berlin was also attacked by the Second Belarusian Army and the right-wing forces of Belarus 1 Army, and the situation was very difficult. On the same day, the 5th Guards Army belonging to the Ukrainian 1 Army marched westward to the Elbe River and joined forces with the American 1 Army on the western line of Tolgoi.

Urban fierce battle

In view of the fact that the Soviet army had arrived at the gates of Berlin, Hitler decided to evacuate the German high command from Berlin, and he himself left "Surviving with Berlin". He ordered all staff officers and civilian personnel of military organs to take part in the battle without exception, and decided to execute the commander who stood still within five hours, and not only the retreating officers and men, but also hung signs on them such as "deserter", "coward" and "He betrayed the country and defiled the German nation".

At 3: 00 pm on April 20th, the long-range artillery of the 79th Army of the 3rd Assault Group Army in Belarus 1 Army was first fired at Berlin. After nearly a day of fighting, the German defence near Berlin was broken. The German wehrmacht suffered heavy losses and was extremely tired in the previous battles, and could not stop the powerful assault of the dominant Soviet Red Army.

On April 2 1 day, the 2nd Tank Army and the 47th Guards Army breached the Berlin Gate. Due to the narrow roads, the Soviet army adjusted its tactics, coordinated the tank army and the joint forces of various services and arms, and prepared to destroy the remnants of the enemy. On the same day, Ukrainian 1 Army tanks also approached the Berlin defense circle. Konev strengthened the 1st 10 Army, 25th Assault Division and 23rd Anti-aircraft Gun Division to the 3rd Guards Tank Army as air cover to annihilate the 2nd Aviation Army. On the same day, the Soviet army transferred large-caliber fortress guns from the rear to destroy German strongholds, each weighing 500 kilograms. In the battle of 13 days, the fortress gun fired about10.8 million shells, and the battle reached an unprecedented level.

In the early morning of April 26th, thousands of Soviet planes dropped thousands of tons of bombs and petrol bombs over Berlin again. Nearly a thousand guns have been deployed on the ground every mile, and Berlin has suddenly become a dark world. After the bombing and shooting, the Belarusian 1 Army stationed in zhukov sent numerous assault groups and assault teams and rushed into the city from all directions. Because of Stalingrad's experience, Soviet soldiers knew how to occupy a city. Before the attack, the Soviets first bombed the target area with artillery and planes. Under the cover of tanks and engineers equipped with flamethrowers and blasting equipment, the infantry advanced in small pieces, infiltrated from backyards, basements and even underground railways and sewers, and captured every street and building. But Berlin is a city carefully fortified by the Germans, with a complete defense system and very strong fortifications. The closer to the city center, the harder it is for the Soviets to advance. Strong buildings, hidden basements, underground railways, drainage ditches, etc. All of them provided a support point for the German army to advance firepower. Therefore, the Soviets had to fight for buildings one by one, walking through the streets one by one, and every step forward had to pay a great price.

At this time, Hitler was still having unrealistic fantasies. He said to Berlin garrison commander Weiderling, "Things will get better. Our ninth army is about to arrive in Berlin, and together with the 12 army, it will carry out a counterattack against the enemy, and the Russian army will suffer the worst defeat in Berlin. " The German generals who always "reported good news but not bad news" to Hitler made their heads of state fail to understand that the Ninth Army commanded by General Busch was deployed in the southeast of Berlin, surrounded by several Soviet divisions and could not move to Berlin. The 12 army defending the Elbe River in the southwest of Berlin, led by General Wenk, tried to get close to Berlin. However, due to the containment of the US military and the sniper of the Soviet Union, it was impossible to move forward after entering Fitch. Hitler, who was almost isolated from the world, stayed in the underground bunker of the Prime Minister's Office and did not know the above situation. He still keeps sending out wireless telegrams with his signature and sending troops. In fact, some generals no longer resolutely carry out his orders.

On April 27th, the Soviets had invaded District 9, Berlin, and keitel sent a telegram telling the truth to Berlin. The telegram admitted that 12 Army could not advance and 9 Army could not break through. Hitler's last hope was dashed. Weiderling, commander of the Berlin garrison, put forward Hitler's plan to break through the capital, and guaranteed that "the Fuehrer would leave Berlin safely". He also reported that ammunition was only enough for two days and nights, and food and medicine were running out. General krebs, Chief of Staff of the Army, supported Weiderling's breakthrough proposal and thought that this plan was possible from a military point of view. However, Hitler realized that he had completely lost the war he started and refused to leave Berlin. He wants to stay here until the last moment of his life.

On April 28th, the Third Commando Army and the Eighth Guards of Belarus 1 Army advanced to the Tier Garden area in Berlin, which was the last support point of the defenders in Berlin. Because there are the highest-level organs symbolizing the power of the Third Reich, such as government offices, parliament buildings and high command, garrison headquarters in Berlin deployed the most elite SS troops here. The 8th Guards under the command of General Cui Kefu first attacked this position. In the afternoon, it crossed the Randviir Canal, occupied the communication hub of Germany and cut off the main communication links between Berlin and the outside world. In the middle of the night, under the command of General Kuznetsov, the 3rd Army stormed the Ministry of Internal Affairs building outside the Parliament Building. The Germans made desperate but tenacious resistance, and the fighting continued until the night of the 29th. Almost all the enemy troops on the defensive were killed and the building was captured by the Soviets.

On the morning of 29th 1, Hitler announced that he would hold a wedding with eva braun who had been waiting for him for 12 years. After the wedding, Hitler dictated his will and appointed Admiral of the fleet Deng Nici as his successor. He decided to commit suicide and hoped that the couple's remains could be cremated in the Prime Minister's Office. At 3: 30 pm on the 30th, Hitler and his wife, who had been married for only one day, both committed suicide by taking poison in the bedroom of the underground bunker. Moreover, while taking poison, Hitler also pulled the trigger on his temple with a gun. Then, Goebbels and others carried the bodies of Hitler and Eva to a crater in the garden of the Prime Minister's Office and poured gasoline for cremation.

At 2 1: 50 on April 30th, Soviet soldiers planted the red flag of victory on the dome of the Parliament Building in Berlin.

The battle for Soviet troops to capture the Parliament Building is still fierce, and the Third Assault Group Army 150 Infantry Division is the closest unit to the Parliament Building. At 6 pm on the 30th, Soviet soldiers attacked the building again. Nearly2,000 Germans entrenched here are worthy of being the "guardians" of the Third Reich. Their tenacious resistance made the Soviet army pay a heavy price for every step forward. In a bloody battle, even if the Soviet army occupied the floor below the building, the Germans guarding the building refused to surrender, so the Soviet army had to fight the defensive enemy layer by layer, and fierce battles were going on in every corner of the building. Relying on the powerful forces pouring into the building, the Soviet army crushed the resistance of the enemy defenders one by one. At 2 1: 50, Soviet heroes Sergeant Mikhail Yegorov and Corporal Meltan Kantariya planted the Soviet red flag on the dome of the main building of the Parliament Building.

Late at night on the 30th, the Germans radioed for a temporary ceasefire and demanded negotiations with the Soviets. At 3: 55 a.m. on May 1, General Klebers, Chief of General Staff of the German Army, ran out of the underground air-raid shelter of the Imperial Office with a white flag and went to the front command post of the 8th Wei Army for negotiations. Krebs said to Cui Kefu, "I want to tell you something absolutely confidential. You are the first foreigner I informed. Hitler committed suicide yesterday. " Krebs asked the Soviet Union to call a truce first, and then negotiate after the German government was formed. Cui Kefu immediately reported the situation to zhukov by telephone. 10 minutes later, Stalin sent the highest order from Moscow: "The Germans can only surrender unconditionally, without any negotiations, without negotiations with krebs or any other fascists." At 9: 45, according to Stalin's instructions, zhukov, on behalf of the Soviet army, issued an ultimatum to the German army in Berlin: the German army must surrender completely, otherwise the Soviet army will carry out the final storm on the German army at 10: 40. Cui Kefu Jankler Bos brought the ultimatum back to Goebbels and others. After seeing the ultimatum, Goebbels knew that there was no room for bargaining, and he committed suicide that night with his wife and six children.

At 7 o'clock on May 2, General Weiderling, commander of the German Berlin Yugoslav capital, went to the frontier command post in Cui Kefu and signed the surrender order. By noon, the remaining 6.5438+500,000 defenders in Berlin had all surrendered. At this point, the last decisive battle of the Soviet-German war-the Battle of Berlin ended. In this campaign, the Soviets annihilated 6.5438+0.000 Germans, captured more than 480,000 people, destroyed and captured more than 6.5438+0.2 million tanks, more than 6,000 self-propelled guns, and destroyed and captured 23,000 guns. The Soviets also paid the price of 300,000 casualties.

1945 On May 9th, entrusted by Hitler's successor Deng Nici, the German high command, on behalf of Marshal keitel, Admiral Stump Pfeiffer and Admiral Fredborg, formally signed the unconditional surrender letter to the Soviet Union and its allies in the canteen of the Berlin Institute of Military Engineering. Three months later, with the defeat and surrender of Japan, the Second World War ended in the complete victory of the allied forces.

The fall of Berlin

1on April 6, 945, the Soviet army launched the Berlin campaign to end the European war as soon as possible. After nearly 20 days of fierce fighting, the Soviet army defeated the German army of 6.5438+0 million and occupied Berlin. Hitler was forced to commit suicide, and so was the war of fascist Germany. Hitler committed suicide. At the same time, the Soviet army encountered unexpected resistance when attacking the parliament building. The nearly 2,000 Germans entrenched here were the last major battle of the Third Reich in Europe during World War II. After the Soviet army paid a huge price to enter Berlin, at 3: 30 pm on the 30 th, there was no sign of the "Kingsguard", which made the Soviet army pay a heavy price for every step forward. There is a fierce battle in any corner of the building. Relying on the powerful forces pouring into the building, the Soviet army crushed the resistance of the enemy defenders one by one. At 2 1: 50, the Soviet army inserted the red flag of victory in the circle of the main building of the parliament building. At 7 o'clock on May 2, General Weiderling, commander of the German Berlin Yugoslav capital, went to the frontier command post in zhukov and signed the surrender order. By noon, all defenders in Berlin had surrendered. At this point, the last decisive battle of the Soviet-German war-the Battle of Berlin ended. In this campaign, the Soviets captured 380,000 Germans, and the Soviets also paid the price of 300,000 casualties.

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The movie "Conquering Berlin" 1949 [/b]

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[/url] mbth: The Battle of Berlin

More Chinese titles: Conquering Berlin Part 1

More foreign books:

Pudney ye Berlin na

The Fall of Berlin, Part I ... [/i]

The fall of Berlin

Director: Mikheil Chiaureli

Screenwriter:

Mikheil Chiaureli

Peter Pavlenko

Starring:

Mikheil Gelovani [I] ... Marshal Joseph Stalin.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Zavili Yev [i] ... Adolf Hitler.

Boris Andreyev Andrey YevgBoris [I] ... Alexei Ivanov.

Film genre: plot/war

Country/Region: Soviet Union

Dialogue language: Russian

Color: color

Mixed: mono

Level: Finland: K- 16/ Sweden: 15.

Shooting format: 35mm

Print format: 35 mm

Plot:

The last battlefield of anti-fascism.

The film describes that in the late period of the Soviet Patriotic War, the Red Army defeated the fascist defenders in Berlin through tenacious fighting, captured Hitler's lair Berlin in one fell swoop, and won the final victory of the anti-fascist patriotic war.

194 1 year, the Germans occupied the hometown of steel worker Ivanov and took his lover Natasha. Ivanov, who was once received by Stalin, joined the Red Army and took to the battlefield. ...

The film begins with an ordinary character tempered by war. 194 1 year, the Germans occupied the hometown of steel worker Ivanov and took his lover Natasha. Ivanov joined the Red Army and went to war. From then on, the film described the panorama of the Soviet Red Army's patriotic war and Stalin's tall image on a large scale and with great momentum.

Behind the scenes production:

This film, together with the later films The Battle of Moscow and The Battle of Stalingrad, is called the "Liberation Trilogy". The film is divided into two episodes, mobilizing abundant funds and a large number of troops in the name of the country, and the scene is extremely spectacular. Director Zia ·URI was originally a Georgian sculptor. He inherited the rigorous experiential film theory created by Russian predecessors, and at the same time properly showed the beautiful side of human nature. The style not only has the unrestrained enthusiasm of praising heroes, but also presents the simple techniques of medieval folk artists similar to the original painters. Of course, the film bears the brand of Soviet ideology and can be regarded as the Soviet view of World War II. The image of Hitler created in the film was the first time in Chinese mainland at that time, and its wild, arrogant, crazy and hysterical performance left the deepest memory impression on that generation. The music of this film was written by Shostakovich.

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The conquest of Berlin Part II 1949

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[/url] Foreign Title: The Fall of Berlin, Part II [I] ... [/I]

Director: Mikheil Chiaureli

Screenwriter:

Mikheil Chiaureli

Peter Pavlenko

Starring:

Mikheil Gelovani [I] ... lost Stalin.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Zavili Yev [i] ... Adolf Hitler.