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Is the serial signal the same as the 232 signal? What is the difference?
There are two types of usb to serial port.

One is USB to TTL, also called serial port.

The other is USB to 232.

The difference between them is that the logic 1 (high level) voltage of RS232 signal is-15v, and the logic 0 (low level) voltage is+15v.

The voltage of TTL is 0v-5v, so the two interfaces are incompatible, and a level conversion chip like max232 is needed.

Generally, single chip microcomputer uses TTL serial port.

Industrial computer using 9-pin serial port is RS232 signal.

The simplest way to distinguish USB from 9-pin serial port is RS232 signal.