1, answer the need of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's value essence.
Socialism has undergone a great transformation from utopian socialism to scientific socialism in its development and evolution. Utopian socialism originated from the book Utopia written by Thomas Moore in England in16th century, and reached its peak in 1930s and 40s in19th century. Its representative figures are Saint-Simon, Fourier and Owen in Britain. Utopian socialism, as a social ideological trend and social ideal, has its own value orientation and pursuit since its birth, which is mainly manifested in the pursuit of an ideal society without private ownership, exploitation, equality, happiness and distribution according to needs. Utopian socialists, on the basis of criticizing the capitalist society and its value, explained the value ideal of the future socialist society. On the basis of criticizing and inheriting the rational components of utopian socialism, Marx and Engels made a thorough and meticulous study of the history of human society and capitalist society by using the logical method of dialectical materialism, and pointed out the law that capitalism is bound to perish and socialism is bound to win, thus establishing scientific socialism. According to Marx and Engels' vision, the future society will eliminate the opposition and differences between classes, between urban and rural areas, between mental work and manual work on the basis of breaking down the worn-out state machine and eliminating private ownership, greatly mobilize the enthusiasm of all workers, greatly enrich social material wealth, greatly improve people's spiritual realm, implement each according to his ability, realize everyone's free and all-round development, and form harmony between people and nature. As the Producers' Party Manifesto said, "instead of the old bourgeois society with class and class opposition, there will be such a consortium, in which the free development of everyone is the condition for the free development of all people". Engels clearly pointed out in "The Development of Socialism from Utopia to Science" that socialism "is a leap from the realm of necessity to the realm of freedom." "Man eventually becomes the master of his own social combination, thus becoming the master of nature and his own master-a free man." Therefore, scientific socialism, "no matter from a theory, a movement or a system, means a fundamental value closely related to the survival, development and liberation of the proletariat and the broad masses of the people." In the ideological and theoretical system of scientific socialism, Marx and Engels regard "human liberation" and "human free development" as the ultimate value pursuit goal, and make a preliminary discussion and explanation on the guiding ideology, system guarantee and main ways to realize this goal. In these discussions and explanations, although Marx and Engels did not explicitly discuss the socialist value system and values, their theoretical discussions and explanations outlined the blueprint of the socialist value system and values, such as seeking welfare for the vast majority of people, realizing social justice and equality, and free and all-round development of people. This fundamentally establishes that the essence of socialist value is different from that of any previous social ruling class. Lenin inherited and developed Marxism, successfully combined Marxist theory with a country's practice, became a pioneer in transforming the scientificity and value of scientific socialism into a certain reality, and established the first socialist country and socialist system in human history. In a complex and difficult environment, Lenin explored how to build socialism in Soviet Russia on the basis of drawing lessons from wartime policies, and formed ideas such as attaching importance to commodity economy and market, establishing a new democratic system, people managing society independently, and cultivating a new generation of industrialists, which opened up new ideas for backward countries to adhere to principles and values and unify historical views and values. [Fang: Introduction to Socialist Core Values, Marxist Studies,No. 12,No. 13, 20 10. The Soviet socialist model established by Stalin, Lenin's successor, established Marxism–Leninism's absolute guiding position in the ideological field and established brand-new socialist core values. The socialist core values of the Soviet Union are embodied in the concepts of public ownership, planning, from each according to his ability, distribution according to work, dictatorship of the proletariat, democratic centralism, party leadership, collectivism, productism and internationalism, which have a great influence on other socialist countries.
China * * * Production Party is a proletarian party established according to Marxism–Leninism's guiding ideology. In the process of leading the China revolution, China * * * Production Party, on the basis of summing up practical experience and lessons, successfully realized the first combination of Marxism and China's revolutionary practice, formed Mao Zedong Thought, won the victory of the new democratic revolution and gave birth to the new China. In the long and arduous revolutionary course, the China * * Production Party, guided by Marxism and based on the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation, has formed the purpose of building the party for the public, governing for the people and serving the people wholeheartedly, taking socialist values as the mainstream values in a clear-cut manner, educating the broad masses of party member cadres and popularizing them to the broad masses of the people. After the founding of New China, under the leadership of the China Producer Party, the people of China began to transition from a new democratic society to a socialist society, and established a socialist system through socialist transformation, realizing the most profound social change in the history of the Chinese nation. The socialist system established in China adheres to the guidance of Marxism–Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, and takes the national system of people's democratic dictatorship and the people's congress system as the political system, thus fully and thoroughly realizing the right of the broad masses of people to be masters of their own affairs. Starting from 1956, China * * * Production Party began to explore China's own road of socialist construction, and set off the climax of large-scale socialist construction from economic, political, cultural, medical and health, education and other aspects, and comprehensively improved the living standards of the broad masses of the people. In this process, China * * * Production Party set off the climax of socialist construction of the whole nation with socialist ideals and values, and formed a highly consistent core value system and values. Loving the party and patriotism, serving the people, public ownership, planned economy, large collective, people's democracy, dictatorship of the proletariat, class struggle, selfless dedication, new industrialist, anti-private repair, anti-repair and anti-hegemony have become the main value discourses in different stages of this period. Obviously, when the "Left" ideology gradually occupied the dominant position, the mainstream ideology and value system in this period had taken on the "Left" color and limitations. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee from 65438 to 0978 confused the guiding ideology of China's * * * production party and made a great decision of reform and opening up. Since then, China's * * * production party has led the people of China to embark on the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and devote themselves to the great cause of China's modernization and national rejuvenation. Looking at the development of reform and opening up for more than 30 years, the concepts of serving the people, democracy, freedom, civilization, prosperity, common prosperity, public ownership, commodity economy, socialist market economy, equality, fairness, justice, rule of law, rule of virtue, collectivism, patriotism, innovation, people-oriented, harmony and all-round development of people highlight the core of socialism at this stage. Today, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics is in the ascendant. Taking the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the common ideal of the people of all ethnic groups in China at this stage. However, what is the connection and difference between Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the value goal and orientation of classical socialism? What is the difference between the value essence of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the major capitalist countries today? This is an important question that Socialism with Chinese characteristics's theory must answer. The proposal of socialist core values is a timely response to these major issues.
2. The need to shape people's positive, healthy and scientific values.
The development of a country and society not only provides a prosperous and developed economic foundation for its citizens, but also establishes and promotes positive, healthy and scientific values for its citizens and provides rich and colorful cultural products to satisfy their spiritual pursuit and enjoyment. Since the reform and opening up, China's comprehensive national strength and social development have made great progress, people's living standards have been greatly improved, socialist spiritual civilization has achieved fruitful results, and the broad masses of the people have generally formed a positive world outlook, outlook on life and values. However, the tide of economic construction triggered by the reform and opening up and the profound social changes brought about by the reform and opening up have prompted some party member cadres and people to change their world outlook, outlook on life and values. Some decadent, backward and unhealthy values, lifestyles and bad habits washed in the past have flooded again. There has been a worrying confusion in the whole social atmosphere and social morality. The specific performance is as follows.
(1) Money worship is prevalent. Money worship is an ideological and moral concept of money first, which holds that money is not only omnipotent, but also the standard to measure all behaviors. In the market tide centered on economic construction in China, some people have developed money worship. "Everything is for money" has become a popular mantra. As a result, being rich and powerful and making friends with the "rich second generation", "official second generation" and "local tyrants" has become a social atmosphere. Various phenomena of "showing off wealth", "showing off wealth" and "showing off wealth" emerge one after another. "I would rather cry in a BMW than laugh on a bicycle" has become a famous online saying and won a high support rate. Money worship is one of the important reasons for the cross-flow of materialism and moral decay in modern society. Today, China has become a big country of commodity counterfeiting in the world, and all kinds of fake and shoddy products, foods and medicines are popular. In particular, all kinds of inferior foods such as gutter oil, poisoned rice, poisoned milk powder, fake wine, pork with water injection, and all kinds of fake medicines such as Miramar, Herceptin and Trocquer not only defrauded consumers' economic interests, but also seriously damaged their physical and mental health. Some people joked that China is full of cheating, cheating and gambling, all related to the corrosion of money worship. At the same time, the idea of "everything is about money" has been generalized from the economic field to all fields of social life, and the principle of market equivalent exchange has been distorted and applied to interpersonal and social relations, leading to "hidden rules" rampant. Some cadres in party member clamored that "money makes the mare go" and wantonly bought and sold officials. Some people are not proud of helping others, but insist on asking for money, asking for money at the critical moment of saving lives and at an inappropriate time, so as to blackmail the victims and their families in disguise. There are even a few corrupt officials and "local tyrants" who take pleasure in sleeping in a pile of money, or are proud of burning RMB, looking for so-called happiness and excitement. Obviously, money worship distorts the psychology and soul of some people.
(2) Luxury hedonism prevails. A serious consequence of money worship is the birth of luxury hedonism. Reform and opening up have brought about the prosperity and development of China's material culture. However, the increase of wealth does not mean the promotion of civilization. On the contrary, some party member cadres and "bosses" who have become rich have not turned their wealth into more valuable resources, but have indulged in excessive luxury of money and materials and pursued extravagant enjoyment of life. Some cadres in party member eat gluttonous meals, stay in high-end hotels, play all over Qian Shan and keep mistresses and beautiful women, which is prevalent in the unhealthy trend of seeking pleasure, ostentation and extravagance. Some rich people and "local tyrants" spend money like water, indulge in eating, drinking, whoring, gambling and drugs, are obsessed with the life of "drinking today and getting drunk today", and even spread the slogan of "dying during the day and coming back at night" everywhere. In the name of economic development, some places have developed "sex capital", "bath capital" and "love capital", which has contributed to the prevalence of pornography, gambling and drugs. China is a large developing country, and many places are still underdeveloped areas, with people living below the poverty line. However, today's China has become the largest luxury consumer in the world. This phenomenon really deserves our deep thought. Extravagant hedonism makes people indulge in material enjoyment and physical happiness, and it is easy to make people fall into a state of depression and lack of enterprising spirit. Therefore, the growth and spread of hedonism can not bring about real economic development and social progress, but can only breed the cancer of false prosperity, encourage the atmosphere of playthings to get tired of their work, and seriously corrode the good and healthy social atmosphere.
(3) Lack of honesty and social morality. The Chinese nation has always been a nation that values morality and stresses honesty. Confucius once said in The Analects of Confucius Yan Yuan: "Since ancient times, everyone has died, and people will not stand without faith." Zhou people first put forward the concepts of "cautious punishment" and "rule by virtue" In the Tang Dynasty, the law of the Tang Dynasty finally determined the general plan of "morality is the foundation of politics and religion, and punishment is used for politics and religion", which was highly praised by later generations. Putting morality first, being honest and trustworthy, being kind to others, being friends at home and abroad and caring for each other were once excellent virtues of our nation and society. However, all kinds of mixed fish and dragons in the reform and opening up have prompted some people's thoughts and values to change, and a few people have appeared moral decay, distorted thinking and immoral behavior. In recent years, the phenomenon of lack of integrity such as "bean curd residue" project, "Sanlu" tainted milk powder incident, "Clenbuterol" incident, "dyeing steamed bread" incident and "fake academic credentials" has intensified. All kinds of "pornographic photos", "one-night stands" and frequent "trips" all torture the moral standards and personal qualities of Chinese people. Whether the old man fell to help or not, or the "Little Yue Yue" incident in Foshan, everyone with conscience in China suffered from mental suffering. The hype of all kinds of media, the irrigation of the network "water army", the bad comments of bad V, and the false moral criticism of "public knowledge" are all fooling and deceiving every kind citizen. The pursuit of "Gan Lulu", "wet dew", "nude model" and "naked star" and the advocacy of "fame once and for all" have worried and puzzled parents and children all over the world. At present, our society seems to be in a dangerous state of lack of faith, moral decline, lack of trust and self-pity. Therefore, the rectification and reconstruction of the whole social value order is an urgent task, and a set of systematic and scientific values is urgently needed to guide and correct it.
(4) The society is impetuous and the individual rationality is insufficient. The civilization, stability and progress of a society need the rational thinking and action of every social member, and a set of scientific values are needed to guide and standardize every social member to abide by civilized order and code of conduct. China's reform and opening up has brought profound changes to people's ideas, values, working methods and lifestyles. Especially after the establishment of the socialist market economic system, the freedom, variability and differences of people's ideological activities and behaviors have been significantly enhanced. At the same time, each individual's response to the competition and pressure brought by the market economy is also very different. After more than 30 years of rapid development in China, the imbalance between urban and rural areas, regions and departments has become more prominent, and the gap between different industries and different groups has become more obvious. Even in the same region and industry, some gaps are more obvious. In this context, there are people with lost ideals and shaken beliefs, people with moral degeneration and distorted thoughts, people who have come out of decadent and backward ideology and culture, and people who have secretly grown up with money worship, hedonism and extreme individualism. [Cultivating high-spirited civic character, People's Daily, February 17, 20 14, 1 edition. There is a strange phenomenon of irrationality and impetuousness in society. In recent years, all kinds of entertainment programs lacking cultural details have occupied the prime time of TV media around the country, and there has been a situation of "draft" everywhere in China. Compared with some developed countries in the world, the reading level of Chinese people is obviously backward. According to a survey conducted by UNESCO, the number of books read by Jews ranks first in the world every year, with an average of 64 books per person per year. China has a population of 654.38+300 million. Excluding textbooks, the average person reads less than 654.38+0 books a year. The per capita reading of Korean nationals is about 1 1 book per year, 8.4 books in France and 8.4 ~ 8.5 books in Japan. 【 《 China people read less than 1 book a year on average 》, Shenzhen Evening News, 20 13, 18 edition. Some people's remarks pursue the so-called "language is not surprising and endless" effect. The words and deeds of some "rich second generation" and "official second generation" are staggering. "My dad is ..." It became a temporary restlessness. All kinds of "jokes" are flooding the whole cyberspace and other new media. The phenomenon of "hating the rich" and "hating the officials" is becoming more and more serious, blindly accusing others of "being rich and heartless" and "not being an official". All kinds of ideological trends are undercurrent, all kinds of anti-party and anti-government remarks are sought after for no reason, and even everything advocated by the party and the government is resolutely opposed. Some extreme "anti-Japanese" and "anti-American" remarks and behaviors are popular in the name of "patriotism". In some places, incidents such as the explosion of buses and airports and the killing of children and primary school students retaliate against society in extreme ways, causing panic among people and the whole society. Some members of society seem to be full of arrogance, arrogance and resentment at any time, and some even fight for a bus seat and a queue order, arguing for their uncivilized words and deeds. The civilization and maturity of a society can reflect the civilization and maturity of a nation and a country. The civilization and maturity of society are based on the moral cultivation level and maturity of individual members of society. As Mr. Lu Xun said: "If China wants to survive in the world, the first thing is to establish a person, and then everything will be done." At present, the civilization, harmony and progress of China society need high-spirited civic character and rational thinking and action. This requires scientific values to guide and standardize every member of society, so that they can correctly handle the relationship between individuals and others, individuals and society.
3. The need to build a harmonious socialist society.
With the development of reform and opening up for more than 30 years, China's economic structure, social structure, interest pattern and people's ideas have undergone profound changes. This great change has not only brought great vitality to China's development and progress, but also made the task of balancing the interests of all parties arduous and arduous, and the problems affecting social harmony have become increasingly prominent. At present, the contradictions and problems affecting social harmony mainly include: urban and rural areas, regions, economic and social development is very uneven, and policy deviation causes great dissatisfaction; Employment, social security, income distribution, education, medical care, housing, safety in production, social security and other issues related to the immediate interests of the masses are more prominent, and people's living pressure and work pressure are increasing; Democracy and legal system are not perfect, and social fairness and justice need to be improved urgently; Some members of society lack honesty, moral anomie, and social indifference is prominent; The relationship between man and nature is tense, and the pressure on population, resources and environment is increasing; Corruption is still serious, and the credibility of the party and the government is damaged; Infiltration and sabotage activities of hostile forces are becoming more and more frequent. Among many factors affecting social harmony, corruption, widening gap between the rich and the poor, employment, education equity, social integrity, moral decline, medical security, environmental degradation and other issues have become the most concerned and worried issues of the broad masses of the people. If China's * * * production party can't solve these problems timely, effectively and properly, any one of them may endanger the party's ruling position.
Reform and opening up have brought a lot of contradictions among the people, which is not the fault of reform and opening up itself, but an inevitable phenomenon in the process of reform. No society can be without contradictions, and human society always develops and progresses in the contradictory movement. At present, people are most concerned about whether the ruling party and its cadres in party member dare to face up to and actively resolve contradictions, and whether they can scientifically analyze the deep-seated causes of these contradictions and problems. What the broad masses of people are most dissatisfied with is the corruption caused by institutional monopoly and the new injustice caused by the failure to guarantee democracy, fairness and justice. People are worried that the reform and opening up will deviate from the goal of "* * * with prosperity" put forward by Deng Xiaoping in those years, and deviate from the socialist direction. Therefore, the conciseness and presentation of socialist core values is a powerful response to people's worries and dissatisfaction. As the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out, cultivating and practicing socialist core values is a strategic task to promote the great cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realize the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation. It has important practical significance and far-reaching historical significance for promoting the all-round development of people, leading the all-round progress of society, and gathering strong positive energy for building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the Chinese dream of great rejuvenation.
The socialist core values of "Three Advocates" put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China are the product of the combination of Marxism and socialist modernization, which conforms to the development requirements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the outstanding achievements of Chinese traditional culture and human civilization. It is an important conclusion made by our party to condense the values of the whole party and society. Cultivating and practicing the socialist core values is of great strategic significance for promoting the great cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
First, the historical inevitability of socialist core values
The essence, characteristics and ideal pursuit of a society are embodied in the basic values and value orientation of society, that is, the core values of society. Core values are not only determined by the economic base, but also play an indispensable role in regulating, guiding and promoting social development. Every society has its own core values. Socialist core values are the core of the socialist core value system, which embodies the fundamental nature and characteristics of the socialist core value system, reflects the rich connotation and practical requirements of the socialist core value system, and is a highly concise and concentrated embodiment of the socialist core value system. In a word, the socialist core values are the essential requirement of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and have historical inevitability.
In contemporary China, only the socialist core values of "Three Advocates" can truly reflect the needs of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's practice and the fundamental interests and common aspirations of the overwhelming majority of the people. Socialist core values are not only the product of combining Marxism with Socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also the result of critically inheriting the basic values of human beings at all times and in all countries. Although the core values of capitalism have played a positive role in the development of world history, its inherent limitations and historical conditions for its emergence and existence determine that it is not suitable for China at all, and any copying is unrealistic and will cause subversive harm to Socialism with Chinese characteristics's cause. Especially in the face of the new situation of value contest under the situation of ideological and cultural exchange and confrontation in the world, and the new characteristics of diverse ideologies under the conditions of reform, opening up and development of socialist market economy, it is of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance to actively cultivate and practice socialist core values for consolidating the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field. Consolidate the ideological foundation of the United struggle of the whole party and the people of the whole country, promote the all-round development of people and lead the all-round progress of society.
Second, the historical progress of socialist core values
The socialist core values we advocate are rooted in Socialism with Chinese characteristics's practice, which not only embodies the basic principles of scientific socialism, but also draws on and develops the reasonable factors of Chinese and western values, and has distinct historical progress. This is fully reflected in the values of democracy, harmony, justice and freedom.