Since 1980s, the US Navy has designated seven new operational modes, including air defense (AAW), anti-submarine (ASW), attack (STK), anti-ship (ASW), amphibious warfare (AMW), mine warfare (MIW) and logistics support (LOC). On this basis, two typical combat formations are determined: carrier battle group (CVBG) and surface battle group (SAG). The former takes the aircraft carrier as the core, with surface escort forces, nuclear submarines and logistics support ships. And mainly use aircraft and medium-and long-range missiles to attack enemy targets at sea, in the air and on the ground? The latter takes battleships as the core, with water escort forces as the main force, mainly bombing enemy land and sea targets with helicopters, medium and long-range missiles and large and medium caliber artillery. [Transferred from the Iron Blood Community/] The operational organization of the aircraft carrier battle group is generally determined according to the task and threat environment. An aircraft carrier battle group with high operational efficiency and strong survivability has operational capabilities such as air defense, anti-submarine, anti-ship and shore defense attack. There are three typical formations of the US Navy's aircraft carrier battle group: when patrolling or demonstrating force in low-threat areas, the battle group consisting of 1 aircraft carrier (called single aircraft carrier battle group) is usually equipped with four air defense missile cruisers, four anti-submarine missile destroyers and 1 to two attack nuclear submarines? When carrying out deterrence, stopping crises and participating in low-intensity wars in moderate threat areas, a battle group consisting of two aircraft carriers (dual-carrier battle group) is usually used, with eight anti-aircraft missile cruisers and destroyers, four anti-submarine destroyers and two to four attack nuclear submarines? When participating in local wars or large-scale conventional operations in high-threat areas, use a battle group consisting of three aircraft carriers, nine anti-aircraft missile cruisers and destroyers, 14 anti-submarine destroyers and 5-6 attack nuclear submarines. According to the task, the carrier battle group can also be mixed with the surface ship battle group. For example, in 1987, when the US Navy escorted merchant ships in the Gulf and used force as a deterrent in the Arabian Sea, it used this system. Later, the typical formation of the US Navy was a dual carrier battle group with two carriers as the core. Aircraft carrier battle groups cruising in the depth of battle are always threatened by air, sea, underwater and electromagnetic four-dimensional space. Therefore, we must hold high in attack and defense, with strong deterrence and assault, strict self-defense ability and strong vitality. At present, from reconnaissance and early warning to attack cover, the US aircraft carrier battle group has realized an integrated and closely coordinated attack and defense system, which has the characteristics of deep attack and defense, multi-level and strong firepower. A typical two-carrier battle group usually adopts three layers of offensive and defensive firepower distribution, in which the first and second layers are used to attack the enemy and protect the safety of the entire aircraft carrier formation, and the third layer is mainly the self-defense of each combat unit in the battle group. Its collocation and capacity are as follows: (1) the first floor: the outer defense zone, also known as the defense zone in depth, is 85 ~ 400 kilometers away from the mother ship/kloc-0. In this defense zone, the detection equipment is military reconnaissance satellites, 8 E-2C early warning aircraft from 2 early warning aircraft squadrons, and 6 RF- 14a or RF-4f reconnaissance aircraft from 2 reconnaissance aircraft squadrons. In addition, the SPY-4A shipborne long-range air search radar in the battle group can also undertake certain air defense early warning tasks. The main combat forces are carrier-based aircraft, including nearly 50 F- 14 Tomcat fighters from 4 squadrons and F/A- 18 Hornet fighters/attack aircraft carrying air-to-air missiles, in order to perform tasks such as expelling enemy fighters, seizing and maintaining air superiority of the fleet, intercepting enemy bombers and intercepting incoming cruise missiles, with a combat radius of over 700 kilometers; There are about 70 A-6E "Intruder" and A-7E "Pirate Ship" attack planes in 6 squadrons, which mainly carry out the tasks of attacking enemy sleeping ships and bombing enemy deep ground targets; Two squadrons of about 20 S-3A/B Viking anti-submarine aircraft, together with the P-3C Orion shore-based large anti-submarine patrol aircraft and attack nuclear submarines in the battle group, carried out anti-submarine warfare in the sea area within the range of 1000 km fleet activities; About 8 EA-6B electronic warfare aircraft of two squadrons can cooperate with attack aircraft and fighter aircraft to attack and fight, and implement electronic jamming and suppression. About 350 Tomahawk cruise missiles carried by each platform of the battle group can carry out conventional or nuclear attacks on surface ships within 460 kilometers or enemy ground targets within 2500 kilometers. (2) The second floor: the central defense zone, or regional defense zone, is generally 45 ~185km away from the mother ship. In this defense zone, the main detection equipment includes shipborne early warning aircraft, reconnaissance aircraft, shipborne spy-1A phased array radar, SPS-43 and SPS-49 and other long-range air search radars. The main combat forces are ship-borne regional defense weapons and ship-borne helicopters. Each platform in the battle group carries about 330 Tomahawk cruise missiles and about 290 Helpan medium-range anti-ship missiles, which can be submarine-launched, air-launched or airdropped to undertake the anti-ship mission of the main fleet. Nearly 600 "standard" I/U missiles with a range of 45-120km and a speed of Mach 2.5 are carried by escort ships, which are mainly used to intercept incoming enemy planes and missiles in the air. EA-6B "Rover" electronic warfare aircraft can be deployed on the periphery of the mother ship when carrying out air defense and anti-missile missions, which will electronically jam the incoming aircraft and missiles and make the attack ineffective. The escort ships of the battle group are equipped with about 40 helicopters, mainly carrying out medium-range anti-submarine warfare missions, taking into account the implementation of target instructions and search and rescue missions. [Transferred from Tiexue Community] (3) The third floor: internal defense area, or point defense area, the defense depth is 0.1~ 45km away from the mother ship. In this defense zone, the main detection equipment is various shipborne radars, and the main combat force is shipborne point defense weapons. 600 "standard" air defense missiles carried by escort ships in the battle group can effectively intercept medium-range incoming aircraft and missiles. When the target approaches the fleet 15 km, about 150 NATO sea sparrow point defense missiles and about 20 high-altitude dual-purpose guns can be used to intercept it. The last air defense and anti-missile defense line consists of about 30 sets of "dense array" near-defense weapon systems and RBOC electronic warfare systems, which can intercept 100 ~ 200 meters low-altitude sea-skimming targets. Each ship in the battle group carries about 220 MK46 and MK44 torpedoes and 160 Asroc anti-submarine missiles, which can attack enemy submarines within 10 km.