Mianzhu, the pearl of western Sichuan, is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Deyang City. Located in the northwest of Sichuan Basin, with an area of 1245.3 square kilometers, it governs 19 town and 2 townships with a total population of 520,000. Mianzhu is 83 kilometers away from Chengdu and 74 kilometers away from Mianyang. The total mileage of China Highway is 49 1km, including Mianzhu-Deyang Expressway, Detian Railway (Deyang-Tianchi) and three local railways connected with baoji-chengdu railway. Known as "one of the 72 caves in the world". It has a long history. 1995 was named as "Sichuan Famous Historical and Cultural City".
Everything is beautiful and precious. The territory has fertile land, mild climate, abundant rainfall and rich products. Forests account for 49.8% of the land area, the urban green coverage rate is 49.52%, and the urban per capita public green space is 5. 1 square meter. Mianzhu is rich in mineral resources, and there are more than 40 kinds of proven mineral resources, among which phosphate rock is one of the four phosphate rock bases in China. The national famous spring "Yufei Strontium Spring" is a unique resource for the development of brewing and beverage industry. There are more than 0/50 species of rare animals and plants such as giant panda, golden monkey, Sumen antelope, hairy deer, Davidia involucrata, red bean wood and Alsophila spinulosa, as well as many precious medicinal materials such as Cordyceps sinensis, Fritillaria, Gastrodia elata, Bo Huang and Eucommia ulmoides. Jiuding Mountain is the main part of "Wolong-Siguniang Mountain Giant Panda Ecological Corridor" and has been listed as "Minshan World Natural Heritage Site" by the provincial government. The Longmen Mountains where Jiuding Mountain is located was first named as the National Geopark by the Ministry of Land and Resources.
Mianzhu has beautiful scenery and rich products. Longmenshan in the northwest is rich in minerals, and there are more than 40 kinds of proven minerals, especially phosphorus, coal, dolomite and limestone. Its phosphate rock is one of the four major phosphate rock bases in China, with abundant domestic oil and natural gas reserves. The vast plains in the southeast have fertile land, mild climate and rich products. They are the main producing areas of rice, wheat, rape, corn, fruits and vegetables, and were listed as "seventy-two caves" in the Tang Dynasty. Many famous products have long enjoyed a good reputation. As early as the early years of the Republic of China, the four famous specialties of wine, paper, tobacco and coal were exported to both inside and outside the province, and preserved eggs of Songhua, sesame oil, Yuquan salted duck, tea and cockscomb were also famous. Since the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), especially since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, the reform and opening-up policy has been implemented, and all walks of life have developed rapidly. Coal, phosphate rock, limestone, marble and other mineral deposits are exploited in large quantities, mainly grain, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and by-products are developed in an all-round way, and many famous new products are continuously developed. Important products include "China Famous Wine" Jiannanchun series products, "Python" brand phosphorus chemical series products, phosphate fertilizer, ammonium bicarbonate series products, aluminum alloy series products, clothing, down series products, candy and cake series products, 425# slag silicate cement, yellow phosphorus, rubber, plastics, cultural paper, edible alcohol and other products, which have formed brands and put on the market, selling well all over the country, among which the famous sword.
Excellent person. In the old records, there were five loyalties in the Han Dynasty and three sages in the Song Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, there was Yang Rui, one of the six gentlemen in the Hundred Days of Reform. In modern times, there are revered early members Wang, Luo Shuyuhe, and accomplished patriotic monk Master Neng Hai. There are many places of interest in the territory, such as Zhuge Shuangzhong Temple, Mrs. Zhang's Tomb, Master Guifeng's Tomb, Nanxuan Temple, Yang Rui's Tomb and Wang's Tomb. There are famous temples such as Xiangfu Temple, Yanxian Temple, Sanxi Temple in Lingyin, West Sichuan, Jixiang Temple, Wu Yun Temple in Jingang Dojo, Yanzi Academy Site, Huilan Tower and other ancient buildings.
The land of famous wines. "Tang Dynasty palace wine, prosperous Jian Nanchun". Jian Nanchun, a famous wine from China, is a wonderful flower that has grown from the brewing history of more than 2,000 years. It enjoys a high reputation in China, and its fragrance spreads all over the world. He has won international and national quality gold medals for more than 60 times. 1999 "Jian nanchun" was recognized as a well-known trademark in China.
Hometown of New Year pictures. Mianzhu New Year Picture is one of the four major New Year Pictures in China, which enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. It was named "the hometown of China folk art (folk woodcut New Year pictures)" by the Ministry of Culture 1993. Mianzhu New Year Pictures, as one of the four major New Year Pictures in China, originated in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. Its production scale reached its peak during the Qianlong Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty. Mianzhu New Year Pictures have a strong local flavor and local characteristics, which mainly include avoiding evil spirits and welcoming auspicious, local customs, drama stories, history and culture, myths and legends, etc. Mianzhu New Year Pictures were invited to be exhibited in more than 50 countries in Europe, Asia, North and South America, and were favored by foreign art circles.
Sichuan Longman Group Co., Ltd. is the largest phosphate producer in Asia and the fourth largest in the world.
Mianzhu makes full use of the good ecological environment and beautiful natural scenery along the mountain, especially the 40,000 mu pear garden and other resources, and strives to create a sightseeing and leisure rural tourism boutique of "enjoying flowers in spring, enjoying the cool in summer, enjoying fruits in autumn and watching snow in winter". Up to now, seven Mianzhu New Year Pictures Festival, nine Sichuan Mianzhu Pear Flower Festival, Mianzhu Fruit Appreciation Festival and the first Pomelo Flower Festival have been successfully held. The natural scenery of Yinxinggou, Nanmugou and Xuanlanggou attracts many tourists. The excavation of the ruins of Jiannanchun's "Tianyilao" winery was rated as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China. "Tianyi Time-honored Old Street" and Hu Yun National Forest Park are under construction and development.
physical geography
geographical position
Mianzhu City is located in the northwest of Sichuan Basin, between east longitude103 54 ′-104 20 ′ and north latitude 30 09 ′-3142 ′. It covers an area of 1245.3 square kilometers, and looks like a gold nib. It extends from northwest to southeast, with a width of about 42 kilometers from east to west and a length of about 6 1 kilometer from north to south. Longmenshan area belongs to the northwest, and the southeast is a part of Chengdu Plain. The city borders Jingyang District of Deyang City in the southeast, Anxian County of Mianyang City in the northeast, shifang city across the river in the southwest and Maoxian County of Aba Prefecture in the northwest. Jiannan Town, People's Republic of China (PRC) resident, is located in the plain area in the southeast of the city, 83km away from Chengdu in the south, 3 1 km away from Deyang in the southeast, 23km away from shifang city in the southwest, 49km away from Anxian in the northeast and 74km away from Mianyang in the east. The total mileage of national highways has reached 1466 km, and Mianzhu-Chengdu Expressway has been built, including Detian Railway and Mianyang Railway. The Chengdu-Lanzhou railway, which has already started, runs through the whole territory. It will soon become an important passenger transfer station on the Chengdu-Lanzhou line.
Main features of topography and geomorphology
The regional differentiation of urban landscape forms is very obvious: the terrain is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, and the height difference is large; Mianzhu is mountainous in the northwest and plain in the southeast. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, and gradually inclines from northwest to southeast. It has the characteristics of "six mountains, one water and three fields", with an altitude of 504 meters to 4405 meters. Rivers are vertical and horizontal, with strong cutting power. Northwest mountainous area is the birthplace of Chinese rivers. There are many tributaries, with a river depth of 500- 1000 meters, narrow riverbed and steep valley; There are clear boundaries between mountains and plains, and there are various types of landforms. The city is roughly divided into two parts: mountains and plains. Mountainous areas are divided into three types: high, medium and low, with Zhongshan as the main area, covering an area of 648.55 square kilometers, accounting for 52.08% of the city's total land area, and plain areas covering 596.75 square kilometers, accounting for 47.92% of the city's total land area, which is an integral part of the original Penxiping zoning.
river
All rivers belong to the Tuojiang River system, which originates from the northwest mountainous area and flows to the southeast plain, mostly seasonal rivers. The mountain valley is steep and has a big drop. The slope of the plain gradually slows down with the terrain. The water quantity changes greatly, the rainy season in winter and spring is relatively stable, and the rainy season in summer and autumn is easy to cause disasters. The main rivers are Mianyuan River, Shiting River, Wading River, Mawei River, Baishui River and Longmang River.
Shitingjiang
Shiting River, called Luoshui in ancient times, originated in Shifang, passed through Mianzhu, entered the market from Gaojingguan, flowed through the market, flowed through the towns of Jinlun, Xiaohan, Goldfish, Hexing and Sanshui, and then flowed into Tuojiang River. The river reaches in China are 22.32km long and the rainwater collection area is 76.65km2.. The once-in-20-year flood peak discharge is 3900-4 150 cubic meters per second. The average annual runoff for many years is 658 million cubic meters.
Mianyuanhe
Mianyuan River was called Mianshui in ancient times. The length of rivers in China is 1 1.9 km, which flows through Lianshan Town, Shuangquan Township, Song Lin Town and Sanshui Town, joins Shi Ting, and leaves Zhao Zhen to enter Tuojiang River. It belongs to the precipitation recharge river. The river is 268 meters wide. The rainwater collection area is 80 square kilometers. The total annual runoff is 5120,000 cubic meters.
climate
Mianzhu belongs to the subtropical humid climate zone in Sichuan Basin, with mild climate, abundant precipitation and four distinct seasons. The continental monsoon climate has obvious characteristics, such as no heat in summer, no severe cold in winter, long frost-free period, frequent cold air activities in spring, unstable temperature rise, frequent droughts in spring and summer, heavy rains in midsummer, floods in autumn and rainy weather. The annual average temperature is 15.7℃, and the accumulated temperature of 10.0℃ is 5000 ~ 5300 ~ 6500℃ all year round; The accumulated temperature of 10.0℃ is 240~300 days throughout the year; The average temperature in Leng Yue is 4.0℃ to10.0℃; The annual extreme minimum temperature is 10.0℃ to-1.0℃ ~ 2.0℃; Exhaustion of animal and plant resources
The city is rich in natural tree species, mainly spruce, fir, oak and birch. Cunninghamia lanceolata and Cryptomeria fortunei are the main tree species in plantation. The surrounding trees are dominated by Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Cinnamomum camphora and Zhang Qian. Rare animals are: giant panda, Sichuan golden monkey, giant salamander and so on. Rare plants: Davidia involucrata, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Ginkgo biloba, Cercidiphyllum japonicum, etc.
Mianzhu vegetation belongs to subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest area and Longmenshan community on the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin. Due to the influence of topography and climate, the vertical band spectrum of plants is obvious. Generally speaking, it can be divided into: the "four-sided" distribution zone of trees and bamboos in the plain, with an altitude of 500-700 meters, horizontal soil and fertilizer, vertical and horizontal ditches, mild climate and mainly artificial vegetation.
Crops are mainly rice, wheat and rape. Forests are scattered and banded; The coniferous broad-leaved forest belt in the middle and low mountains is 700- 1800 meters above sea level, with a cool climate, mostly mountain yellow soil and mountain yellow brown soil, and mostly secondary vegetation. It is mainly composed of evergreen tree species such as Lauraceae, Aluminaceae, Theaceae, Zelkovaceae and Magnoliaceae. Altitude of hard broad-leaved dark coniferous forest belt in Zhongshan 1800-3000m. The climate is cool and humid, foggy, with large temperature difference and short sunshine. Vegetation mainly includes hardwood evergreen broad-leaved forest and dark coniferous forest. Subalpine coniferous forest, shrub belt, the altitude is between 3000 and 3600 meters, and the habitat is cold. There is more light. The vegetation in this area is mostly coniferous mixed forest, and the trees in the group are fir, spruce and alpine cypress. The appearance of the community is green, the canopy is clean and tidy, and the level is simple; Alpine irrigation comes from meadow, with an altitude of 3000-4405 meters. The climate is cold, dry and windy, with strong sunshine, extremely thin soil and many exposed rocks. Gramineae and Cyperaceae are the main constructive species. Other plants adapted to its climate and environment, such as alpine cypress, cedar, rhododendron and willow, have been dwarfed into bushes.
mineral resources
Mianzhu is rich in mineral resources, the main mineral resources are phosphate rock, bauxite, pyrite, coal and natural gas. Limestone is the most abundant mineral resource in Mianzhu, mainly distributed in the northwest mountainous area of Mianzhu, with high ore grade and recoverable reserves of more than 200 million tons. Phosphate rock is mainly distributed in the northwest mountainous area, with a reserve of 6.5438+0.7376 million tons and an ore grade of more than 25%. It is the main raw material of phosphating industry. Bauxite is mainly distributed in the northwest mountainous area, with a reserve of 994 1.2 million tons and a geological reserve of 4.6876 million tons. Pyrite is mainly distributed in mountain towns such as Qingping and Tianchi. The reserves exceed 14395400 tons. Coal resources are abundant, with a total reserve of 3 1.79 million tons, including Tianchi coal mine 1.40 1.000 tons. Natural gas, deep gas reserves about 50 billion cubic meters, shallow gas 65.438+0 billion cubic meters.
water resource
Mianzhu is located in the upper reaches of Tuojiang River, with an average annual precipitation of 65,438+0,086.4 mm. Shi Ting and Mianyuan flow through the plain. The city's total water resources are 65.438+0.7 billion cubic meters, and the total available water resources are 900 million cubic meters. The exploitable amount of groundwater is 65.438+0.10.30 billion cubic meters, which meets the water supply requirements. The city's hydropower development capacity is 65,000 kilowatts, and small hydropower has been built. Agricultural irrigation conditions are good. Dujiangyan People's Canal and Hongyan Canal run through the whole territory, and Mianyuan Heguan Songbonian Hub blocks the river for water. There are 2 small (1) and (2) reservoirs in the city, with 65,438 main canals, branch canals and bucket canals, with a length of 1373.4km, forming a storage, diversion and lifting pipe network. The city has built 82.44 kilometers of dikes, including 60.44 kilometers of standard dikes, which can promote benefits and reduce disasters, and can develop floodplain land 1.68 million mu.
ecological environment
Mianzhu has fertile land, mild climate, abundant rainfall, rich products, developed economy and a long history of agricultural production. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have strengthened their leadership over the work of ecological environment protection, conscientiously implemented the basic policy of "strict protection, unified management, rational development and sustainable utilization", formulated the tenth five-year plan and the 20 15 planning outline for environmental protection in Mianzhu, implemented the target responsibility system for environmental protection, strengthened law enforcement inspection on environmental protection, and accelerated the protection, utilization and construction of industrial ecological environment and natural ecological environment. The declaration and registration of sewage discharge have been carried out in an all-round way, and the mining enterprises have been investigated, so that the ecological environment protection of industrial sewage discharge in the city has been fully grasped; We have strengthened the control of old and new pollution sources, implemented strict control of new pollution, adhered to the "three simultaneities" system of new expansion and renovation projects, adopted measures such as closing, stopping, merging, transferring and relocating enterprises with poor efficiency and heavy pollution, treated old enterprises with serious pollution within a time limit, and treated urban domestic sewage harmlessly. 1998 put forward the slogan of "building an ecological demonstration zone", which is a provincial ecological demonstration zone and a provincial nature reserve in Sichuan. According to the principle of applied urban ecology, with the comprehensive improvement of urban environment as the core, the urban ecological layout design is carried out on the basis of maintaining the original natural ecosystem as much as possible. Improve urban living environment and ecological environment. Planting trees and protecting the ecological environment. Mianzhu forest is mainly distributed in mountainous areas, with a forest coverage rate of 49.5%, with more than 58,000 hectares of woodland, accounting for 56.4% of the city's total area, including 53,400 hectares in mountainous areas. Returning farmland to forests is 348,572 mu, afforesting barren hills10.4 million mu, and planting 20,000 mu of fruit trees. Strengthen the construction of agricultural ecological environment, participate in the 65438-0989 comprehensive agricultural development project in central Sichuan, and comprehensively manage the mountains, water, forests, fields and roads in the city. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan and the Ninth Five-Year Plan, 40,000 mu of floodplain land was harnessed. In order to intensify the rectification, the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have formulated and promulgated a series of policies, such as the Decision on Further Strengthening Environmental Protection and the Work Plan for Promoting Cleaner Production in Mianzhu City. Some polluting enterprises closed down and moved as planned, and insisted on the environmental impact assessment of new construction, expansion and technological transformation projects. The water quality of the exit sections of Mawei River and Wading River reaches Class III standard; The quality of urban atmospheric environment is good. Ensure that new pollution sources are eliminated from the source. The environmental quality of urban and rural areas in the city has been significantly improved, environmental pollution has been effectively controlled, and environmental awareness has been significantly improved.
Human population
The natural growth rate of the city's population continued to decline, and the city's population showed a negative growth trend. According to statistics, the total population of the city at the end of 2006 was 5 13859. The non-agricultural population is 10224 1, and the agricultural population is 410304. Male is 26 1770, female is 250775, and the sex ratio of population is 102.39: 100.
In February, 20021year, the list of advanced counties with clean and tidy villages in 2020 was released, and Mianzhu City was on the list.
From June 5438 to February 2020, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced the second batch of national tourism demonstration zones, and Mianzhu City was on the list.
From June 5438 to February 2020, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with national investment potential in 2020 was released, and Mianzhu ranked 95th.
In June, 2020165438+1October, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with county tourism development potential in 2020 was announced, and Mianzhu City was on the list.
In September 2020, the list of "Top 100 Counties and Cities in Western China in 2020" was published, and Mianzhu ranked 34th.
In May 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission announced the demonstration list of new urbanization construction in this county, and Mianzhu City was on the list.
20 18,10 in June, Mianzhu was selected as one of the top 100 counties and cities in western China on 20 18, ranking 37th.