(2) The ruling class pays attention to adjusting its ruling policies and implementing measures conducive to the development of agricultural economy, so as to further develop and utilize land resources, reclaim wasteland and increase land area.
(3) The government revenue increases and the population increases.
(4) The publication of agricultural works (such as The Book by Fan Sheng Zhi in the Han Dynasty, The Book of Qi Yao Min by Jia Sixie in the Northern Wei Dynasty, The Complete Book of Agricultural Administration in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Heavenly Creations, etc.). ).
(5) Introduce and popularize new crop varieties (such as Zhancheng rice, corn and potato).
(6) Pay attention to water conservancy construction.
(7) the hard work of the broad masses of working people
The factors that promoted the progress of ancient agriculture in China are: the attention of rulers, the innovation of production tools and the progress of agricultural technology, the development of water conservancy and the hard work of farmers. The obstacles are: the heavy tax burden of farmers, the heavy impact of military service on production time, the weak ability of individual farmers to cope with natural disasters, and the serious land merger.
The country is people-oriented, the people take food as the sky, and the people take agriculture as their industry. Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty said, "I thought heaven and earth were the first."
First class, only farmers. Farmers bear hardships, work hard, cultivate and reap, and feed people all over the world. Let the world be free
Farmer, the whole world is starving! "China has been a super agricultural country since ancient times, so agriculture is at all times.
The foundation of national economic, political and cultural development.
At the same time, China is a country of poetry.
Poetry originates from labor,
With the development of society,
People put agriculture
The changes in the world are recorded in words, some are notes, some are lyrical, and some are discussions. total
In short, the rise and fall of agriculture and the development of agriculture are recorded in poetry through vivid words.
Below, let's look at the important factors affecting the development of ancient agriculture in China from the poems.
Poetry originates from working people, some are ballads, some are oracles and some are slogans. In the original language
In agricultural poetry,
It reflects a key factor affecting agriculture:
Jesus Christ.
Especially in the case of very underdeveloped technology.
In ancient times, farmers depended on the weather for farming. "Yi Yi Wax Ci" contained in the Book of Rites: "The soil is against its house;
Water belongs to its valley; Insects do nothing; Trees and grass return to their natural habitat!
"Ballads pray to nature in simple language, hope.
I hope that the soil will return to its original position and not be lost; Water belongs to the valley and does not flood; Pests should not rise; Cao mugui
In the swamp, don't invade the crops. These songs are all important factors affecting agricultural production, so this paper
Folk songs actually embody ancient people's curses on various natural disasters that affect agricultural production.
Adjust the wind direction
Eager for favorable production conditions.
The influencing factors of weather cannot be changed, but after long-term practice,
Accumulated farming experience, and several poems were included in The Book of Songs.
、
With a bitter pill
、
Daejeon, etc. , are all right.
Description of agricultural production process. For example, as written in Daejeon:
"This is a question of abstinence and preparation. Take me personally.
This is a car full of nanmu.
"It means selecting seeds, trimming farm tools, and using sharp ones after finishing these.
Farm tools, start farming.
"There is nothing wrong with it." Get rid of its moths and pests "means to get rid of weeds in time.
Eliminate pests
After these manually controllable jobs are put in place,
Just wait for the timely rain and harvest.
These sketches
Writing poems about people engaged in agricultural activities has become an important document reflecting agricultural production before and after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty.
Dedication has special historical value.
In addition to natural conditions,
The experience of farmers,
Another factor is also the key to promoting agricultural development.
then ...
This is a water conservancy project. There is a folk song called Zheng Baiqu: "Where is Tian? Chiyanggukou. Zheng Guo is ahead,
After the rise of Baiqu,
. Carry buckets for clouds and canals for rain. The fish jumped into the kettle under the current stove. The water mirror is a stone, and its mud is a few buckets;
Irrigation and fertilization, planting my millet. Food and clothing, the capital, hundreds of millions of people.
"
Ask yourself the first two sentences of Zheng Baiqu's song.
The form of questioning,
Write down the location of the venue.
And this vast farmland is the famous Zheng Guoqu and Baiqu Willow.
Through this area.
Next, I will show the reader a picture of the writing intention of the laborers fighting against the sky.
Praise the opening of the canal to control water resources
A great feat:
"Raise the bucket as a cloud and set the canal as rain"
. Not only vividly depicts the magnificent and vast scene,
Moreover, the canal water is skillfully compared to a shower, praising the power of human beings to conquer and transform nature.
"Under the water boiler,
The fish jumped into the kettle. "
These two sentences are very vivid,
An exaggerated technique,
It is said that water is convenient,
Show the water flowing through the canal,
Fish are jumping around,
Labor brings a gratifying sight of happiness,
Focus on bringing a lot of things to people in life.
Convenient. The following four sentences are written about the practical benefits brought by drainage in production:
"A stone in a well is worth several barrels of mud."
Exaggerated by metaphor,
It shows the silt content of the water mirror.
With this soup, running water and fertile mud,
Just do it.
"Is there?
Irrigation and manure, planting my millet. "
. Manure here means fertilizing the fields with silt, and the last two sentences of the poem are "Give the capital food and clothing,
Billions of mouths. "
The conclusion that Zhengbaiqu water benefits the broad masses of people in Guanzhong is from the heart of the people.
A passionate ode. This song also tells us that,
"
Water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture.
"
Is the eternal truth.
Finally,
The most important factor affecting the development of ancient agriculture in China,
I think the feudal rulers were interested in agriculture.
Pay attention to and care for farmers.
From the main line,
Ancient monarchs all emphasized agriculture and suppressed commerce.
But because it's realized
Different political models and policies have different processes of agricultural development.
Bai Juyi wrote a widely circulated poem-"Look at the Wheat Cutting".
"The family, idle month less, people twice as busy in May.
At night, the south wind rises,
Wheat is covered with yellow.
My mother-in-law is hungry,
The child carries the pot pulp.
Go with Tian Xiang,
Ding Zhuang is in Nangang.
Filled with the heat of the country,
My back is burning and it's dawn.
I don't know how hot I am,
But summer is very long.
There's another poor woman,
Holding the baby around,
Holding the ear in the right hand,
The left arm hangs in the basket,
Listen to what they care about,
The listener is sad:
The family lost all their taxes,
Pick this up to satisfy your hunger.
"
What are my advantages today,
I didn't work in agriculture and mulberry.
There are 300 stones in the land,
Yan has surplus grain,
I'm ashamed to read this,
Don't forget every day.
"
Look at cutting wheat.
When Bai Juyi was appointed as the county magistrate, he felt that the local people were hard.
A poem written by living in poverty,
This work criticizes the heavy taxes that cause people to be poor.
The whole poem is divided into four layers, the first layer is four sentences, which explains the time and environmental atmosphere.
"Family, idle month less, maybe.
Double busy. "The next step is to describe the scene of" people are twice as busy "in May. These two sentences dominate the full text.
The second layer is the next eight sentences, which show this through a specific family.
"
Busy people.
"
The scene of wheat harvest.
Mother-in-law,
The daughter-in-law is carrying a rice basket.
The little grandson is carrying a kettle.
They are going to give them to people who work in the fields.
Have dinner.
The man went to the field before dawn;
Women do housework first when they get up.
Then cook;
The little grandson followed grandma,
Mom went to the field together when she delivered the meal.
They will work with the men after supper.
Look at this busy family.
leisure
"
Filled with the heat of the country, the back was scorched by the sun. I don't know about the heat, but I regret the long summer.
"
These four sentences are affirmative.
Write about the labor of harvesting wheat. Their faces face the earth and their backs face the blue sky. The bottom is steamed like a cage, and the top is baked like fire, but
They waved their sickles with all their strength and cut them all the way forward.
Seems to have completely forgotten the heat,
Because this is
"
Snatch food from the tiger's mouth
"
Time must be seized! Reluctant to waste. The weather is so hot and the days are so long.
People work hard,
I'm afraid of wasting a little time,
It can be seen that people cherish the coming wheat.
"
treasure
"
Words are used very well here,
Highlighting people's here and now is a way of writing that goes against human nature.
Emotional intensity.
Three layers and eight sentences,
The camera turned to a poor woman,
She was ruined by taxes,
At present, only wheat can be harvested.
Ears make a living,
This is a lower-ranking person than the family who is busy harvesting wheat mentioned above.
Look at her image:
Hold in the left hand
A child,
There is a broken bamboo basket hanging in my arms.
The right hand is there to pick up the ears of wheat left by others.
Now is the wheat harvest season.
At that time,
There are still ears of wheat to pick up,
At other times,
You have to beg along the street.
And their families,
The year before last, there was a family who had land to plant and Michael to collect, but later they were cornered by taxes, leaving this family.
Production and land have changed, so that it has fallen to this point today.
The fourth floor, six sentences, the poet feels guilty and ashamed of such a tragic scene under the bumper harvest.
All along,
Imposing exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees is a burden on farmers.
Most poems about farmers also describe their hard work.
Criticize the exploitation of farmers by the ruling class. From "Cutting Tan" and "Storytelling" in the earliest Book of Songs
Reflecting the exploitation and oppression of feudal rule, in the nursery rhymes of wheat in the early days of Emperor Huan and the trip to silkworm valley, we not only
We can feel the great damage of war and political corruption to agricultural production.
I can also feel the people rebelling against the rulers.
Courage and fighting capacity; From "Yan Xing" and "Guan Mo Mai", I realized the heavy taxation at that time.
The hardships of farmers.
In history, whenever a monarch appeared who was more sympathetic to the peasants,
Officials who are kind to the people,
agriculture
People's enthusiasm for farming will be high, and agricultural productivity will be greatly improved. For example, the political reform in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty,
One of the most important participants is Wang Anshi. During the political reform, Wang Anshi wrote "The Prosperous Age after Yuan Dynasty".
Description in poetry
It depicts a rich and peaceful rural scene and people's joy in celebrating the harvest.
"Wu's female dancer, said helplessly.
Happiness is nothing.
"Although for political purposes, the scenery written by Wang Anshi is not without exaggeration, but the political reform,
This really lightens the burden on farmers.