All citizens who have reached the voting age generally enjoy the right to vote, except those who are deprived of political rights. Although the bourgeoisie first put forward the slogan of "universal suffrage" to mobilize the people to participate in the struggle against feudal autocracy, after they seized power, they strictly restricted the right to vote, and stipulated restrictions on voting qualifications such as residence period, property qualification, education level, gender and race. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that it became the election principle of some capitalist countries, but this principle was not well implemented in practice. According to China's electoral law, all citizens who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote, regardless of nationality, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education level, property status and residence period, except those who are deprived of political rights according to law.
Universal suffrage is an extension of the right to vote, that is, for an adult, regardless of his gender, age, race, belief and social status, he has the right to participate in political elections.
/kloc-In the mid-9th century, there was a constitutional movement in Britain, which advocated that men, regardless of race or class, had the right to participate in political elections. /kloc-Liberals and social Democrats in the democratic movement in the 0/9th century, especially those in northern Europe, used the slogan "equality * * * has the right to vote". The universal suffrage movement includes social, economic and political movements, with the goal of extending the right to vote to all races. However, women's universal suffrage or voting rights, voting rights, etc. were not valued until the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. The earliest universal suffrage movement took place at the beginning of19th century, with the focus on lowering the property conditions required for elections. Many societies initially had racial requirements for the right to vote. For example, apartheid in South Africa, where non-whites could not vote, did not end until after the multi-party election of 1994. Before the civil rights movement, blacks in the southern United States only had theoretical voting rights, but there were many means to prevent them from achieving universal suffrage. The Ku Klux Klan was founded after the American Civil War, mainly to demand that blacks be forced to stop voting. Some universal suffrage systems actually exclude some people from voting. For example, people who refuse to recognize prisoners' right to vote, mental patients. Almost all judicial systems deny non-citizen residents and minor citizens the right to vote.