The following is a brief talk on how to do a good job in civilized construction, establish the image of "window" to the outside world, realize scientific management, and control points for safe and orderly construction.
First, the main entrances and exits of the construction site should be provided with gates, which should be solid and beautiful, with battlements on both sides and connected to the enclosure. The name or logo of the enterprise should be marked above the gate, and the secondary entrances and exits should also be taken care of by designated personnel. Set up "six boards and two drawings" at the obvious places of the main entrances and exits, including: project overview board, entrance notice board, management personnel list and supervision telephone board, fire prevention board, safety production board, civilized construction board, construction site general plan and project elevation. The general layout plan of the construction shall include the following contents: orientation indication, location of the project under construction, locations of all kinds of machinery and equipment, locations of warehouses and materials, locations of temporary buildings, greening locations, hanging locations of safety signs, locations of fire-fighting equipment, smoking rest locations, locations of boiling water boilers and buckets, water (drainage), electricity trends, etc. The construction unit shall also set up public signs for project planning, environmental protection and energy conservation. All contents should correspond to the general situation of the project, and should be fixed firmly, neatly, beautifully and generously.
Second, the construction site must be closed for management. In the construction site within the urban planning area, the enclosure should be made of colored profiled steel plates (wind, snow load and other factors should be fully considered when fixing), and the color should be blue or blue-white; If masonry is used as the site enclosure, its thickness should not be less than 24 cm, the internal and external walls must be brushed with flour, and the upper part should be capped with cement mortar; The use of large outdoor billboards or signboards as enclosures should have sufficient anti-overturning and anti-theft functions. The enclosure must be made of hard materials, with a solid foundation, and the height should be higher than 1.8m (the main sections in urban areas should be higher than 2.5m). The enclosure must be firm, stable, neat and beautiful, and set continuously around the construction site. You can draw pictures or slogans on the enclosures of various materials to beautify and brighten the urban environment.
Three, the project under construction should be closed with dense mesh safety net, which not only protects the safety of workers, but also reduces the leakage of dust. Soft material enclosures can be used between multiple projects in residential areas, but hard enclosures should be set at the outermost periphery of concentrated residential areas. It is forbidden to use the enclosure as a retaining wall or pile up sundries on one side.
Four, the import and export of the construction site must set up a guard, the guard indoor bedding, items neatly arranged, clean and sanitary, indoor security system, the guard on duty table, and the implementation of foreign personnel registration and the guard shift record system, security responsibility should be broken down to individuals, the project department managers are security personnel, and public security precautions should be formulated to prevent theft.
Five, all personnel entering the construction site must wear safety helmets correctly, and the doorman should set up a spare safety helmet storage place with at least ten qualified safety helmets. The guards shall register and manage the spare helmets. All staff on the construction site must wear work cards, which should be uniform, and should indicate their names, positions and jobs, and post photos. Managers' work cards should be black and white, while others should be black and white.
Six, the construction site should be unified planning construction road, smooth, solid, hardening, loess is not open. The main road section from the site gate to the urban area must be hardened with concrete, and the main road in the site gate (from the gate to the storage yard) must also be hardened with concrete. Before foundation pit excavation, each construction site must be equipped with a flushing pump and a floor drain grate for vehicles to enter and leave. Equipment placement point, yard, office and dormitory doors must be hardened. As far as possible, ring roads are set around the building to meet the traffic and fire protection requirements. Other sections or sites shall be compacted and leveled with prefabricated blocks or stone chips, cinders and bricks. All roads must be kept flat, solid, flat and tidy, so as to ensure that there is no water in rainy days, no dust in sunny days, and no mud leakage when vehicles enter and leave the gate. The road shall be convex, the hardening width shall be 5m, the turning radius of freight cars shall not be less than 15m, and the gradient shall be 5‰.
Seven, before the project starts, the construction site should be unified planning construction water and drainage, determine the overall water slope direction, all roads on both sides, around the temporary facilities, tower crane foundation, mixer sedimentation tank, around the scaffolding, around the total distribution box and distribution box, around the equipment and other equipment in the reinforcement work area, should set up organized drainage ditch or sedimentation tank, drainage slope is obvious, the width of drainage ditch is 30cm, the depth is 10cm, and both sides should be. The construction site must have measures to prevent mud and sewage from flowing out or blocking sewers and drainage channels, and conform to the layout of the construction site drainage general plan.
Eight, the construction site should be reasonably planned according to the general layout, there must be a clear division of office area, living area and construction area, and each area should be separated from each other. Office area and living area should not be set within the radius of tower crane rotary operation. In case of small space, the office area and living area must be covered with 5 cm thick wooden boards to prevent damage, and rainproof measures should be taken. Office and living facilities should not be set within the safe distance of high-voltage line discharge. Living facilities should be more than 30m away from the toilet.
Nine, the construction site materials, components, materials must be stacked and set according to the location indicated in the general plan. Materials should be stacked neatly, beautifully and orderly. A 50-45 cm hard material identification plate should be hung or fixed, indicating the name, variety, specification, quantity, origin and inspection status of the material.
Ten, the construction site construction waste should be classified according to the variety, name and other signs indicate the location of the centralized stacking, centralized removal. Flammable and explosive articles shall be stored in different categories, and there shall be identification plates indicating varieties, specifications and performance. All kinds of materials, garbage and articles should be piled up neatly, cleanly and orderly, and the name of the responsible person should be indicated in the sign column, so that the site can be cleaned after work, and the site can be kept clean and tidy, and a daily cleaning system should be established, and the responsibility should be assigned to people.
Eleven, the construction site machinery and equipment (concrete pump, mixer, wheel saw, hoist, cutting machine, bending machine, stirrup machine, toothless saw, etc. ) must use stereotypes, easy to disassemble tools, convenient dust shed. The roof should meet the requirements of bearing and rainproof, and the protective roof within the falling radius of high-rise building construction or construction should have the function of preventing smashing. It should be paved with 5 cm thick boards, with 20 cm hard fenders around the roof and 50 cm red and white paint or sprayed with humanized safety slogans on the outside. Around the protective shed, there are 1.2-0.6m equipment acceptance cards, safety operation procedures cards and 45-60cm safety warning signs.
Twelve, the construction site should be set up office, conference room, reference room, guard duty room and other office facilities; Living facilities such as dormitory, canteen, toilet, shower room, boiling water room, reading room, recreation room and health room; Production facilities such as warehouses, protective sheds, processing sheds and operation sheds; Auxiliary facilities such as roads, on-site drainage facilities, fences, gates, water supply places, smoking places, closed garbage stations (or containers), washing facilities, and building materials used in all temporary facilities shall meet the requirements of environmental protection and fire control.
Thirteen, the office facilities and temporary facilities built on the construction site must be finalized and instrumentalized, and heat insulation and environmental protection color steel plates should be adopted. The cornice at the bottom of the facility is not less than 2.5m in height, and the lighting return lamp is set along the roof, with the height above 2.4m. Each room must be provided with a single leakage protector. The ground should be paved with marble, floor tiles or calendered with cement mortar. Facilities should be placed in a neat, orderly and beautiful way, and have the functions of rain, smashing and wind load resistance. If masonry is used as the enclosure structure, the internal and external walls of the facility must be plastered and painted, and there must be organized drainage measures around the facility. The door of the facility must be opened outward, and a sign with facility function should be set on one side, which should be clear, neat, beautiful and generous. All facilities should be well ventilated, with screen doors and screens to prevent flies and mosquitoes in summer, and measures to keep warm and prevent gas poisoning in winter.
Fourteen, when the project starts, there must be a greening plan. Evergreen seedlings should be considered for cross-year projects, and planting flowers can be combined with field planting and potted plants. The greening part includes: on both sides of the gate of the construction site, on both sides of the road, in front of the office area, in front of the living area, around the enclosure of the construction site, etc. The total green area should reach more than 30m2.
Fifteen, the construction site should be set up emergency room, equipped with drugs, equipment, set up full-time and part-time emergency personnel. The staff canteen should be kept clean and hygienic, and the tiles of the canteen stove should be attached to the ceiling. Canteen must have hygiene license, chef's health certificate and canteen hygiene management system. Raw and cooked chopping boards should be separated, and measures should be taken to prevent flies and mosquitoes in summer. The canteen should be equipped with clean and pure boiling water places to meet the supply, and environmental protection and energy-saving electric water heaters must be used. Staff quarters should be kept warm to prevent gas poisoning, heatstroke and mosquito bites. It is strictly forbidden for employees to set up dormitory in uncompleted residential flats. Beds and daily necessities in the dormitory should be neatly arranged, with cupboards, shoe cabinets, health duty tables and dormitory management systems, and the surrounding environment of the dormitory should be kept clean; Toilets should meet the requirements of health management. Toilets shall be set according to the setting requirements of every 15 people 1 squatting position (there shall be no less than 5 squatting positions for men's toilets and no less than 3 squatting positions for women's toilets). Squat toilets must be flushed, toilet walls must be painted, there must be screen doors and screens at the door, and septic tanks must be covered.
Sixteen, the construction site to establish a publicity and education system, the establishment of "five columns and one newspaper", "five columns and one newspaper" publicity column, newspaper reading column, workers' rights protection notice secondary reporting supervision telephone column, staff wages bulletin board, blackboard newspaper. The board content should be unified, so as to be concise, neat, firm, beautiful and generous. According to the engineering situation and construction stage, set up, hang and post humanized safety slogans, banners and safety signs such as prohibition, warning, instructions and tips at the construction site. All kinds of safety signs must conform to national standards, be complete, clean and eye-catching, and be hung correctly. According to the general layout of the construction site, the hanging height should be 2.0 ~ 3.5m ..
Seventeen, the construction site should establish a fire prevention system and fire emergency mechanism, the implementation of fire prevention measures, equipped with sufficient fire equipment. The hot work approval procedure and hot work monitoring system shall be strictly implemented for open work. The warehouse and yard where all kinds of building materials and equipment are stacked on the construction site, offices, dormitories, canteens, dressing rooms, temporary substations (boxes), acetylene generator rooms, warehouses (electricians) for painting inflammable and explosive dangerous goods and other temporary facilities. Are the key parts of fire control, set fire signs, and implement the responsibility system by special personnel. Buildings with a height of more than 30m should be equipped with high-pressure pumps, special fire water sources and fire risers, and each floor should be equipped with fire water source interfaces.
Eighteen, the construction unit should abide by the laws and regulations on environmental protection, do a good job of environmental protection in the construction site. It is strictly forbidden to burn all kinds of wastes such as decorative garbage, linoleum and garbage containing toxic and harmful chemical components at the construction site to prevent air pollution; The staff canteen should be provided with a grease trap, and the sewer pipes of the washing pool and shower room should be provided with an isolation net and connected with the municipal sewage pipe to ensure smooth drainage; The septic tank of the toilet should be impervious to prevent sewage pollution; The construction site shall take measures such as noise elimination, sound absorption and sound insulation to control and reduce the noise of construction machines and tools that produce noise and vibration, and detect and record the noise on the construction site. If it is really necessary to carry out strong noise construction from 22: 00 to 6: 00 the next day, it shall be approved by the relevant departments before night construction can be carried out, and the nearby residents shall be announced. When transporting sand and gravel, earthwork, muck and construction waste by construction vehicles, sealing and covering measures shall be taken to avoid leakage and scattering, and dumping shall be carried out at designated places to prevent solid waste from polluting the environment. The construction site should strengthen the comprehensive management of public security and community service, establish on-site public security system, implement public security preventive measures, and avoid theft and nuisance incidents.
Nineteen, the construction site should establish measures not to disturb the people, to avoid disputes caused by dust, noise, smoke, lighting and other disturbing people, affecting the construction. There should be responsible persons to manage and check the implementation of measures that do not disturb the people, contact the residents in the surrounding communities regularly, listen to their opinions, adopt and handle reasonable opinions in time, and make good work records.
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