Under the condition of market economy, influenced by the negative effect of market economy and the moral "empty field" in the transformation of old and new moral principles in social transformation period, social morality has appeared some confusion and disorder. The clamor of social profit-seeking slogan, the publicity of individual supremacy, the expansion of money desire, the widening gap between the rich and the poor, the decline of social atmosphere, the deviation of moral evaluation and so on. , all increase the difficulty of contemporary youth's moral choice, and make some young people have different degrees of moral decline, spiritual loss, confusion of right and wrong, and weak public morality consciousness. Of course, there are many reasons for this phenomenon. I think one of the most important reasons is that contemporary young people lack introspection and self-discipline and do not pay attention to moral cultivation. Strengthening the introspection consciousness of contemporary youth and cultivating their self-discipline spirit are the key links to improve their moral cultivation and cultivate their moral personality.
Introspection is an important method of self-cultivation put forward by Confucianism. There is a saying in The Analects that "I save my life three times a day", which means that I have to check and reflect on my words and deeds repeatedly every day in order to find that I have violated the requirements of etiquette and morality and correct it in time. Confucianism further set out from the viewpoint of "learning for oneself" and stipulated the ideal realm that moral personality should reach-cautious independence. "For yourself" here does not mean seeking personal gain, but means that moral cultivation is not for others to see, but for one's own moral enrichment and perfection. Caution and independence mean that when you are alone and no one is paying attention, your actions should be cautious and meticulous to prevent immoral thoughts and behaviors that do not meet moral requirements. Generally speaking, people can do what they are asked to do under discipline and supervision, but when the external pressure disappears, their demands on themselves will be relaxed and their behavior may deviate. Cautious touch is a higher requirement for people's moral cultivation, and it is also more difficult to do. However, only by raising people's moral cultivation to this level can social moral norms and ethical requirements truly take root in people's hearts, internalize them into people's moral consciousness and guide people's moral practice. Only in this way can the whole society become an orderly, rational and moral society.
Moral personality refers to the moral provisions of individual personality, which is the sum of individual virtue, sentiment and conduct. Moral personality, as a symbol of measuring individual humanity, is the result of human efforts to enhance humanity and reduce or get rid of animality. It marks the level of everyone's moral realm and is the organic integration of individual moral understanding, moral emotion, moral will, moral belief and moral habits. Moral personality is not innate and self-contained, but gradually formed through people's acceptance of various moral education and their own efforts to cultivate and practice. Introspection and caution always play an important role in the formation of moral personality.
First of all, through introspection and self-discipline, contemporary youth can enhance their consciousness and sense of urgency in cultivating noble moral personality.
Paying attention to moral cultivation and shaping noble moral personality is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation and an important pillar of the formation of national spirit and national integrity. Confucianism regards morality as the highest value it pursues, takes moral perfection as "pleasure" and takes moral decay as "shame" The opening words of the Confucian classic "University" are "the way of university lies in mingde". In other words, all kinds of knowledge in the world, especially being a man, are called universities. The way to be a man lies in understanding and pursuing the highest virtue, being aboveboard and impartial. Confucianism also put forward a set of unique "rule by virtue" theories, such as self-cultivation, keeping the family in order and governing the country by virtue. Self-cultivation is the foundation, so that the family can be well maintained and the country can be well governed. In Confucianism, there are many discussions and methods about self-cultivation, but they all take introspection as the starting point and foundation, and caution as the pursuit and destination. Without introspection, there is no cultivation; Without prudence and independence, it is impossible to reach a higher moral realm. This is the essence of self-cultivation of the Chinese nation and our precious spiritual wealth. If we want to vigorously carry forward the self-cultivation of the Chinese nation, we must guide contemporary young people to enhance their self-examination consciousness and carry forward the spirit of self-discipline. A person who lacks introspection will not know his own shortcomings, nor will he have the desire and urgency to cultivate self-cultivation, so it is impossible to cultivate moral personality. The ancients said: learn first and then know the shortcomings. "Learning" here can be extended to learning, reflection and awareness-raising. Therefore, guiding contemporary youth to learn self-examination and reflection is the first step to cultivate noble moral personality. Facts have proved that if a person lacks the pursuit of moral ideals, introspection consciousness and introspection behavior, it is easy to be enslaved by external forces and go to mediocrity or even sink. Through introspection, young friends can often check their words and deeds, think about their gains and losses, good and evil, right and wrong, carry out positive ideological struggles, consciously correct the deviation of words and deeds, constantly put forward higher moral requirements for themselves, and complete the behavioral transformation from spontaneity to consciousness, from appearance to heart, from passivity to initiative, from heteronomy to self-discipline, thus raising their moral cultivation to a new level.
Secondly, through introspection and cautious independence, contemporary youth can improve their moral awareness and enhance their moral feelings. Moral cognition is people's perception and thinking about social moral relations and ethical ways, including the accumulation of moral experience, the formation of moral values, the study of moral theoretical knowledge and the understanding and mastery of moral principles and norms. Moral cognition is the premise for people to accept moral knowledge and practice moral requirements and gradually form individual moral quality, and it is also the starting point for the formation of moral personality. Therefore, Confucianism attaches great importance to the role of moral knowledge in moral personality, regards it as an essential element of moral personality, and emphasizes "knowing clearly means doing nothing" In the process of people's cognition of moral relations and moral norms, moral emotions will be formed, that is, people's emotional attitudes and behaviors towards moral relations and moral norms in real life, such as likes and dislikes. Once moral emotion is formed, it becomes a relatively stable force, affecting people's moral behavior, thus affecting the formation of people's moral personality. Introspection and cautious independence play an important role in the formation of moral cognition and moral emotion. Especially for contemporary youth, they often lack the ability of political discrimination, ideological cognition, psychological adjustment and behavioral self-control without being tempered by hard environment and social life. This immaturity makes them vulnerable to various negative factors in society, and their moral understanding is superficial, chaotic and even biased; Indifferent and contradictory in moral feelings, even going to the opposite; Moral will is weak, lax or even declining; In moral behavior, it is disorderly, changeable and even out of control. Through regular and repeated self-examination, self-reflection and self-urging, contemporary youth can further understand themselves, analyze themselves and grasp themselves, improve their self-cognition level and rational thinking ability, so as to distinguish right from wrong, know good and evil, distinguish beauty from ugliness, correctly handle the relationship between themselves, others and society, consciously use social moral principles and norms to restrain themselves, improve their moral understanding and enhance their moral feelings. The so-called "seeing Si Qi, not seeing him" refers to this process. What we usually call "learning from mistakes" also refers to improving one's level of understanding and ability to do things through the analysis and reflection on one's own mistakes, so as to reach a new height. In this way, through constant comparison between good and evil, understanding of evil, struggle between public and private, and contest between reason and desire, young friends can improve their moral awareness, strengthen their moral beliefs, cultivate their moral feelings, consciously overcome their weaknesses in conduct, form good moral habits and shape their noble moral personality.
Third, we can cultivate the moral will of contemporary youth and strengthen their moral beliefs through introspection and cautious independence.
Moral will is the tenacious perseverance and strong spirit that people consciously overcome human weakness and bad moral factors in the process of practicing moral obligations. It is the combination of knowledge, emotion and action, and it is the key link in the formation of moral personality. Because the strength of moral willpower determines whether a person can persist in justice and overcome himself in moral activities. "The three armies can win the handsome, but the ordinary man can't win the ambition." (The Analects of Confucius Zi Han) This self-sustaining character is a manifestation of strong willpower. Under its control, moral personality can be "rich but not lewd, poor and unyielding". In any case, it exudes the brilliance of personality. Moral will is also manifested in indomitable perseverance and indomitable heroism. In the process of cultivating moral personality, we need the support of this moral will, such as "perseverance, a stone can be carved", so that we can concentrate, persevere, overcome difficulties, overcome ourselves, accumulate good deeds and form a noble moral personality. It can be seen that the formation of noble moral personality is not an easy task. It is a painful process of self-denial, self-transformation and self-education. We should get rid of our own shortcomings, eliminate our own stubborn diseases and declare war on ourselves through "introspection and private prosecution". We should "be hard on ourselves" by "being cautious and independent", put forward higher moral requirements for ourselves and realize moral self-transcendence. In this process, without introspection, moral will cannot be tempered and forged; Without "cautious independence", moral will cannot be promoted and sublimated. The complexity and variability of the living space and social stage owned by contemporary youth increase the importance and urgency of cultivating their moral will, and at the same time put forward higher requirements for their moral understanding and moral will. This is different from their parents. Their fathers lived in an era of unity and no choice, while contemporary youth faced too many choices and temptations. Therefore, without correct moral understanding and tenacious moral will, it is difficult for contemporary youth to grasp themselves, overcome themselves and surpass themselves in the complicated social environment and realize the continuous sublimation of moral realm. Moral belief means that people sincerely believe in certain moral requirements and ideals, and thus form a strong sense of responsibility for moral obligations. It is the internal basis for adjusting people's behavior and moral relationship and the core of moral personality. Moral beliefs formed on the basis of moral cognition, moral emotion and moral will affect people's moral behavior and play an important role in the formation of people's moral personality. The formation of people's moral belief is also the result of frequent self-reflection activities in accordance with certain moral principles and norms.
Finally, through introspection and cautious independence, cultivate the self-discipline consciousness of contemporary youth and develop good moral habits.
The formation of moral personality depends on the individual's moral cultivation, and the process of moral cultivation is the process of self-transformation, self-Zhi Tao, self-exercise and self-cultivation in moral quality and moral thought. In short, it is a process of self-reflection. Therefore, in the process of the formation of moral personality, Confucianism repeatedly stressed the need to "seek for oneself" and strive for the inner world. In fact, we are asking ourselves to educate ourselves and improve ourselves, which requires us to cultivate self-discipline awareness and carry forward self-discipline spirit. Without this spirit, any "indoctrination" will not be internalized into people's moral knowledge and beliefs, and then externalized into people's moral behavior and form good moral habits. In this way, moral education will fail. The cultivation of moral personality is a process of getting rid of the old and welcoming the new. In this process, the necessary external conditions and influences are indispensable, but this is "external cause" after all, and it is inseparable from the role of "self". It is necessary to reflect on and dissect one's thoughts, words and deeds at any time and place, and to "go to court" with oneself. In this process, without a high degree of self-discipline, determination and courage of self-dissection, the contradiction between two opposing moral concepts and personality standards will be covered up, "lawsuits" will not be fought, and even fallacies will prevail, so it is impossible to realize the sublimation of moral personality. Especially under the condition of market economy, in the period of social transformation, the transformation of old and new systems, the collision of old and new concepts, and the conflict between Chinese and western cultures make all kinds of moral concepts and values coexist and mix, which greatly affects the moral choice and moral behavior of contemporary youth. In this case, if you lack the spirit of self-discipline, you will feel confused, confused, at a loss, and even go with the flow and give up on yourself. Therefore, only with self-discipline consciousness can we give full play to the subjective initiative of the personality subject, keep a clear head, think independently, make scientific decisions, make correct choices and move towards a higher moral realm in the complex social environment. The cultivation of self-discipline consciousness is a process of continuous accumulation and practice, which permeates every specific process of the above-mentioned long-term "introspection" and "cautious independence".
Noble moral personality is marked by the formation of good moral habits. Therefore, shaping moral personality must be based on cultivating good moral habits and take moral practice as an important link in cultivating moral personality. No matter how high the moral consciousness is, no matter how good the moral norms are, they can't play the role of self-cultivation. It is in this sense that Confucianism emphasizes "the unity of knowledge and action". Confucius said, "If you learn but don't do it, can you be happy?" Xunzi also said that "what you can't hear, what you see don't know, what you know don't do", emphasizing that what you hear, see, know and do is the most important. Wang Yangming further believes that "knowing what is good and doing it, those who don't know it are also." If you know evil and change it, the devil takes the hindmost "("Jia Yi's new book, major policies "), which means knowing good without doing it, knowing evil without changing it, is not only useless, but also harmful. Only when individuals devote themselves to practice can they acquire moral knowledge, cultivate moral feelings, form moral beliefs and guide moral behavior. Only by "introspection" according to the results of practice can we find the defects of our moral personality and practice our moral personality. Only in practice can we demand ourselves in the actual struggle between public and private, right and wrong, good and evil, truth and falsehood, beauty and ugliness, and realize "cautious independence" Without practice, the individual's good and evil will not be produced, there will be no performance, and there will be no correct understanding of oneself. Of course, the cultivation of moral personality is just empty talk.
"Sages are handsome". Morality is the soul of talents. With virtue, people can truly contribute to the country and the people, develop their potential, hone their abilities and truly become talents.