Characteristics of Total Quality Management
1. It is comprehensive and controls all links and stages of product quality; 2. It is the quality management of the whole process; 3. Quality management with full participation; 4. Quality management with the participation of the whole society.
Basic viewpoints of total quality management
The viewpoint of serving users
In an enterprise, the next process that receives products from the previous process for reproduction is the user of the previous process. "Serving users" and "the next working procedure is users" are a basic viewpoint of total quality management. The quality of the final product can be improved by controlling the quality of each process.
The viewpoint of overall management
The so-called total management is the management of the whole process, the management of the whole enterprise and the management of all employees. 1. Total process management Total quality management requires comprehensive control of the product production process. 2. Enterprise-wide management An important feature of enterprise-wide management is that it emphasizes that quality management is not limited to the quality management department, and requires all units and departments affiliated to the enterprise to participate in quality management and be responsible for product quality. 3. Total staff management Total quality management requires that the quality control work be implemented to every employee, so that every employee cares about product quality.
Prevention-oriented view
Prevention first means to control the product quality in advance, nip in the bud, and control every working procedure within the controllable range.
The point of view of speaking with data
Scientific quality management must be based on correct data processing, analysis and processing, find out the rules, and then make a correct judgment on the existing problems and take correct measures in combination with professional technology and actual situation.
Four stages of quality control
Quality control is generally divided into four stages: the first stage is called planning stage, also called P stage. The main content of this stage is to find out the user's requirements for product quality and determine the quality policy, quality objectives and quality plan through market research, user visits and national planning instructions. The second stage is the implementation stage, also known as the D stage (Do). This stage is to implement the contents stipulated in the P stage, such as product design, trial production and testing according to quality standards, including personnel training before the implementation of the plan. The third stage is the Check stage, also known as the C stage (check). This stage is mainly to check whether the implementation meets the expected results of the plan during or after the implementation of the plan. The last stage is the processing stage, also known as stage A (action). Mainly according to the inspection results, take corresponding measures. "Every link needs quality: learning, thinking, analyzing, evaluating and improving. Reliable products: timely completion and uniform quality. Smoother communication channels: listen, ask and speak bravely. "
Question 2: What benefits does TQM bring to enterprises? The so-called competition is the competition of quality. In today's increasingly fierce market competition, how to improve quality of enterprise is a problem that must be faced. Quality system is a comprehensive system with full participation and comprehensive control, and its core is to meet the explicit or implicit quality requirements of customers. Its documented system has a strong binding force, which runs through the whole process of the whole system, making all links in the system interlocking, supervising and promoting each other. The disconnection or failure of any link may directly or indirectly affect other departments or other links, and even affect the whole system. The following author will talk about some personal views on enterprise certification.
First, the significance of enterprise implementation
1, strengthen quality management and improve enterprise efficiency.
For enterprises, quality management can be carried out in accordance with the strictly audited international quality system, so as to truly meet the requirements of legalization and scientificity, greatly improve work efficiency and product qualification rate, and quickly improve the economic and social benefits of enterprises. For the outside of the enterprise, when customers know that the supplier has been managed according to international standards, and has obtained the quality system certification certificate, and there is regular supervision by the certification body, they can be sure that the enterprise is a trustworthy enterprise that can stably produce qualified products or even excellent products, so as to safely conclude a supply and marketing contract with the enterprise, thereby expanding the market share of the enterprise.
2. Obtaining an international trade pass is conducive to crossing the technical barriers of international trade.
In order to protect their own interests, many countries have set up various trade barriers, including tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers. Among them, non-tariff barriers mainly refer to technical barriers. Among the technical barriers, the main ones are product quality certification and quality system certification. Especially in the World Trade Organization, tariff barriers are eliminated among member countries, so obtaining certification is the main way to eliminate trade barriers.
3. Save the energy and cost of the second-party audit.
In modern trade practice, although the second-party audit has long been a practice, it has gradually discovered its huge disadvantages: on the one hand, a supplier usually has to supply multiple demanders, and the second-party audit will undoubtedly bring a heavy burden to the supplier; On the other hand, the buyer has to pay a considerable sum of money, and sometimes it can't achieve the expected purpose. Only authentication can eliminate these shortcomings. Because as a production enterprise of Party A, after applying for the third-party certification and obtaining the certification certificate, there is no need for many second parties to audit Party A, so both Party A and Party B can save a lot of energy or expenses. In addition, if an enterprise applies for product certification such as UL after obtaining the certification, it can also save the cost of repeated certification of the enterprise system by the certification body.
4. Be in an invincible position in product quality competition.
It was born in the market economy environment, summed up the advanced management experience of enterprises in developed countries, provided scientific guidance for enterprises to improve their management level and product/service quality, and found a common language for enterprises to enter the international market.
This series expounds the basic requirements of customers for enterprises under the conditions of market economy. Through this series of implementation and the implementation of quality system certification, the enterprise proves its ability to meet customer requirements and provide qualified products/services. This has played a positive role in standardizing the market behavior of enterprises and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.
The series is a summary of the scientific management experience of enterprises in developed countries. Through the implementation of standards and certification, enterprises can find effective ways to speed up the transformation of operating mechanism, consolidate the technical foundation and improve internal management.
Mainly reflected in:
Enhance the market awareness and quality awareness of enterprises.
Through the implementation of standards and certification, guide enterprises to establish the business philosophy of meeting customer requirements, paying attention to product/service quality and seeking benefits from the market by competitive means.
Stabilize and improve the quality of products/services.
By implementing standards and certification, enterprises can continuously and effectively control various factors and links that affect products/services, and stabilize and improve the quality of products/services.
Improve the overall management level
Through the implementation of standards and certification, the quality awareness and management awareness of all employees in the enterprise have been enhanced; Promote enterprise management from the rule of man to the rule of law, clarify various management responsibilities and working procedures, and have rules to follow in all work, so that leaders can get out of daily things and concentrate on key tasks; Through internal audit and management review, problems are found and improved in time, which enables enterprises to establish a mechanism of self-improvement and self-improvement.
Enhance market competitiveness
Pass the standard implementation and certification ... >>
Question 3: What is the definition of total quality management? It refers to all activities that all departments, organizations and personnel of an enterprise take product quality as the core, establish a scientific, strict and efficient quality assurance system, control the factors affecting quality in the production process, and provide products that meet the needs of users in the most economical way with high-quality work.
Question 4: What is the meaning of total quality management? Total Quality Management (TQC) refers to the comprehensive and systematic management activities carried out by enterprises to ensure and improve product quality by using a set of quality management systems, means and methods. It is a scientific modern quality management method.
Question 5: The three meanings of TQM summarize the basic requirements of TQM. It refers to the whole staff, the whole process, the whole enterprise and the multi-method quality management.
① The whole process of quality management should embody the ideas of prevention first, continuous improvement and customer service;
(2) Manage the quality of all employees and do a good job in the education and training of all employees; It is necessary to formulate a quality responsibility system for all departments and personnel, and implement responsibility, right and benefit; Carry out various forms of mass quality management activities;
(3) Quality management of the whole enterprise. In order to ensure and improve product quality, all activities of enterprise research, maintenance and quality improvement must form an effective whole.
Question 6: What are the characteristics of total quality management? To sum up, it is "three all" and "four all".
Sanquan
"Three aspects"-refers to the management of total quality, whole process and full participation.
1. Total Quality Management
In the past, when we talked about quality, we often referred to product quality, including performance, life, reliability and safety, which is the so-called narrow quality concept. Of course, product quality is very important. However, no matter how good the product quality is, if the manufacturing cost is high and the sales price is expensive, it is not welcomed by users. Even if the product quality is good and the cost is low, it should be delivered in time and the service is good, so as to be truly welcomed by users. Therefore, enterprises must attach importance to product quality, cost quality, delivery quality and service quality. The whole content of these qualities is the so-called generalized quality view, that is, total quality. It can be seen that quality management must manage all the contents of this generalized quality.
Product quality+cost+delivery date+service = total quality
2. Whole process management
How is the product formed? It is the whole process including a series of activities of enterprises. This process includes market research, research, design, trial production, design and manufacture of technology and tooling, supply of raw materials, manufacture, inspection and delivery, and sales service. Users' opinions are fed back to the enterprise for improvement, and the whole process can be regarded as a cyclical process. It can be seen that the improvement of product quality depends on the improvement of work quality in every link of the whole process. Therefore, quality management must manage every link of this whole process.
3. Management with the participation of all personnel
Product quality is a comprehensive reflection of many links and work of an enterprise. Every job in every link involves people. No one in an enterprise, whether in front of or behind the stage, in the workshop or in the department, has a direct or indirect relationship with product quality. Everyone attaches importance to product quality, finds out the factors related to product quality from their own work, and improves them, and the product quality will continue to improve. Therefore, quality management is everyone's responsibility. Only when everyone cares about quality and is highly responsible for quality can the quality of products be truly improved and guaranteed. Therefore, quality management must be managed by all employees.
Four things
"Four Everything"-that is, everything is for users, everything is based on prevention, everything is based on data, and all work is carried out according to PDCA cycle.
1. Everything is for users-establish the concept of quality first.
Products are produced to meet the needs of users. Therefore, enterprises should regard users as the object of their service and the specific content of serving the people. In order to maintain the reputation of products, we must establish the idea of quality first, and provide users with technical services in time while providing users with high quality and low price products.
The slogan "The next process is the user" should be vigorously advocated and implemented in enterprises. As we know, every department and employee in the enterprise has a relative relationship before and after or up and down in their work, and they all have a work service object. The work service object can be regarded as the next process. In enterprises, the idea of quality first is embodied in the action of better serving the next working procedure.
2. Everything is based on prevention-good products are designed and produced.
Quality is the most important requirement of users for enterprises. How to understand the warranty? At present, there are two one-sided views: one thinks that the quality can be guaranteed by resolutely implementing the "three guarantees" system; Another view is that as long as the inspection is strict, the quality is guaranteed. These views are misunderstandings about quality assurance. Because of this kind of after-the-fact inspection, it is impossible to fundamentally guarantee the quality by focusing on the inspection. If the problem of defective products is not solved, defective products will still be produced, resulting in an increase in product costs. Because quality is not formed in one step, nor is it formed suddenly in the last process, but gradually. Therefore, it is necessary and possible to control all the factors that affect the production process in the process. This is the passive "check-in" of product inspection in the past, and it has changed from "prevention first" to "prevention", combining prevention with inspection, and taking "pre-control" as the active "prevention". Obviously, the products produced in this way are naturally good. So good products are designed and produced, not tested.
3. Everything speaks with data-processing data with statistical methods.
"Everything speaks with data" means judging things with data and facts, not by impression.
Data collection should have a clear purpose. In order to explain the problem correctly, we must accumulate ... >; & gt