Qinling Mountain is an important geographical dividing line between north and south in China and the "Alps" in China. Its northern slope is one of the regions with the richest ecotourism resources in China, and it is also an important part of the national ecological protection zone. Since the reform and opening up, many eco-tourism areas have been developed in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. Mainly include: Tianshui Maijishan Scenic Area, Tiantai Mountain National Forest Park, Diaoyutai Scenic Area, Wuzhangyuan Scenic Area, red river valley National Forest Park, Taibai Mountain National Forest Park, Xitangyu National Forest Park, Heihe National Forest Park, Louguantai National Forest Park, Qinling National Botanical Garden, Suzaku National Forest Park, Taiping National Forest Park, Xi 'an Qinling Wildlife Park, Cuihuashan National Geopark, Zhong Nanshan National Forest Park and Nanwutai. There are 15 national forest ridge parks, geological parks and botanical gardens. In addition, a large number of world-class, national and provincial cultural tourist areas have been built in the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains. Such as the Terracotta Warriors Museum, the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, the Qing Palace in Tang Dynasty, the Lantian Ape Site, the Land and Water Temple, Xingjiao Temple, Ji Xiang Temple, Caotang Temple, Zhuge Liang Temple, Diaoyutai, Yandiling and Maijishan Grottoes. The development of these scenic spots has played an important role in the development of tourism in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone.

First, there are still some shortcomings in the development of ecotourism in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains.

1, the forest park is homogeneous, and the characteristics of scenic spots are not obvious. Many forest parks have been built in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, but the increase in the number has not fundamentally changed the composition of tourism products. The influence of ecotourism is limited to provinces or regions, lacking world-class ecotourism products. First, the landscape elements are generally mountains, water, forests, grass, temples and so on in the north, which are not monopolistic and unique. Second, the planning and design are the same or similar. If you have been to a park, you don't have to go to other parks. Third, the lack of tourism functions, basically all sightseeing products, strong participation, leisure vacation, experience amusement scenic spots less. Fourth, the characteristics of scenic spots are not obvious. On the side of a thousand gardens, tourists lack freshness and strangeness. The tourist area lacks key elements such as "novelty, novelty, uniqueness, beauty, interest and play", which seriously weakens the attraction of tourism to tourists.

2. The connection between forest parks is poor, lacking of joint line design and scale advantage. Due to the differentiation of natural geographical pattern and different administrative subordination, there is no idea of horizontal cooperation and development, and the relationship between forest parks is dominated by competition, with little cooperation; The relationship between space, industry and management is poor, and the situation of "going its own way" is more common. The lack of design and operation of tourist routes running through several parks has seriously reduced the "comprehensive tourism cohesion" of the forest park at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, which makes the original unique scale advantage of the northern foot of Qinling Mountains unable to be fully exerted, and affects the market competitiveness and economic benefits of forest park tourism development.

Secondly, the management system of each forest park is fragmented and fragmented, which has become one of the difficult problems in the development of eco-tourism in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. With the diversification of administrative management and management subjects, the weak environmental supervision force is weakened due to too many management links and staggered management authority, which further reduces the management performance and ecological benefits of forest parks.

3. The tourism market is mostly in the local area, and there are not many foreign and international tourists. Nowadays, the northern foot of Qinling Mountain has become a good place for tourists in Guanzhong area to relax on holidays. However, the superficial prosperity can't hide our deep thinking about the long-term tourism development potential at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. The market survey shows that the tourist market at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain is mostly regional, lacking inter-provincial tourists and international tourists, which makes the eco-tourism at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain become a kind of "self-entertainment" regional tourism, but not a national or even international tourism.

4. Tourism image lacks vitality and its influence is weak. Whether the tourism image is distinctive, unique and attractive is the key to attracting a tourist destination. In the process of tourism development, the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains just lacks a distinctive, unique and dynamic tourism image, and so far there has not been a unified tourism identification system that can reflect the characteristics. The lack of foreign tourism image and its slogan restricts the development of its own potential and advantages from within the tourism development mechanism, which has become one of the key restrictive factors for the development of eco-tourism.

5. Lack of super hot spots and scenic spots. There are many ecological scenic spots at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain, but there are not many scenic spots with super influence. The phenomenon of "the sky is full of stars, but the moon is not seen" is caused, and there are no large-scale planning, high-investment construction and high-level design projects and scenic spots. Yuntai Mountain, nearby Henan Province, has turned a very common scenic spot into a national famous world geological park in a short period of time this year, with an annual reception of nearly 3 million tourists and a tourism income of more than 200 million, which is beyond our reach. It is also an urgent task for us to build a "moon"-driven tourist attraction at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains and learn from the experience of Yuntai Mountain in Henan Province.

Second, the strategic analysis of ecotourism development in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains

1. Create an eco-tourism corridor and build a spatial layout of "collecting pearls with one axis". Relying on the excellent eco-tourism resource endowment of the mountain belt around the northern foot of Qinling Mountain, and drawing lessons from the basic idea of "point axis theory", this paper puts forward the spatial layout of the eco-tourism corridor at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain, which takes the tourist highway around the mountain as the axis and connects the eco-tourism areas at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain in series to form a candied gourd-shaped eco-tourism corridor pattern, establish a reasonable framework of the eco-tourism corridor at the northern foot of Qinling Mountain and build an east-west national-level eco-tourism corridor.

2. Promote the strengthening of ecological function at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains with "characteristic greening". The northern foot of the Qinling Mountains lies between the Qinling watershed and the southern edge of the Guanzhong Plain, which is a transitional zone between the mountains and the vast Guanzhong Plain. This area belongs to warm temperate and semi-humid area, and there are four landform types: Qinling Mountain, mountain ridge, loess residual slope and Yukou alluvial fan. Zonal soil is yellow brown soil, and vegetation is mainly evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest. It has rich natural resources and unique biodiversity pattern. Ecosystem is fragile and transitional, which is greatly influenced by human activities.

Qinling Mountain is the largest forest area in our province, with 2.475 million hectares of forest land, accounting for 54% of the forest land area in the province. Forest volume152.57 million cubic meters, accounting for 666.438+0% of the forest volume in the whole province. The total water resources in Qinling Mountains is 22.2 billion cubic meters, accounting for about 50% of the total water resources in Shaanxi Province. Among them, the water resources on the north slope are about 4 billion cubic meters, accounting for 6 1% of the total surface water resources in Guanzhong. It is the main recharge source of Weihe River, which is directly related to the domestic water consumption of urban residents in large and medium-sized cities such as Xi 'an and the industrial, agricultural and ecological water consumption of Qinchuan in 800 miles.

In addition, the northern foot of Qinling Mountain is located in a warm climate zone, with a long forest growth period and extremely high daily average concentration of negative ions. Taking advantage of this natural advantage, the strategy of "characteristic greening" is implemented: relying on more than 200 kilometers of tourist highway around the mountain, the characteristic green belt with a width of about 50 meters is built on both sides of the highway, and the green belt is divided into regional units, and each regional unit is rationally planned, and the characteristic landscape greening trees such as bamboo, ginkgo and Hongfeng are planted in an orderly manner, so that the tourist highway around the mountain can be built into a "characteristic greening corridor" at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains, creating a "new" and "strange".

3 efforts to create highlights and fine products, and promote the "Central China National Park" joint declaration. Qinling Mountain is an east-west ecological barrier that separates the north and south of China, and it is also a transitional zone where the creatures of China meet in the south, north, east and west. Chinese national geography once praised Qinling Mountain as a veritable "China Central National Park". Many experts and scholars also agree with this view. Located in the middle of China, Qinling Mountain is a mountain range that runs through the east and west and divides the land into north and south. It is not only of boundary significance to the climate, but also the intersection area of North and South cultures. At the same time, Qinling Mountain is one of the regions with the richest biodiversity in China.

Qinling Mountains pass through Shaanxi and eastern Gansu, stretching for about 500 kilometers, occupying a unique geographical position. The Qinling Mountains, which straddles the central part of the country, is the intersection of subtropical zone and warm temperate zone. There are also high-altitude mountains, low-altitude shallow hills and plains, which create different living environments for living things and lay the foundation for the existence of biodiversity. There are 3446 species of seed plants in Qinling Mountains, accounting for 14% of the total number of similar plants in China, including 192 species endemic to Qinling Mountains. There are 44 species of national protected plants, accounting for 9% of the total number of national protected plants; Mammals 144 species, accounting for 29% of the national total; There are 399 species of birds, accounting for 34% of the total number of birds in China. Among them, there are 28 species of national key protected plants and 56 species of national key protected wild animals. We should start with creating features and highlights, take advantage of the opportunity that the country is implementing the national park pilot project, and promote the forest parks at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains to jointly declare "Central China National Park", so as to make them enter the world natural heritage list in the medium and long term, and finally give Qinling the international status it deserves.

Take Maijishan, Taibai Mountain, Louguantai, Taiping, Suzaku, Zhong Nanshan, Cuihuashan and other well-known brands as the highlights and fine products of the forest park at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. While paying attention to construction and brand building, we should make each "bright spot" truly unique and have strong core appeal. For example, Taibai Mountain is located as "the main peak of Qinling Mountains, the highest peak in eastern Chinese mainland, and the Quaternary Glacier Natural Museum", Louguantai is located as "the first place in the world", Zhong Nanshan is located as "the crown of immortals and caves", and Cuihua Mountain is located as "China Landslide Geology and Geomorphology Museum". To create bright spots and fine products, we must pay attention to avoid the recurrence of homogeneous tourism resources development. Only in this way can the development of eco-tourism in the northern foot of Qinling Mountain really embark on the fast lane of development.

4. Create a unique tourism image of Qinling Mountain and promote the rapid development of tourism. Actively look for a tourism image that conforms to the characteristics of Qinling Mountains, and if necessary, collect tourism image propaganda slogans around the world, so as to not only obtain the image logo of Central Park, but also publicize and stir-fry Qinling Mountains. In order to establish their own green eco-tourism image, the vehicles in the park must be pollution-free. Tour guides should provide scenic spots and routes, introduce the visiting objects and protection significance in detail, introduce local cultural customs, and introduce animals and plants, unique scenery and specific provisions of environmental protection in scientific and accurate language as far as possible, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening environmental education and explaining nature. Tourism behavior should be green, that is, people's behavior should bear the responsibility and obligation of sustainable development. Most importantly, the behavior of forest workers is green. The staff is responsible for tracking and monitoring tourists' activities, guiding and reducing the damage to the environment, keeping tourists' use of natural ecosystems within the tolerance range of the system, and ensuring tourists' appreciation and understanding of the surrounding environment. The staff of the Green Education Center must have ecological knowledge, so that tourists can truly know and understand nature and love it. In addition, strengthen the combination of ecological scenic spots at the northern foot of Qinling Mountains; Actively carry out the route design and implementation of ecotourism; Creating Jiuzhaigou-style tourist attractions with national and international influence is also an important part of the development of eco-tourism in Qinling Mountains.

Shaanxi wants to include the Qinling Mountains in the world natural heritage and natural cultural heritage reserve list, which is praised by experts and scholars as a typical and complete example of traditional human settlements or natural ecosystems. Forest parks at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains will be promoted to jointly declare "China Central National Park", so as to make it into the World Natural Heritage List in the medium and long term, and finally give the Qinling Mountains its due international status. ... so Qinling belongs to the world natural heritage.