This paper expounds the concepts of low-carbon economy and low-carbon life and the relationship between them. "Low-carbon economy" is the response of the international community to the massive consumption of human beings.

Fossil energy and a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions lead to catastrophic changes in the global climate. "Low-carbon economy" not only means that the manufacturing industry should accelerate elutriation.

Eliminating backward production capacity with high energy consumption and high pollution is to guide the public to reflect on the bad habits of wasting energy and increasing pollution, so as to fully develop.

Tap the great potential of energy saving and emission reduction in consumption and life. It is pointed out that it is not enough for "low-carbon economy" to rely only on advanced technology, but also on "low-carbon economy"

Live "can achieve the purpose of emission reduction. And "low-carbon life" is a simple, simple, frugal and sustainable lifestyle. In order to realize a "low-carbon life",

Propaganda and guidance and system guarantee are indispensable.

Keywords: environmental science; Low carbon economy; Low-carbon life; Sustainable consumption

1 the concept and background of low-carbon economy

On June 5th this year, the theme of "World Environment Day" was: "Change traditional ideas and promote low-carbon economy" ("Get rid of habits!

Towards a low-carbon economy "). "Low-carbon economy" is the response of the international community to the massive consumption of fossil energy in recent years.

A new concept put forward by the catastrophic change of global climate caused by carbon dioxide emission. Its core is based on the market mechanism and through the institutional framework.

And promote the development and application of high-efficiency energy-saving technology, energy-saving technology, renewable energy technology and greenhouse gas emission reduction technology, and promote the development of the whole social economy in the direction of high energy efficiency, low energy consumption and low carbon emission.

Mode change

2 1 century, the global oil and gas resources are tightening, the pressure to ensure energy security is increasing, and the global environmental capacity bottleneck is prominent. At the same time,

Climate change has also become the biggest "market failure" problem in human history. In this context, Britain took the lead in proposing a "low-carbon economy"

Economy "concept, and in 2003 issued the" White Paper on Energy "(the future of British energy-creating a low-carbon economy). Now, Europe and America are developed.

The state vigorously promotes the "low-carbon revolution" with high energy efficiency and low emissions as the core, and vigorously develops "low-carbon technologies" to provide services for industry, energy, technology,

Trade and other policies have been substantially adjusted to seize the opportunities and industrial commanding heights. As a deep-water bomb to promote the "low-carbon economy", Japan has invested heavily.

Focus on developing "low-carbon technology"; In 2007, the US Senate proposed the Low-carbon Economy Act, and the US government formulated a low-carbon technology development plan.

Row. All these have brought pressure and challenges to our country.

China is in the accelerated development stage of industrialization, urbanization and modernization, with huge infrastructure construction scale and rapid growth of energy demand.

Grow up. The prominent feature of "high-carbon economy" has become the main restricting factor of China's sustainable development. How to walk out of a road that not only ensures rapid economic and social development

Develop rapidly, do not repeat the old road of western developed countries sacrificing the environment for development, and do not blindly let western countries lead by the nose.

This is a subject that we must face.

2 from a technical point of view of low-carbon economy

Ensuring energy security and coping with climate change are undoubtedly the two most important goals for a "low-carbon economy". "Low carbon" advocated by Britain

Economy ",through the formulation and implementation of energy efficiency standards and related policies and measures for products and services in the fields of industrial production, construction and transportation, through

A series of institutional frameworks and incentive mechanisms have promoted the diversification of energy forms, sources and transportation channels, especially alternative energy and renewable energy.

Develop and utilize clean energy to achieve the goal of low energy consumption and low carbon emission. Finally, reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

The purpose of supporting the sustainable development of economy and society.

2. 1 Uncertainty of CO2 emission from new energy sources

From the perspective of technological innovation, the ideal form of "low-carbon economy" is to fully develop solar photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, hydrogen energy and biomass energy.

Material energy technology. Generally, solar photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation and hydrogen energy are called new energy or alternative energy, and biomass energy is considered as alternative energy.

The source of renewable energy.

Although wind power generation has developed rapidly in recent years and some breakthroughs have been made in technology, its cost is still higher than that of coal-fired power and hydropower. this

In addition, people think that wind power generation does not emit carbon dioxide in the process of power generation, while thermal power generation emits a lot of carbon dioxide, so wind power generation is said.

It is actually a misunderstanding not to emit carbon dioxide. Compared with thermal power generation, wind power generation emits little or no emissions during power generation.

Carbon oxides, but carbon dioxide must be emitted during the manufacture of wind power equipment and its repair and maintenance. You can't just compare power generation.

The carbon dioxide emission of the whole process should be compared with that of thermal power generation and wind power generation. So, realize that

The concept that wind power generation and electric vehicles do not pollute the environment and emit carbon dioxide is unscientific at first. Another example is solar power generation at this stage.

The cost is 5- 10 times that of coal, electricity and hydropower. [1] As a secondary energy source, hydrogen is still far from the commercialization goal, and the technology is still immature. eye

On the one hand, the high cost of new energy development shows that the technology is not enough, on the other hand, it also shows that the so-called new energy is not pollution-free, and it is not necessarily two kinds.

Carbon dioxide emissions are low, so before the carbon dioxide emissions are compared in the whole process, it cannot be said that new energy sources are energy sources with low carbon dioxide emissions.

Source.

2.2 Implementation results of biomass energy technology

Biomass energy is renewable energy. Developing bioenergy technology seems to kill two birds with one stone, which not only solves the substitution and alleviation of fossil energy shortage.

Problems improve the environment. However, judging from the current implementation results, it seems that more problems have been brought than solved. The United States develops biomass energy.

After the introduction of the new policy, American farmers have expanded the area planted with corn or changed the land originally planted with other crops into corn. According to statistics,

In 2007, the planting area and yield of corn in the United States reached the highest since 1944, and as much as one fifth of the corn produced was used to produce ethanol steam.

Oil. Such strong demand has certainly brought about an increase in prices. In 2007 alone, the price of corn in the United States increased by 50%. [2] This

In addition, because the planting space was squeezed by corn, the supply of soybeans decreased and the price began to rise. Therefore, Bush's new energy policy has not caused any controversy.

Few people criticize it. Joan Ziegler, an expert from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, warned that the practice of turning food into fuel in some countries is a kind of "crime against humanity", which will aggravate the global food shortage, raise the food price and make it unbearable for more poor people. Utilize food crops

The policy of switching to biofuels will undoubtedly worsen the increasingly serious global food shortage, and will certainly cause greater famine in the world.

In China, the price of pork and edible oil soared in 2007, and one of the most important reasons was the rise of feed price, while food.

It's not just China that is affected by soaring prices. It is great that American energy policy has such a great influence on global food prices.

The implementation of China's biofuel policy objectively forms a contrast between the 800 million car owners and the 2 billion poorest people in the world.

Quantity. Ironically, the plan to develop biomass energy has not brought any relief to the shortage of fossil energy, but has made the old and new problems worse.

Interweaving has brought more troubles to mankind.

But this does not mean that technological innovation and the development of new energy are not important to the "low-carbon economy", but that we are promoting the "low-carbon economy"

At the same time, we should advocate "low carbon life", or "low carbon life" should be an important part of "low carbon economy".

3. Low-carbon economy depends on low-carbon life.

One of the important meanings of "low-carbon economy" not only means that the manufacturing industry should speed up the elimination of backward production capacity with high energy consumption and high pollution, but also

It means guiding the public to reflect on the bad habits of wasting energy and increasing pollution, so as to fully explore the great energy saving and emission reduction in consumption and life.

Potential.

Under the market economy system and concept, the production in the state of "low carbon economy" with high energy efficiency and low energy consumption is still pursuing profit maximization, because

This kind of mass production is inevitable, and the products produced must be sold in the end, and the more you sell, the better. mass run

It will inevitably produce a lot of pollution and a lot of carbon emissions. The unit energy consumption is reduced, but the total amount is greatly increased, and the carbon dioxide emission will not be reduced much.

Yes For example, through decades of efforts, the fuel consumption of cars driving 100 km has decreased by about 50%, but the total number of cars has increased.

Dozens of times, it is obvious that pollution and carbon dioxide emissions have also increased many times. Therefore, the "low-carbon economy" is only supported by advanced technology.

Support is not enough, we must rely on "low-carbon life" to achieve the purpose of emission reduction.

3. 1 "Low-carbon life" is a sustainable lifestyle.

"Low-carbon life" is a simple, simple and frugal lifestyle. Our food, clothing, housing and transportation are all related to carbon dioxide emissions and even climate.

For example, the energy content of an A4 paper is close to 0. 1 kWh, [3] from which its carbon dioxide emission can also be calculated. If the vast majority

A few people can live a moderate consumption life with low carbon emissions, so it is possible to realize a "low carbon economy". What kind of lifestyle do you have?

What kind of economy there is.

"Low-carbon life" is not only the details of the improvement of many energy-saving technologies such as manufacturing and construction, but also many energy-saving details in daily life habits.

Festival. For the most populous country in the world, it seems that the energy and carbon dioxide emissions wasted by everyone's living habits are very small.

The calculation of many population multipliers is a huge number.

Nowadays, in developed countries, many people have accepted the low-carbon lifestyle brought by the low-carbon economy. In order to live a low-carbon life, they are willing to

Make self-sacrifice, from turning off the heating to giving up driving to work. Nowadays, Europeans like to travel by train more and more. One of the main reasons is to take the train.

The per capita carbon emission brought by high-speed trains is only110 of aircraft.

Simple life is becoming the standard of living pursued by more people in China. Some citizens whose income has entered the middle class will also wear old clothes.

Clothes go to the morning market to buy cheap food, travel by bike, and use the oldest mobile phone. Turn off the gas one minute before boiling eggs and flush the toilet with washing water.

The habit of turning off the lights and printing on double-sided paper has already penetrated into the most educated class, bringing peace of mind.

However, few people can consciously achieve moderate consumption under the guidance of sustainable consumption values, and mass consumption is still a social life.

Main melody. Low-carbon economy is only a concept most of the time, and low-carbon life is only in the embarrassing stage of an armchair strategist.

In real life, the proportion of "face consumption" and "luxury consumption" at the expense of consuming a lot of energy and emitting a lot of greenhouse gases is too high.

Tall man. On the one hand, we are striving to achieve a "low-carbon economy", on the other hand, we are constantly squandering. These are all caused by consumerism culture.

Consumerism culture always stimulates you to change the latest mobile phone, TV, clothes and shoes; Bombing commercial advertisements to incite the public.

Wave after wave of consumption desire has turned people into tools of commercial profit. Many young people who just joined the work soon bought them with a month's income.

New cell phones or designer handbags don't blink. China is now eliminating nearly 70 million mobile phones every year on average, generating a lot of electricity.

Second Garbage [4] Many young women's homes are full of shoes and wallets of various styles, but they still have to buy newer styles. Advocating "low"

Today, the slogan of "earned flowers" no longer symbolizes the concept of modernization, but symbolizes a barbaric consumption pattern that wastes resources. The lifestyle of mass production, mass consumption and mass abandonment is moving towards the opposite side of human civilization, which seriously restricts the strategy of sustainable development.

Implementation not only pollutes the ecological environment, but also pollutes people's minds. It is this infinite expansion of consumption desire that has caused the world's energy and capital.

The source of tension.

3.2 "Low-carbon life" should be guaranteed by the system.

On June 13 this year, Hubei Province publicized the energy audit results of some provincial offices for the first time, including the Provincial Construction Department, the Communications Department and the Development Department.

The average annual power consumption of 20 provincial office buildings, including the National Development and Reform Commission, is 80 kWh per square meter, which is 3-4 times that of ordinary houses. [5] And

Prior to this, the General Office of the State Council and the Hubei Provincial Government issued a notice on the construction of energy-saving and consumption-reducing institutions, with some details.

Requirements. The fundamental reason why we can't achieve obvious results is that the energy saving of public servants is purely a reflection of personal morality and understanding, even if there are some

Physical requirements are only flexible, and there is no rigid institutional constraint to urge him to conserve energy. If the government has a system to ensure energy conservation, then the public

Once the service personnel do not save energy, they will be punished by the organization and economy, which will greatly promote the implementation of energy conservation at the government level.

June 6 16 "Liberation Daily" reported that Shanghai has specified office energy-saving measures, such as "wearing cool clothes to work in summer, except in exceptional circumstances".

Etiquette requires not to wear a suit and tie outside, not to take the elevator below the fourth floor of the office building, to carpool on business trips, and to take the bus.

To be sure, office energy-saving measures are being concretized, first implemented among public servants, which should be regarded as institutionalized in the general direction. such as

If these systems are supplemented by disciplinary measures, they will be more realistic and easier to operate.

After many years of publicity and education on environment and sustainable development, the public's awareness of environmental protection has been improved to a certain extent, except for the moral level.

In addition to educational guidance, there must also be institutional constraints. Before June 1, many people doubted the operability of the "plastic restriction order", but after its promulgation, it was also

It has been understood by the general public and achieved practical results.

In short, the widespread implementation of "low carbon life" will curb the spread of "high carbon economy" and promote the development of "low carbon economy". In order to achieve this,

First, the propaganda, guidance and system guarantee of "low-carbon life" are indispensable.

refer to

[1] Wu Xiaojiang. Get rid of hobbies! Facing the low-carbon economy [N]. Wen Wei Po: June 5, 2008

[2] Lai Huaxia. Butterfly effect of rising oil prices [J]. World Environment, 2008(2): 10

[3] Chen Tian. Low-carbon life is a better way of life [J]. World Environment, 2008(2):3 1

[4] Chen Xiaofeng. Simple life [J]. Friends of Nature Newsletter, 2008 (3):48

[5] Mao Jianguo. Only through the legal system can the government be forced to save energy [N]. China Youth Daily, June 2008 17.